<i>Fusarium</i> Profiling and Barley Malt Gushing Propensity

Virkajärvi, Vertti; Sarlin, Tuija; Laitila, Arja

doi:10.1094/asbcj-2017-3321-01

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The analysis of the malting barley DNA samples gave first preliminary evidence on the growing potential of C. rosea within a small scale malting process. This is comparable to the growth potential of several Fusarium species, including F. graminearum , as previously studied in the same process by Virkajärvi et al (2017). The authors determined the amount of Fusarium sp.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

“…DNA, respectively, were processed. The grain samples were malted in a computer controlled micromalting equipment (Hulo Engineering, Helsinki, Finland) with a separate drum for each sample, as described by Virkajärvi et al (2017). Prior to steeping, the grain samples were inoculated with the C. rosea strain ACM941 at 10 6 conidia/kg in a volume of 10 ml sterile water and incubated at 25°C in the dark for 24 h (moisture content 30%) in order to activate the BCA.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

TaqMan qPCR for Quantification of Clonostachys rosea Used as a Biological Control Agent Against Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Clonostachys rosea is a biological control agent against Fusarium graminearum in small grain cereals and maize. Infections with F. graminearum do not only reduce the yield but, due to the production of mycotoxins, also affect the entire value chain of food and feed. In addition, production of other secondary metabolites such as hydrophobins, also known as gushing inducers, may cause quality challenges for the malting and brewing industry. Sustainable disease control strategies using C. rosea are treatment of infected residues of the previous crop, direct treatment of the actual cereal crop or post-harvest treatment during malting processes. Follow-up of growth and survival of biocontrol organisms during these different stages is of crucial importance. In the current study, we developed a quantitative real-time PCR detection method that amends the currently available culture-dependent techniques by using TaqMan chemistry with a highly specific primer and probe set, targeting the actin gene. We established a sensitive assay that detects the biological control agent down to 100 genome copies per reaction, with PCR efficiencies between 90 and 100%. The specificity of the assay was confirmed against a panel of 30 fungal and 3 bacterial species including 12 members of the Fusarium head blight complex and DNA of barley, maize and wheat. The DNA of C. rosea was detected in Fusarium -infected maize crop residues that were either treated in the laboratory or in the field with C. rosea and followed its DNA throughout the barley malting process to estimate its growth during grain germination. We used a standardized DNA extraction protocol and showed that C. rosea can be quantified in different sample matrices. This method will enable the monitoring of C. rosea during experiments studying the biological control of F. graminearum on cereal crop residues and on cereal grains and will thus contribute to the development of a new disease control strategy.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 79%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

TaqMan qPCR for Quantification of Clonostachys rosea Used as a Biological Control Agent Against Fusarium graminearum

et al. 2019

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The effects of environmental factors can impact the estimation of mycotoxin risk based only on the Fusarium DNA levels. Another application for the FusE method is the assessment of the gushing risk in malting barley such as that studied by Virkajärvi et al [26], where a higher Fusarium DNA level was associated with a higher gushing risk.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Taqman qPCR Quantification and Fusarium Community Analysis to Evaluate Toxigenic Fungi in Cereals

Sohlberg

Virkajärvi

Parikka

et al. 2022

Toxins

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium head blight (FHB) is an economically important plant disease. Some Fusarium species produce mycotoxins that cause food safety concerns for both humans and animals. One especially important mycotoxin-producing fungus causing FHB is Fusarium graminearum. However, Fusarium species form a disease complex where different Fusarium species co-occur in the infected cereals. Effective management strategies for FHB are needed. Development of the management tools requires information about the diversity and abundance of the whole Fusarium community. Molecular quantification assays for detecting individual Fusarium species and subgroups exist, but a method for the detection and quantification of the whole Fusarium group is still lacking. In this study, a new TaqMan-based qPCR method (FusE) targeting the Fusarium-specific elongation factor region (EF1α) was developed for the detection and quantification of Fusarium spp. The FusE method was proven as a sensitive method with a detection limit of 1 pg of Fusarium DNA. Fusarium abundance results from oat samples correlated significantly with deoxynivalenol (DON) toxin content. In addition, the whole Fusarium community in Finnish oat samples was characterized with a new metabarcoding method. A shift from F. culmorum to F. graminearum in FHB-infected oats has been detected in Europe, and the results of this study confirm that. These new molecular methods can be applied in the assessment of the Fusarium community and mycotoxin risk in cereals. Knowledge gained from the Fusarium community analyses can be applied in developing and selecting effective management strategies for FHB.

show abstract

“…The greatest economic consequence in barley from FHB occurs when malt quality standards are not met due to the accumulation of mycotoxins, especially deoxynivalenol (DON). For instance, the presence of DON increases gushing risk in the malting process [2]. The amount of DON in barley can often be higher than would be expected for an equivalent level of FHB in wheat, because of the retention of the lemma and palea which is floret tissue that remains attached to the barley kernel in the harvesting and malting process [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Disease Management and Estimated Effects on DON (Deoxynivalenol) Contamination in Fusarium Infested Barley

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fusarium head blight (FHB or scab) economically devastates barley production. FHB is predominantly caused by Fusarium graminearum and has resulted in major reductions in the quality of barley in the United States. The most common source of economic loss is through development of potent mycotoxins in the grain, the most prominent of which, in the United States, is deoxynivalenol (DON). DON levels can be managed through a variety of techniques. This study presents the estimate of the statistical relationship among DON contamination in barley, FHB incidence and severity, and a variety of disease management techniques. Data from 22 field studies and a survey of barley producers are used to estimate the relationship. Fungicide applications reduce DON in barley in general and via complementary interactions with the barley cultivar. Genetic FHB resistance in barley varieties is an important determinant of DON levels, as well as previous crop and factors related to time and location. Taking care to avoid rotations with FHB host crops immediately prior to barley is also important to reduce DON levels in barley. These become key inputs into barley producer decisions for evaluating the economic value of adopting FHB management techniques. DON in barley results in substantial price reductions, downgrading to feed barley, or even rejection for barley producers in the Northern Great Plains. Another consequence occurs when barley producers modify production choices, such as including crops less vulnerable to FHB [4].Management of FHB caused by F. graminearum relies on an integrated program using genetic resistance, fungicides, and cultural practices such as tillage, adjusting planting dates, and crop rotation. Employment of several management tools together has the greatest effect on decreasing losses due to FHB and DON in wheat [5,6]. Breeding resistance towards FHB remains a top priority to prevent economic losses as it holds potential for economical FHB control in barley. Limited host resistance has been an objective of wheat and barley cultivar breeding programs [1]. In wheat, the use of a moderately resistant (low DON accumulating) cultivar with a prothioconazole plus tebuconazole fungicide application when 50% of the main stems are at full head, currently provides the greatest amount of FHB and DON reduction in the Northern Great Plains [7].Observations of wheat yield loss from FHB are often reported anecdotally, and generally a statistical relationship between FHB and yield is not contemplated. As stated in Salgad et al. [8], estimating such a relationship requires observations of FHB, DON, yield, test weight, and a proposed model of their relationship. Relationships between grain quality and FHB have been observed [9][10][11]. These relationships suggest the dollar returns from FHB management practices depend on the interaction among biological and economic factors. Prior research has shown negative statistical relationships between FHB and wheat yield [8,12,13], however, damage from FHB is not always readily apparent i...

show abstract

Fusarium Profiling and Barley Malt Gushing Propensity

Cited by 9 publications

References 29 publications

TaqMan qPCR for Quantification of Clonostachys rosea Used as a Biological Control Agent Against Fusarium graminearum

TaqMan qPCR for Quantification of Clonostachys rosea Used as a Biological Control Agent Against Fusarium graminearum

Taqman qPCR Quantification and Fusarium Community Analysis to Evaluate Toxigenic Fungi in Cereals

Disease Management and Estimated Effects on DON (Deoxynivalenol) Contamination in Fusarium Infested Barley

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About