<i>Ficus</i> plants: State of the art from a phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological perspective

Salehi, Bahare; Mishra, Abhay Prakash; Nigam, Manisha; Karazhan, Natallia; Shukla, Ila; Kiełtyka-Dadasiewicz, Anna; Sawicka, Barbara; Głowacka, Aleksandra; Abu-Darwish, Mohammad Sanad; Taráwneh, Amer H.; Gadetskaya, Anastassiya V.; Cabral, Célia; Salgueiro, Lı́gia; Victoriano, Montserrat; Martorell, Miquel; Docea, Anca Oana; Abdolshahi, Anna; Calina, Daniela; Sharifi‐Rad, Javad

doi:10.1002/ptr.6884

Cited by 69 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 167 publications

(212 reference statements)

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“…SIRT-1 is responsible for Aβ peptide inhibition, Bax-induced apoptosis suppression and suppression of a plethora of other proapoptotic factors (Aloizou et al, 2021). Natural bioactive compounds or drugs may act as neuroprotective agents by modulation of SIRT1 protein expression (Salehi et al, 2021a). QUR has been reported to exhibit neuroprotective effect and antiageing effect via induction and activation SIRT1 (de Boer et al, 2006) (Figure 2).…”

Section: Targeting Of Sirtuins In Age-related Neurodegenerative Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review

et al. 2021

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Quercetin (QUR) is a natural bioactive flavonoid that has been lately very studied for its beneficial properties in many pathologies. Its neuroprotective effects have been demonstrated in many in vitro studies, as well as in vivo animal experiments and human trials. QUR protects the organism against neurotoxic chemicals and also can prevent the evolution and development of neuronal injury and neurodegeneration. The present work aimed to summarize the literature about the neuroprotective effect of QUR using known database sources. Besides, this review focuses on the assessment of the potential utilization of QUR as a complementary or alternative medicine for preventing and treating neurodegenerative diseases. An up-to-date search was conducted in PubMed, Science Direct and Google Scholar for published work dealing with the neuroprotective effects of QUR against neurotoxic chemicals or in neuronal injury, and in the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Findings suggest that QUR possess neuropharmacological protective effects in neurodegenerative brain disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease, Amyloid β peptide, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington's disease, multiple sclerosis, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In summary, this review emphasizes the neuroprotective effects of QUR and its advantages in being used in complementary medicine for the prevention and treatment o of different neurodegenerative diseases.

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Section: Targeting Of Sirtuins In Age-related Neurodegenerative Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The use of medicinal plants for the prevention or treatment of neurological diseases has a long history (Salehi et al, 2021a). Due to their active compounds such as flavonoids, curcumin, lycopene, resveratrol, sesamol, etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review

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“…Tumor angiogenesis refers to the growth of new vessels around and inside tumors; this involves the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells so as to form new lumens, plexuses, and vascular networks [45,46]. Genistein was investigated to induce angiogenesis at the concentration (0.001-100 μM) in o [47].…”

Section: Angiogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Genistein: An Integrative Overview of Its Mode of Action, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits

Sharifi‐Rad

Quispe

Imran

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Genistein is an isoflavone first isolated from the brooming plant Dyer’s Genista tinctoria L. and is widely distributed in the Fabaceae family. As an isoflavone, mammalian genistein exerts estrogen-like functions. Several biological effects of genistein have been reported in preclinical studies, such as the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and antiviral activities, the effects of angiogenesis and estrogen, and the pharmacological activities on diabetes and lipid metabolism. The purpose of this review is to provide up-to-date evidence of preclinical pharmacological activities with mechanisms of action, bioavailability, and clinical evidence of genistein. The literature was researched using the most important keyword “genistein” from the PubMed, Science, and Google Scholar databases, and the taxonomy was validated using The Plant List. Data were also collected from specialized books and other online resources. The main positive effects of genistein refer to the protection against cardiovascular diseases and to the decrease of the incidence of some types of cancer, especially breast cancer. Although the mechanism of protection against cancer involves several aspects of genistein metabolism, the researchers attribute this effect to the similarity between the structure of soy genistein and that of estrogen. This structural similarity allows genistein to displace estrogen from cellular receptors, thus blocking their hormonal activity. The pharmacological activities resulting from the experimental studies of this review support the traditional uses of genistein, but in the future, further investigations are needed on the efficacy, safety, and use of nanotechnologies to increase bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy.

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“…These pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines are induced by different enzymes like cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), iNOS (28,29). Nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) along with its inhibitory protein, IκB controls the transcription of pro-inflammatory mediators and cytokines such as NO (nitric oxide), iNOS (inducible isoform NO), COX-2 (ciclooxigenase 2), TNF-α (Tumour necrosis alfa), PGE2 (prostaglandin E2), and IL-1β (interleukin 1β) (30,31) Besides, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are also known to induce production of cytokine and the expression of iNOS and COX-2 (32,33). Neoechinulin A exhibited anti-inflammatory activity (Table 1) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)_-treated RAW264.7 macrophages which were implicated in the inhibition of NF-kB and p38 MAPK pathway (16).…”

Section: Pharmacological Activities Of Neoechinulins Anti-inflammatorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Therapeutic Potential of Neoechinulins and Their Derivatives: An Overview of the Molecular Mechanisms Behind Pharmacological Activities

et al. 2021

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Neoechinulins are diketopiperazine type indole alkaloids that demonstrate radical scavenging, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, anti-neurodegenerative, neurotrophic factor-like, anticancer, pro-apoptotic, and anti-apoptotic properties. An array of neoechinulins such as neoechinulins A-E, isoechinulins A-C, cryptoechunilin have been isolated from various fungal sources like Aspergillus sp., Xylaria euglossa, Eurotium cristatum, Microsporum sp., etc. Besides, neoechinulin derivatives or stereoisomers were also obtained from diverse non-fungal sources viz. Tinospora sagittata, Opuntia dillenii, Cyrtomium fortunei, Cannabis sativa, and so on. The main purpose of this review is to provide update information on neoechinulins and their analogues about the molecular mechanisms of the pharmacological action and possible future research. The recent data from this review can be used to create a basis for the discovery of new neoechinulin-based drugs and their analogues in the near future. The online databases PubMed, Science and Google scholar were researched for the selection and collection of data from the available literature on neoechinulins, their natural sources and their pharmacological properties. The published books on this topic were also analysed. In vitro and in vivo assays have established the potential of neoechinulin A as a promising anticancer and anti-neuroinflammatory lead molecule. Neoechinulin B was also identified as a potential antiviral drug against hepatitis C virus. Toxicological and clinical trials are needed in the future to improve the phyto-pharmacological profile of neoquinolines. From the analysis of the literature, we found that neoechinulins and their derivatives have special biological potential. Although some modern pharmacological analyzes have highlighted the molecular mechanisms of action and some signalling pathways, the correlation between these phytoconstituents and pharmacological activities must be validated in the future by preclinical toxicological and clinical studies.

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Ficus plants: State of the art from a phytochemical, pharmacological, and toxicological perspective

Cited by 69 publications

References 167 publications

Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review

Neuropharmacological Effects of Quercetin: A Literature-Based Review

Genistein: An Integrative Overview of Its Mode of Action, Pharmacological Properties, and Health Benefits

Therapeutic Potential of Neoechinulins and Their Derivatives: An Overview of the Molecular Mechanisms Behind Pharmacological Activities

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