<i>Fgfr2</i>Is Required for the Development of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Its Connections with Limbic Circuits

Stevens, Hanna E.; Smith, Karen; Maragnoli, Maria Elisabetta; Fagel, Devon M.; Borok, Erzsi; Shanabrough, Marya; Horváth, Tamas L.; Vaccarino, Flora M.

doi:10.1523/jneurosci.5837-09.2010

Cited by 71 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Western blot analysis showed that labels a band of 47-50 kD, and it was characterized by using immunohistochemistry in mouse (Stevens et al, 2010). Our staining with this antibody matched that from original descriptions of Pax6 immunostaining in the developing cortex (Gotz et al, 1998), our previous publications (Martinez-Cerdeno et al, 2012;Cunningham et al, 2013a), and more recent work from unrelated laboratories (Fukushima et al, 2014;Maury et al, 2015).…”

Section: Antibody Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Evolutionary origin of Tbr2‐expressing precursor cells and the subventricular zone in the developing cortex

Martínez‐Cerdeño

Cunningham

Camacho

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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The subventricular zone (SVZ) is greatly expanded in primates with gyrencephalic cortices, and is thought to be absent from vertebrates with three-layered, lissencephalic cortices, such as the turtle. Recent work in rodents has shown that Tbr2-expressing neural precursor cells in the SVZ produce excitatory neurons for each cortical layer in the neocortex. Many excitatory neurons are generated through a two-step process in which Pax6-expressing radial glial cells divide in the VZ to produce Tbr2-expressing intermediate progenitor cells, which divide in the SVZ to produce cortical neurons. We investigated the evolutionary origin of SVZ neural precursor cells in the prenatal cerebral cortex by testing for the presence and distribution of Tbr2-expressing cells in the prenatal cortex of reptilian and avian species. We found that mitotic Tbr2+ cells are present in the prenatal cortex of lizard, turtle, chicken and dove. Furthermore, Tbr2+ cells are organized into a distinct SVZ in the DVR of turtle forebrain, and in the cortices of chicken and dove. Our results are consistent with the concept that Tbr2+ neural precursor cells were present in the common ancestor of mammals and reptiles. Our data also suggest that the organizing principle guiding the assembly of Tbr2+ cells into an anatomically distinct SVZ, both developmentally and evolutionarily, may be shared across vertebrates. Finally, our results indicate that Tbr2 expression can be used to test for the presence of a distinct SVZ, and to define the boundaries of the SVZ in developing cortices.

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Section: Antibody Characterizationsupporting

confidence: 74%

Evolutionary origin of Tbr2‐expressing precursor cells and the subventricular zone in the developing cortex

Martínez‐Cerdeño

Cunningham

Camacho

et al. 2015

J of Comparative Neurology

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“…FGFRs are required during the postnatal stage of presynaptic differentiation in vivo FGFR2 and FGFR1 also regulate embryonic neuronal development, including neuronal precursor specification and proliferation (Paek et al, 2009;Gutin et al, 2006;Stevens et al, 2010b). To exclude the influence of embryonic events to presynaptic defects in Fgfr2b…”

Section: ) We Found That Fgfr2bmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distinct sets of FGF receptors sculpt excitatory and inhibitory synaptogenesis

et al. 2015

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Neurons in the brain must establish a balanced network of excitatory and inhibitory synapses during development for the brain to function properly. An imbalance between these synapses underlies various neurological and psychiatric disorders. The formation of excitatory and inhibitory synapses requires precise molecular control. In the hippocampus, the structure crucial for learning and memory, fibroblast growth factor 22 (FGF22) and FGF7 specifically promote excitatory or inhibitory synapse formation, respectively. Knockout of either Fgf gene leads to excitatory-inhibitory imbalance in the mouse hippocampus and manifests in an altered susceptibility to epileptic seizures, underscoring the importance of FGF-dependent synapse formation. However, the receptors and signaling mechanisms by which FGF22 and FGF7 induce excitatory and inhibitory synapse differentiation are unknown. Here, we show that distinct sets of overlapping FGF receptors (FGFRs), FGFR2b and FGFR1b, mediate excitatory or inhibitory presynaptic differentiation in response to FGF22 and FGF7. Excitatory presynaptic differentiation is impaired in Fgfr2b and Fgfr1b mutant mice; however, inhibitory presynaptic defects are only found in Fgfr2b mutants. FGFR2b and FGFR1b are required for an excitatory presynaptic response to FGF22, whereas only FGFR2b is required for an inhibitory presynaptic response to FGF7. We further find that FGFRs are required in the presynaptic neuron to respond to FGF22, and that FRS2 and PI3K, but not PLCγ, mediate FGF22-dependent presynaptic differentiation. Our results reveal the specific receptors and signaling pathways that mediate FGF-dependent presynaptic differentiation, and thereby provide a mechanistic understanding of precise excitatory and inhibitory synapse formation in the mammalian brain.

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“…63). In addition, recent findings demonstrate that Tgfbr2 activity is required for axon formation and neuronal migration in the developing mammalian neocortex (64) and that expression of Fgfr1 and Fgfr2 determines brain size (65,66). Richtsmeier et al (67) have pointed out the analogy between human craniosynostosis and the simplification trend of cranial bone elements in synapsid evolution.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Paleontological and developmental evidence resolve the homology and dual embryonic origin of a mammalian skull bone, the interparietal

Koyabu

Maier

Sánchez‐Villagra

2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

119

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The homologies of mammalian skull elements are now fairly well established, except for the controversial interparietal bone. A previous experimental study reported an intriguing mixed origin of the interparietal: the medial portion being derived from the neural crest cells, whereas the lateral portion from the mesoderm. The evolutionary history of such mixed origin remains unresolved, and contradictory reports on the presence or absence and developmental patterns of the interparietal among mammals have complicated the question of its homology. Here we provide an alternative perspective on the evolutionary identity of the interparietal, based on a comprehensive study across more than 300 extinct and extant taxa, integrating embryological and paleontological data. Although the interparietal has been regarded as being lost in various lineages, our investigation on embryos demonstrates its presence in all extant mammalian "orders." The generally accepted paradigm has regarded the interparietal as consisting of two elements that are homologized to the postparietals of basal amniotes. The tabular bones have been postulated as being lost during the rise of modern mammals. However, our results demonstrate that the interparietal consists not of two but of four elements. We propose that the tabulars of basal amniotes are conserved as the lateral interparietal elements, which quickly fuse to the medial elements at the embryonic stage, and that the postparietals are homologous to the medial elements. Hence, the dual developmental origin of the mammalian interparietal can be explained as the evolutionary consequence of the fusion between the crest-derived "postparietals" and the mesoderm-derived "tabulars." embryology | morphological evolution | synapsids | fossil | occipital

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Fgfr2Is Required for the Development of the Medial Prefrontal Cortex and Its Connections with Limbic Circuits

Cited by 71 publications

References 60 publications

Evolutionary origin of Tbr2‐expressing precursor cells and the subventricular zone in the developing cortex

Evolutionary origin of Tbr2‐expressing precursor cells and the subventricular zone in the developing cortex

Distinct sets of FGF receptors sculpt excitatory and inhibitory synaptogenesis

Paleontological and developmental evidence resolve the homology and dual embryonic origin of a mammalian skull bone, the interparietal

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