Fagopyrum tataricum(Buckwheat) Improved High-Glucose-Induced Insulin Resistance in Mouse Hepatocytes and Diabetes in Fructose-Rich Diet-Induced Mice

Abstract

Fagopyrum tataricum (buckwheat) is used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Taiwan. This study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic and anti-insulin resistance effects of 75% ethanol extracts of buckwheat (EEB) in FL83B hepatocytes by high-glucose (33 mM) induction and in C57BL/6 mice by fructose-rich diet (FRD; 60%) induction. The active compounds of EEB (100 μg/mL; 50 mg/kg bw), quercetin (6 μg/mL; 3 mg/kg bw), and rutin (23 μg/mL; 11.5 mg/kg bw) were also employed to treat FL83B hepatocytes and animal. Results indicated that EEB, rutin, and quercetin + rutin significantly improved 2-NBDG uptake via promoting Akt phosphorylation and preventing PPARγ degradation caused by high-glucose induction for 48 h in FL83B hepatocytes. We also found that EEB could elevate hepatic antioxidant enzymes activities to attenuate insulin resistance as well as its antioxidation caused by rutin and quercetin. Finally, EEB also inhibited increases in blood glucose and insulin levels of C57BL/6 mice induced by FRD.

Dietary tartary buckwheat intake attenuates insulin resistance and improves lipid profiles in patients with type 2 diabetes: a randomized controlled trial

“…Many studies have demonstrated the biological activities of various TB nutrients and phytochemicals, such as protein [7,8], dietary fiber [9], and polyphenols [10]. These nutrients and compounds have been shown to improve hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, and hyperglycemia in rodent models; however, few studies have examined the health benefits of buckwheat, as a whole food, in humans.…”

Buckwheat extracts (Fagopyrum tataricum) and rutin attenuate Th2 cytokines production and cellular allergic effects in vitro and in vivo

“…The 75% ethanol extracts of buckwheat was abbreviated to be EEB in this study. The quercetin and rutin of EEB were assayed by HPLC, and results suggested that 228.8 mg/g of rutin and 58.6 mg/g of quercetin were present in EEB (Lee, Hsu, Shen, Cheng, & Wu, 2012). …”

rBTI extends Caenorhabditis elegans lifespan by mimicking calorie restriction

“…However, the studies on buckwheat proteins, especially on buckwheat protease inhibitors, have mainly focused on their antitumor activities (Cui et al, 2013;Ferreira et al, 2013;Liu et al, 2001). It has been well known that buckwheat can reduce levels of blood sugar, lower cholesterol, and protect against heart disease (Hosaka et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2012;Stringer et al, 2013), partly due to its high level of protease inhibitors. All these properties of buckwheat protease inhibitors are associated with aging.…”

“…Here, we hypothesized that rBTI could elicit its beneficial effects by mimicking CR. Because there are some similar physiology effects between CR and buckwheat, such as low blood glucose, low fat content, anticancer, resistance to oxidative stress (Hosaka et al, 2014;Lee et al, 2012;Speakman and Mitchell, 2011;Stringer et al, 2013), and buckwheat contain rich BTI.…”