<i>Faecalibacterium prausnitzii</i>
            is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients

Sokol, Harry; Pigneur, Bénédicte; Watterlot, Laurie; Lakhdari, Omar; Bermúdez‐Humarán, Luis G.; Gratadoux, Jean-Jacques; Blugeon, Sébastien; Bridonneau, Chantal; Furet, Jean-Pierre; Corthier, Gérard; Grangette, Corinne; Vasquez, Nadia; Pochart, Philippe; Trugnan, Germain; Thomas, G.; Blottière, Hervé M.; Doré, Joël; Marteau, Philippe; Seksik, Philippe; Langella, Philippe

doi:10.1073/pnas.0804812105

Cited by 3,624 publications

(3,108 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Perhaps of most interest, we demonstrated a signifi cant increase in F. prausnitzii in CD at diagnosis, in marked contrast with previous reports of a reduction in the species in adult CD ( 29,34,35 ).…”

Section: Microbiota Of Pediatric Ibd By Pyrosequencingcontrasting

confidence: 93%

Microbiota of De-Novo Pediatric IBD: Increased Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and Reduced Bacterial Diversity in Crohn's But Not in Ulcerative Colitis

Hansen

Russell

Reiff³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Gastroenterology

247

180

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The gastrointestinal microbiota is considered important in infl ammatory bowel disease (IBD) pathogenesis. Discoveries from established disease cohorts report reduced bacterial diversity, changes in bacterial composition, and a protective role for Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in Crohn ' s disease (CD). The majority of studies to date are however potentially confounded by the effect of treatment and a reliance on established rather than de-novo disease. METHODS:Microbial changes at diagnosis were examined by biopsying the colonic mucosa of 37 children: 25 with newly presenting, untreated IBD with active colitis (13 CD and 12 ulcerative colitis (UC)), and 12 pediatric controls with a macroscopically and microscopically normal colon. We utilized a dual-methodology approach with pyrosequencing (threshold >10,000 reads) and confi rmatory real-time PCR (RT-PCR). RESULTS:Threshold pyrosequencing output was obtained on 34 subjects (11 CD, 11 UC, 12 controls). No signifi cant changes were noted at phylum level among the Bacteroidetes, Firmicutes, or Proteobacteria. A signifi cant reduction in bacterial α -diversity was noted in CD vs. controls by three methods (Shannon, Simpson, and phylogenetic diversity) but not in UC vs. controls. An increase in Faecalibacterium was observed in CD compared with controls by pyrosequencing (mean 16.7 % vs. 9.1 % of reads, P = 0.02) and replicated by specifi c F. prausnitzii RT-PCR (36.0 % vs. 19.0 % of total bacteria, P = 0.02). No disease-specifi c clustering was evident on principal components analysis. CONCLUSIONS: Our results offer a comprehensive examination of the IBD mucosal microbiota at diagnosis, unaffected by therapeutic confounders or changes over time. Our results challenge the current model of a protective role for F. prausnitzii in CD, suggesting a more dynamic role for this organism than previously described.SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL is linked to the online version of the paper at

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Section: Microbiota Of Pediatric Ibd By Pyrosequencingcontrasting

confidence: 93%

Microbiota of De-Novo Pediatric IBD: Increased Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and Reduced Bacterial Diversity in Crohn's But Not in Ulcerative Colitis

Hansen

Russell

Reiff³

et al. 2012

American Journal of Gastroenterology

247

180

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“…Dose period 3 (days [30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44]. Volunteers consumed 100 g of their treatment chocolate, and kept daily diaries during the period.…”

Section: Experimental Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

2010

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Sweeteners are being sourced to lower the energetic value of confectionery including chocolates. Some, especially non-digestible carbohydrates, may possess other benefits for human health upon their fermentation by the colonic microbiota. The present study assessed non-digestible carbohydrate sweeteners, selected for use in low-energy chocolates, for their ability to beneficially modulate faecal bacterial profiles in human volunteers. Forty volunteers consumed a test chocolate (low-energy or experimental chocolate) containing 22·8 g of maltitol (MTL), MTL and polydextrose (PDX), or MTL and resistant starch for fourteen consecutive days. The dose of the test chocolates was doubled every 2 weeks over a 6-week period. Numbers of faecal bifidobacteria significantly increased with all the three test treatments. Chocolate containing the PDX blend also significantly increased faecal lactobacilli (P¼ 0·00 001) after the 6 weeks. The PDX blend also showed significant increases in faecal propionate and butyrate (P¼ 0·002 and 0·006, respectively). All the test chocolates were well tolerated with no significant change in bowel habit or intestinal symptoms even at a daily dose of 45·6 g of non-digestible carbohydrate sweetener. This is of importance not only for giving manufacturers a sugar replacement that can reduce energetic content, but also for providing a well-tolerated means of delivering high levels of non-digestible carbohydrates into the colon, bringing about improvements in the biomarkers of gut health.

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“…For example, patients with IBD have a gut microbiome characterized by depletion or over‐abundance of specific taxa compared to healthy controls(Pascal et al ., 2017). Based on observations that Clostridia group IV and XIVa species in particular are less abundant in patients with IBD (Manichanh et al ., 2006), one such organism Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is being investigated as a candidate LBP for IBD, following up on promising findings in pre‐clinical colitis models (Sokol et al ., 2008). …”

Section: Microbiome Therapy Solution – Live Biotherapeuticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The contribution of microbial biotechnology to sustainable development goals: microbiome therapies

O’Toole

Paoli

2017

Microbial Biotechnology

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SummaryComplex communities of microbes live on and in plants, humans and other animals. These communities are collectively referred to as the microbiota or microbiome. Plants and animals evolved to co‐exist with these microbes. In mammals, particular kinds of alteration of the microbiome (dysbiosis) are associated with loss of health, most likely due to loss of microbial metabolites, signalling molecules, or regulators of host pathways. Modern life‐style diseases such as Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), type 2 diabetes, obesity and metabolic syndrome have been linked to dysbiosis. These multifactorial diseases involve multiple risk factors and triggers, depletion of certain gut microbiota species being one of them. Live Biotherapeutics operate by restoring microbial products or activities in affected subjects. They are being developed as adjuncts, alternatives or new treatment options for diseases that affect a growing proportion of global citizens.

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Faecalibacterium prausnitzii is an anti-inflammatory commensal bacterium identified by gut microbiota analysis of Crohn disease patients

Cited by 3,624 publications

References 31 publications

Microbiota of De-Novo Pediatric IBD: Increased Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and Reduced Bacterial Diversity in Crohn's But Not in Ulcerative Colitis

Microbiota of De-Novo Pediatric IBD: Increased Faecalibacterium Prausnitzii and Reduced Bacterial Diversity in Crohn's But Not in Ulcerative Colitis

A human volunteer study to assess the impact of confectionery sweeteners on the gut microbiota composition

The contribution of microbial biotechnology to sustainable development goals: microbiome therapies

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