Ewingella

Abstract

Ewing.el' la . M.L. dim. ending ‐ ella ; M.L. fem. n. Ewingella named to honor William H. Ewing an American bacteriologist who made many contributions to the nomenclature and classification of the families Enterobacteriaceae and Vibrionaceae . Proteobacteria / Gammaproteobacteria / Enterobacteriales / Enterobacteriaceae / Ewingella Small rod‐shaped cells, 0.6–0.7 × 1–1.8 µm, conforming to the general definition of the family Enterobacteriaceae . Contains the enterobacterial common antigen. Motile by 3–10 peritrichous flagella. Facultatively anaerobic. Gram negative, oxidase negative, catalase positive. Some strains grow faster and are more active biochemically at 25°C than 36°C. Positive reactions for methyl red, Voges–Proskauer, citrate utilization ( Simmons ), ONPG test, nitrate reduction to nitrite, and acid production from D ‐glucose , d ‐ mannitol, salicin, trehalose , d ‐ arabitol , d ‐ mannose, and D ‐galactose . Utilize 35 of 156 carbon sources. Negative reactions for indole production, H 2 S production (TSI), urea hydrolysis, phenylalanine deaminase, lysine decarboxylase, arginine dihydrolase, ornithine decarboxylase, gelatin hydrolysis (22°C), growth in KCN, malonate utilization, acetate utilization, lipase (corn oil), DNase production, pigment production, and fermentation of sucrose, dulcitol, adonitol, myo ‐inositol, D ‐sorbitol, L ‐arabinose, raffinose, maltose, D ‐xylose, cellobiose, α‐methyl‐ D ‐glucoside, erythritol, melibiose, and mucate. No visible gas is produced during fermentation. Susceptible to colistin, nalidixic acid, sulfadiazine (most strains), gentamicin, streptomycin, kanamycin, tetracycline, chloramphenicol, and carbenicillin (disk diffusion method on Mueller‐Hinton agar); resistant to penicillin and cephalothin ; variable susceptibility to ampicillin. The mol % G + C of the DNA is : 53.6–55.2. Type species : Ewingella americana Grimont, Farmer, Grimont, Asbury, Brenner and Deval 1984a, 91 (Effective publication: Grimont, Farmer, Grimont, Asbury, Brenner and Deval 1983a, 41.)