<i>Escarpia southwardae</i> sp. nov., a new species of vestimentiferan tubeworm (Annelida, Siboglinidae) from West African cold seeps

Andersen, Ann C.; Hourdez, Stéphane; Marie, Benjamin; Jollivet, Didier; Lallier, François H.; Sibuet, Myriam

doi:10.1139/z04-049

Cited by 60 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Although morphologically distinct, E. southwardae , E. laminata and E. spicata are genetically undistinguishable and could represent a single polymorphic species with extremely widespread distribution [20]. This is supported by a significant capacity for larval dispersal for Escarpia and Lamellibrachia with positively buoyant lecitotrophic larvae that can spend at least three weeks up in the water column [100].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography and Potential Exchanges Among the Atlantic Equatorial Belt Cold-Seep Faunas

et al. 2010

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Like hydrothermal vents along oceanic ridges, cold seeps are patchy and isolated ecosystems along continental margins, extending from bathyal to abyssal depths. The Atlantic Equatorial Belt (AEB), from the Gulf of Mexico to the Gulf of Guinea, was one focus of the Census of Marine Life ChEss (Chemosynthetic Ecosystems) program to study biogeography of seep and vent fauna. We present a review and analysis of collections from five seep regions along the AEB: the Gulf of Mexico where extensive faunal sampling has been conducted from 400 to 3300m, the Barbados accretionary prism, the Blake ridge diapir, and in the Eastern Atlantic from the Congo and Gabon margins and the recently explored Nigeria margin. Of the 72 taxa identified at the species level, a total of 9 species or species complexes are identified as amphi-Atlantic. Similarity analyses based on both Bray Curtis and Hellinger distances among 9 faunal collections, and principal component analysis based on presence/absence of megafauna species at these sites, suggest that within the AEB seep megafauna community structure is influenced primarily by depth rather than by geographic distance. Depth segregation is observed between 1000 and 2000m, with the middle slope sites either grouped with those deeper than 2000m or with the shallower sites. The highest level of community similarity was found between the seeps of the Florida escarpment and Congo margin. In the western Atlantic, the highest degree of similarity is observed between the shallowest sites of the Barbados prism and of the Louisiana slope. The high number of amphi-atlantic cold-seep species that do not cluster according to biogeographic regions, and the importance of depth in structuring AEB cold-seep communities are the major conclusions of this study. The hydrothermal vent sites along the Mid Atlantic Ridge (MAR) did not appear as “stepping stones” for dispersal of the AEB seep fauna, however, the south MAR and off axis regions should be further explored to more fully test this hypothesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biogeography and Potential Exchanges Among the Atlantic Equatorial Belt Cold-Seep Faunas

et al. 2010

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“…The discovery of a large active pockmark area (depth, 3,150 m) on the Gabon margin (southeast Atlantic) (28) provided the opportunity to study a possible new Bathymodiolus species (R. von Cosel, personal communication). Mussels up to 175 mm long form dense beds and dominate the macrofaunal community at this site (3). In this study, the morphology of symbiotic bacteria in this Bathymodiolus sp.…”

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confidence: 81%

Dual Symbiosis in a Bathymodiolus sp. Mussel from a Methane Seep on the Gabon Continental Margin (Southeast Atlantic): 16S rRNA Phylogeny and Distribution of the Symbionts in Gills

Duperron

Nadalig

Caprais

et al. 2005

Appl Environ Microbiol

161

134

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Deep-sea mussels of the genus Bathymodiolus (Bivalvia: Mytilidae) harbor symbiotic bacteria in their gills and are among the dominant invertebrate species at cold seeps and hydrothermal vents. An undescribed Bathymodiolus species was collected at a depth of 3,150 m in a newly discovered cold seep area on the southeast Atlantic margin, close to the Zaire channel. Transmission electron microscopy, comparative 16S rRNA analysis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization indicated that this Bathymodiolus sp. lives in a dual symbiosis with sulfide-and methane-oxidizing bacteria. A distinct distribution pattern of the symbiotic bacteria in the gill epithelium was observed, with the thiotrophic symbiont dominating the apical region and the methanotrophic symbiont more abundant in the basal region of the bacteriocytes. No variations in this distribution pattern or in the relative abundances of the two symbionts were observed in mussels collected from three different mussel beds with methane concentrations ranging from 0.7 to 33.7 M. The 16S rRNA sequence of the methanotrophic symbiont is most closely related to those of known methanotrophic symbionts from other bathymodiolid mussels. Surprisingly, the thiotrophic Bathymodiolus sp. 16S rRNA sequence does not fall into the monophyletic group of sequences from thiotrophic symbionts of all other Bathymodiolus hosts. While these mussel species all come from vents, this study describes the first thiotrophic sequence from a seep mussel and shows that it is most closely related (99% sequence identity) to an environmental clone sequence obtained from a hydrothermal plume near Japan.

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“…The organic matter of the turbiditic overflow has a strong terrigenous signal, and its influence is visible in the total organic carbon content as well as in the n-alcohol composition (Treignier et al, 2006). Andersen et al, 2004). The distribution of these symbiont-bearing megafauna is controlled by the substrate and the present methane concentrations in seawater.…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep-sea habitat heterogeneity influence on meiofaunal communities in the Gulf of Guinea

Gaever

Galéron

Sibuet

et al. 2009

Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography

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To estimate the degree of spatial heterogeneity of benthic deep-sea communities, we carried out a multiple-scale (from m's to 200 km) investigation in the Congo-Angola margins (Equatorial West African margin, 3150-4800 m) in which we examined the metazoan meiofauna at a variety of habitats along the Congo Channel system and in the associated cold seep. We investigate the structure, density, vertical distribution patterns in the sediment and biomass of meiofaunal communities in the Gulf of Guinea and how they are controlled by hydrologic and biogeochemical processes. The meiofaunal communities in the Gulf of Guinea were shaped by heterogeneous conditions on the margin, and reflect the multiple-scale spatial variability that corresponds with different identified habitats. The two control sites, located at >100 km away from the canyon, were inhabited by very dense and the most diverse meiobenthic communities. Similar meiobenthic communities inhabited the transition zone between the canyon and the cold seep. Sites located along the Congo Channel were obviously affected by the local high-velocity bottom currents and unstable sedimentary conditions in this active submarine system. Extremely low meiobenthic densities and very low proportions in the most surficial sediment layers provided evidence for recently highly disturbed sediments at these sites. The ROV Victor 6000 provided images of the cold seep, showing a patchy distribution of several types of patchy distributed megafaunal communities dominated by three key symbiotic taxa (Mytilidae, Vesicomyidae and Siboglinidae). These cold seep sediments were colonised by a unique meiobenthic community, characterised by a high small-scale (m's) patchiness, low species richness and the prominent dominance of two large-sized nematode species: Sabatieria mortenseni, which is a cosmopolitan nematode known from littoral habitats, and an undescribed Desmodora species. The high individual body weight of Sabatieria mortenseni and its dominance at the cold seep site resulted in a significantly higher nematode biomass at the seep compared to the surrounding sites. In addition, the vertical A c c e p t e d m a n u s c r i p t 2 nematode profiles, with maximum proportions in subsurficial layers, points to a chemosynthesis-based meiobenthic community in this cold seep, in contrast to the phytodetritus-based communities at the control sites and at the transition zone.

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Escarpia southwardae sp. nov., a new species of vestimentiferan tubeworm (Annelida, Siboglinidae) from West African cold seeps

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Biogeography and Potential Exchanges Among the Atlantic Equatorial Belt Cold-Seep Faunas

Biogeography and Potential Exchanges Among the Atlantic Equatorial Belt Cold-Seep Faunas

Dual Symbiosis in a Bathymodiolus sp. Mussel from a Methane Seep on the Gabon Continental Margin (Southeast Atlantic): 16S rRNA Phylogeny and Distribution of the Symbionts in Gills

Deep-sea habitat heterogeneity influence on meiofaunal communities in the Gulf of Guinea

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