Erysiphe elevata (syn. Microsphaera elevata), a new North American powdery mildew fungus in Europe infecting Catalpa bignonioides trees

Vajna, L.; Fischl, Géza; Kiss, Levente

doi:10.1111/j.0032-0862.2004.00979.x

Cited by 20 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…As these are the first submitted to GenBank, comparison with other E. elevata isolates was not possible. The Wisley material was virtually identical to E. elevata collected in 2002 in both Hungary and Wisconsin, USA, supporting the contention that E. elevata has only recently spread to Europe from the USA (Vajna et al ., 2004).…”

supporting

confidence: 64%

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First record of Erysiphe elevata on Catalpa bignonioides in the UK

Cook¹,

Henricot²,

Kiss³

2004

Plant Pathology

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In 2002, a powdery mildew caused extensive patches of fine white bloom on the upper surfaces of leaves of a mature Indian bean tree ( Catalpa bignonioides ) in the Royal Horticultural Society's Garden, Wisley. In the absence of chasmothecia (ascomata), the assumed pathogen was Erysiphe catalpae , already known in Britain. However, in October 2003, abundant chasmothecia appeared with branched Microsphaera -like appendages, unlike the simple ones of E. catalpae . It conformed to E. elevata (syn. Microsphaera elevata ), previously only known in North America (Braun, 1984), but now reported in Hungary (Vajna et al ., 2004). The appressoria were mostly single and conspicuously lobed, some being paired, simple and kidney-shaped. Somewhat flexuous foot cells, 18-34 × 5-9 µ m, bore one to two other cells, 12-22 × 5-10 µ m. Cylindrical to elliptical conidia, 21-32 (43) × 9-16 (18) µ m (smaller than E. catalpae ), matured singly, being typical of Oidium subgen. Pseudoidium , the anamorph of Erysiphe. Scattered or grouped chasmothecia, diameter 95-132 µ m, bore four to eight (rarely one) equatorial appendages, 360-700 × 6 µ m (up to 9 µ m wide at the base), becoming flexuous in the upper half, but with bases stiff and straight, hyaline or brownish, thick-walled with a rough surface, occasionally with a septum close to the fruiting body. Their apices branched dichotomously, one to four times, with simple or knob-like tips when sparsely branched, but recurved when more complex, compact or widely forked. Chasmothecia contained three to eight short stalked asci, 45 -63 × 25 -39 µ m with four to six elliptical ascospores, 16 -20 × 8-11 µ m.

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supporting

confidence: 64%

“…It conformed to E. elevata (syn. Microsphaera elevata ), previously only known in North America (Braun, 1984), but now reported in Hungary (Vajna et al ., 2004). The appressoria were mostly single and conspicuously lobed, some being paired, simple and kidney‐shaped.…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

First record of Erysiphe elevata on Catalpa bignonioides in the UK

Cook¹,

Henricot²,

Kiss³

2004

Plant Pathology

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“…Some of these species, such as E. necator, E. arcuata and E. symphoricarpi , did not produce chasmothecia for many years/decades following their introduction to a new environment, while their sexual reproduction remained unchanged in their native areas (Kiss et al ., 2002). In other invasive powdery mildew species, such as E. elevata and E. flexuosa , sexual reproduction was not affected by spread to a new continent (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2000; Vajna et al ., 2004). In lilac powdery mildew, however, the recent increase in the production of chasmothecia is not the result of a change in the reproductive system of a single species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, a number of powdery mildew species were reported for the first time in Europe; these included Erysiphe azaleae infecting rhododendron ( Rhododendron spp.) (Ing, 2000; Inman et al ., 2000; Heluta et al ., 2004), E. flexuosa infecting horse chestnut ( Aesculus hippocastanum ) (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2000; Heluta & Voytyuk, 2004; Kiss et al ., 2004), E. elevata on Catalpa bignonioides (Ale‐Agha et al ., 2004; Vajna et al ., 2004; Cook et al ., 2006) and E. symphoricarpi on snowberry ( Symphoricarpos albus ) (Kiss et al ., 2002; Szentiványi et al ., 2004). All these fungi are thought to have been introduced from North America to Europe (Kiss, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

et al. 2008

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A preliminary analysis demonstrated that the powdery mildew fungus infecting Syringa spp. (lilacs) in different parts of the world is divided into two groups (S-type and K-type) based on the nucleotide sequences of the rDNA ITS regions. In spite of the marked genetic differences (only c . 94% similarity between ITS types), fungi belonging to these two ITS groups are difficult to distinguish based on morphological characteristics. To determine their geographical distribution, ITS haplotypes were determined for a total of 139 powdery mildew specimens collected in Asia, Europe and North and South America between 1977. Curiously, until 1990, only the S-type was found in Europe, whilst the K-type prevailed in East Asia. The first European specimen belonging to the K-type was collected in Ukraine in 1991. Other European K-type samples were collected in Lithuania and Switzerland in 2000, and in other countries after 2002. The incidence of the S-type decreased rapidly in Europe after the 1990s. This result strongly suggests that the K-type was introduced to Europe from East Asia in the 1990s and expanded from Eastern Europe westward, replacing the S-type present on the European lilacs. The K-type produces abundant chasmothecia (sexual fruiting bodies), whereas chasmothecia on the S-type are rare in Europe and East Asia. It is likely that the recent abundant production of chasmothecia on Syringa spp. in Central Europe is explained by the migration of the K-type to Europe.

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“…In Europe, E. catalpae is the common Catalpa-specific PM (Ale-Agha et al, 2004;Braun, 1987). However, E. elevata was recently reported in Hungary (Vajna et al, 2004) and is currently spreading in Europe (Ale-Agha et al, 2004; Cook et al, 2004).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Susceptibility of Catalpa, Chilopsis, and Hybrids to Powdery Mildew and Catalpa Sphinx Larvae

Olsen¹,

Ranney²,

Hodges³

2006

HortSci

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A diverse collection of germplasm representing 24 taxa from Catalpa sect. Catalpa Paclt and sect. Macrocatalpa Grisebach, Chilopsis D. Don, and ×Chitalpa Elias & Wisura were screened for susceptibility to powdery mildew (PM) incited by Erysiphe elevata (Burr.) U. Braun & S. Takam and feeding by catalpa sphinx larvae (CSL), Ceratomia catalpae (Boisduval). PM screening was conducted on plants grown in a lathhouse (50% shade) in 2004 and a gravel pad (100% sun) in 2005. The PM causal organism was identified as E. elevata both years. Disease incidence and severity were recorded at 2-week intervals for 6 weeks and used to calculate area under the disease progress curves (AUDPC) for each year. North American Catalpa in sect. Catalpa, Chilopsis, and ×Chitalpa taxa were all moderately to highly susceptible to PM. Chinese Catalpa in sect. Catalpa and West Indian species in sect. Macrocatalpa were resistant to PM. Hybrids between North American and Chinese Catalpa in sect. Catalpa varied in susceptibility, indicating transmission of partial resistance to PM. No differences in survival or growth were found in a no-choice feeding study with CSL reared on taxa from Chilopsis, ×Chitalpa, or either section of Catalpa. Future breeding of ×Chitalpa can use sources of PM resistance identified in this study, but a source of resistance to CSL was not found.

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Erysiphe elevata (syn. Microsphaera elevata), a new North American powdery mildew fungus in Europe infecting Catalpa bignonioides trees

Cited by 20 publications

References 1 publication

First record of Erysiphe elevata on Catalpa bignonioides in the UK

First record of Erysiphe elevata on Catalpa bignonioides in the UK

Molecular evidence in support of recent migration of a powdery mildew fungus on Syringa spp. into Europe from East Asia

Susceptibility of Catalpa, Chilopsis, and Hybrids to Powdery Mildew and Catalpa Sphinx Larvae

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