<i>ERF4</i>affects fruit firmness through TPL4 by reducing ethylene production

Hu, Yanan; Han, Zhenyun; Sun, Yaqiang; Wang, Shuai; Wang, Ting; Wang, Yi; Xu, Kenong; Zhang, Xinzhong; Xu, Xuefeng; Han, Zhenhai; Wu, Ting

doi:10.1111/tpj.14884

Cited by 60 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Low temperatures clearly induced the expression of both genes, with peak MdACS1 and MdACO1 transcription levels detected at 8 h (about 10‐fold) and 12 h (about 6‐fold), respectively, followed by a gradual decrease (Figure 2b). The following six TFs have been identified as important regulators associated with the ethylene synthesis: MdEIL1 (An et al ., 2018a), MdERF1 (Wang et al ., 2007), MdERF1B (Zhang et al ., 2018), MdERF2 (Wang et al ., 2007), MdERF3 (Li et al ., 2016), and MdERF4 (Hu et al ., 2020). As shown in Figure 2(b), cold stress treatment upregulated the transcription of MdEIL1 , MdERF1B , MdERF2 , and MdERF3 to varying degrees.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because several ERF TFs can link ethylene production with stress responses (An et al ., 2018b; Hu et al ., 2020; Li et al ., 2016; Zhang and Huang, 2010), we further verified whether MdERF1B regulated ethylene production in apple. The expression levels of MdACO1 and MdERF3 were obviously higher in the MdERF1B‐OX calli than in the WT calli (Figure 7a).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ethylene increases the cold tolerance of apple via the MdERF1B–MdCIbHLH1 regulatory module

et al. 2021

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Cold stress has always been a major abiotic factor affecting the yield and quality of temperate fruit crops. Ethylene plays a critical regulatory role in the cold stress response, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we revealed that ethylene positively modulates apple responses to cold stress. Treatment with 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (an ethylene precursor) and aminoethoxyvinylglycine (an ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor) respectively increased and decreased the cold tolerance of apple seedlings. Consistent with the positive effects of ethylene on cold stress responses, a low-temperature treatment rapidly induced ethylene release and the expression of MdERF1B, which encodes an ethylene signaling activator, in apple seedlings. Overexpression of MdERF1B significantly increased the cold tolerance of apple plant materials (seedlings and calli) and Arabidopsis thaliana seedlings. A quantitative realtime PCR analysis indicated that MdERF1B upregulates the expression of the cold-responsive gene MdCBF1 in apple seedlings. Moreover, MdCIbHLH1, which functions upstream of CBF-dependent pathways, enhanced the binding of MdERF1B to target gene promoters as well as the consequent transcriptional activation. The stability of MdERF1B-MdCIbHLH1 was affected by cold stress and ethylene. Furthermore, MdERF1B interacted with the promoters of two genes critical for ethylene biosynthesis, MdACO1 and MdERF3. The resulting upregulated expression of these genes promoted ethylene production. However, the downregulated MdCIbHLH1 expression in MdERF1B-overexpressing apple calli significantly inhibited ethylene production. These findings imply that MdERF1B-MdCIbHLH1 is a potential regulatory module that integrates the cold and ethylene signaling pathways in apple.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ethylene increases the cold tolerance of apple via the MdERF1B–MdCIbHLH1 regulatory module

et al. 2021

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“…The existence of ERF with negative regulation might balance the speed of fruit ripening, which prevents the fruit from ripening too quickly, and is helpful for attracting animals to disperse seeds. In addition, MdERF4 binds to the MdERF3 promoter and represses its expression [29]. A mutation (C-G) was identified in the ethylene response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif of the MdERF4 coding region.…”

Section: Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

“…A mutation (C-G) was identified in the ethylene response factor-associated amphiphilic repression (EAR) motif of the MdERF4 coding region. The EAR mutation of MdERF4 leads to reduced inhibition of MdERF3 expression, which in turn promotes ethylene biosynthesis [29].…”

Section: Ethylenementioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Phytohormone Regulation of Apple-Fruit Ripening

Wang

2021

Plants

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Apple (Malus domestica) is, globally, one of the largest fruits in terms of cultivated area and yield. Apple fruit is generally marketed after storage, which is of great significance for regulating the market supply in the off-season of fruit production. Apple-fruit ripening, which culminates in desirable changes in structural and textural properties, is governed by a complex regulatory network. Much is known about ethylene as one of the most important factors promoting apple-fruit ripening. However, the dynamic interplay between phytohormones also plays an important part in apple-fruit ripening. Here, we review and evaluate the complex regulatory network concerning the action of phytohormones during apple-fruit ripening. Interesting future research areas are discussed.

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“…This results revealed that all 13 genes displayed the same trend, and the Pearson correlation coefficient between RNA-seq and qRT-PCR data was 0.92 (P < 0.0001), indicating that the RNA-seq was reliable (Supplementary Figure 4). The TPL/TPR family of co-repressors functions as a central regulatory hub regulating all nine phytohormone pathways and controlling plant development, including meristem maintenance, fruit ripening, and anthocyanin accumulation (Gallavotti et al, 2010;Fukazawa et al, 2014;Hao et al, 2014;Qu et al, 2019;Hu et al, 2020). As TPL proteins lack DNA-binding activity, they are incorporated into transcription complexes by interacting with transcription factors to repress gene expression in various processes (Causier et al, 2012(Causier et al, , 2014.…”

Section: Validation Of Rna-seq Data By Qrt-pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%

SlTPL1 Silencing Induces Facultative Parthenocarpy in Tomato

Song

Zhu

et al. 2021

Front. Plant Sci.

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Facultative parthenocarpy is of great practical value. However, the molecular mechanism underlying facultative parthenocarpy remains elusive. Transcriptional co-repressors (TPL) act as a central regulatory hub controlling all nine phytohormone pathways. Previously, we proved that SlTPLs participate in the auxin signaling pathway by interacting with auxin/indole acetic acid (Aux/IAAs) in tomato; however, their function in fruit development has not been studied. In addition to their high expression levels during flower development, the interaction between SlTPL1 and SlIAA9 stimulated the investigation of its functional significance via RNA interference (RNAi) technology, whereby the translation of a protein is prevented by selective degradation of its encoded mRNA. Down-regulation of SlTPL1 resulted in facultative parthenocarpy. Plants of SlTPL1-RNAi transgenic lines produced similar fruits which did not show any pleiotropic effects under normal conditions. However, they produced seedless fruits upon emasculation and under heat stress conditions. Furthermore, SlTPL1-RNAi flower buds contained higher levels of cytokinins and lower levels of abscisic acid. To reveal how SlTPL1 regulates facultative parthenocarpy, RNA-seq was performed to identify genes regulated by SlTPL1 in ovaries before and after fruit set. The results showed that down-regulation of SlTPL1 resulted in reduced expression levels of cytokinin metabolism-related genes, and all transcription factors such as MYB, CDF, and ERFs. Conversely, down-regulation of SlTPL1 induced the expression of genes related to cell wall and cytoskeleton organization. These data provide novel insights into the molecular mechanism of facultative tomato parthenocarpy and identify SlTPL1 as a key factor regulating these processes.

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ERF4affects fruit firmness through TPL4 by reducing ethylene production

Cited by 60 publications

References 56 publications

Ethylene increases the cold tolerance of apple via the MdERF1B–MdCIbHLH1 regulatory module

Ethylene increases the cold tolerance of apple via the MdERF1B–MdCIbHLH1 regulatory module

Recent Advances in Phytohormone Regulation of Apple-Fruit Ripening

SlTPL1 Silencing Induces Facultative Parthenocarpy in Tomato

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