<i>Entamoeba histolytica</i>: Host parasite interactions at the colonic epithelium

Cornick, Steve; Chadee, Kris

doi:10.1080/21688370.2017.1283386

Cited by 56 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 100 publications

(92 reference statements)

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“…Entamoeba histolytica is a eukaryotic parasite responsible for amoebiasis, a disease of global relevance. Every year about 50,000 people die from this disease, and 30–50 million people also suffer from amoebic dysentery, colitis, and amoebic liver abscess . Another species of amoeba, E. dispar , is a very close relative of E. histolytica.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Amoebiasis is a disease of global importance, caused by the eukaryotic parasite Entamoeba histolytica . It is the most common worldwide cause of mortality from a protozoan after malaria, killing around 50,000 people each year, and causing 30–50 million cases of amoebic dysentery, colitis, and amoebic liver abscess, particularly among people living in areas of poor sanitation, because the parasite is transmitted via a fecal–oral route . A close nonpathogenic relative of E. histolytica is Entamoeba dispar , an amoeba morphologically indistinguishable from E. histolytica by microscopic analysis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica, but not Entamoeba dispar, induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation

Fonseca

Uribe‐Querol

Díaz-Godínez

et al. 2019

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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Amoebiasis is an infection of global importance, caused by the eukaryotic parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Pathogenic E. histolytica is associated worldwide with over a million cases of amoebic dysentery, colitis, and amoebic liver abscess. In contrast, the nonpathogenic Entamoeba dispar does not cause these diseases, although it is commonly found in the same areas as pathogenic amoeba. Entamoeba histolytica infection is usually associated with infiltrating neutrophils. These neutrophils appear to play a defensive role against this parasite, by mechanisms not completely understood. Recently, our group reported that neutrophil extracellular traps (NET) are produced in response to E. histolytica trophozoites. But, there is no information on whether nonpathogenic E. dispar can also induce NET formation. In this report, we explored the possibility that E. dispar leads to NET formation. Neutrophils were stimulated by E. histolytica trophozoites or by E. dispar trophozoites, and NET formation was assessed by video microscopy. NET induced by E. histolytica were important for trapping and killing amoebas. In contrast, E. dispar did not induce NET formation in any condition. Also E. dispar did not induce neutrophil degranulation or reactive oxygen species production. In addition, E. histolytica‐induced NET formation required alive amoebas and it was inhibited by galactose, N‐acetylgalactosamine, and lactose. These data show that only alive pathogenic E. histolytica activates neutrophils to produce NET, and suggest that recognition of the parasite involves a carbohydrate with an axial HO‐ group at carbon 4 of a hexose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica, but not Entamoeba dispar, induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation

Fonseca

Uribe‐Querol

Díaz-Godínez

et al. 2019

Journal of Leukocyte Biology

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“…The reason of this degeneration is the ability of trophozoites to attach and lyse the epithelial layer of the intestine through the Gal/GalNAc lectin. In addition, a certain enzyme might be involved in increasing the risk of a parasite's invasion, for example, sialidase which is Nacetylgalactosamidase and it is essential for removing a polysaccharide from mucin cells (Cornick and Chadee 2017). This removal allows the trophozoite to lyse the protective mucous layer and gradually penetrate the epithelial layer of the colon.…”

Section: Histological Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Histopathological study of invasive and non-invasive Entamoeba spp. in experimental rats

2019

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Background: The genus Entamoeba has many species that are invasive or non-invasive (E. histolytica, E. dispar, and E. moshkovskii).The invasive E. histolytica is the main pathogenic amoeba in human. Amoebiasis involves several stages starting with the adherence of the parasite to the intestinal epithelium, followed by degradation, tissue invasion, and distribution to other organs. Results: The current study investigates the pathological changes of Entamoeba spp. infection in both rectum and cecum of experimental rats. The results showed the histological changes at the 7th, 14th, and 28th day post-infection for the three species. E. histolytica and E. moshkovskii infection showed less pathological changes compared to E. histolytica. These changes include the attachment of the trophozoites to the mucosal layer, significant surface epithelial changes such as dissociation and degeneration in the mucosal layer, and ulceration of the apical surface. Inflammatory cells infiltrate the varied regions, extending into the deep mucosa causing mild architectural alterations. These are features of amoebiasis. Conclusion: The pathological changes reported in E. dispar and E. moshkovskii were less severe than E. histolytica.

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“…The factors responsible for the different clinical outcomes are largely unknown. However, E. histolytica virulence depends on adherence and subsequent destruction of the mucus barrier, followed by invasion through the mucosa . E. histolytica excretory–secretory products (ESP), which degrade mucosal cells, might be crucial for invasion.…”

Section: Secretory Proteins Showing Significant Changes Between Pathomentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, E. histolytica virulence depends on adherence and subsequent destruction of the mucus barrier, followed by invasion through the mucosa. [2] E. histolytica excretory-secretory products (ESP), which degrade mucosal cells, [3] might be crucial for invasion. A proteome analysis of HM-1:IMSS ESP shows that diverse multifunctional carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes constitute approximately 27% of the total proteins and play major roles during colonization and evasion from the host defensive system.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/pmic201700341mentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Secretome Profile of Pathogenic and Non‐Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica

et al. 2018

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The obligatory intracellular protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica causes amebic dysentery and liver abscess. E. histolytica adheres to the host tissues in a contact-dependent manner. E. histolytica excretory-secretory products (ESP) might play critical roles during invasion. We comparatively analyzed the secretome profile of E. histolytica pathogenic HM-1:IMSS and non-pathogenic Rahman strains. The two ESP revealed similar but distinct spotting patterns. In both ESP, alcohol dehydrogenase, enolase 1, and transketolase, which control classical carbohydrate metabolism and other moonlighting effects, constituted the most abundant fractions. We recognized differently secreted molecules. Secretion of cytoskeletal organization proteins (actin, actin binding protein, and EHI_068510), protein remodeling amino peptidase, and multifunctional elongation factor 1-α were increased in Rahman. Conversely, carbohydrate metabolizing enolase 1, alcohol dehydrogenase, transketolase, calponin, phosphoglucose mutase, malic enzyme and EHI_156420, xenobiotic scavenging superoxide dismutase and EHI_140740, and pyruvate:ferredoxin oxidoreductase and coronin (carbohydrate metabolism/detoxification) showed reduced secretion. Transcription levels of some genes involved in these processes also decreased. Changes of secretory behavior, especially decreased secretion of multifunctional carbohydrate metabolizing enzymes and detoxifying proteins that importantly participated in amoeba pathogenesis might reflect avirulent nature of Rahman strain in the host.

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Entamoeba histolytica: Host parasite interactions at the colonic epithelium

Cited by 56 publications

References 100 publications

Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica, but not Entamoeba dispar, induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation

Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica, but not Entamoeba dispar, induce neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation

Histopathological study of invasive and non-invasive Entamoeba spp. in experimental rats

Comparison of Secretome Profile of Pathogenic and Non‐Pathogenic Entamoeba histolytica

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