<i>EGFR</i>
            mutations in lung cancer: from tissue testing to liquid biopsy

Fenizia, Francesca; Luca, Antonella De; Pasquale, Raffaella; Sacco, Alessandra; Forgione, Laura; Lambiase, Matilde; Iannaccone, Alessia; Chicchinelli, Nicoletta; Franco, Renato; Rossi, Antonio; Morabito, Alessandro; Rocco, Gaetano; Piccirillo, Maria Carmela; Normanno, Nicola

doi:10.2217/fon.15.23

Cited by 84 publications

(73 citation statements)

References 74 publications

(44 reference statements)

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“…At present, only ctDNA-based liquid biopsy has been implemented in routine clinical practice along with European Union approval of EGFR mutation testing for patients with nonsmall-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). The IFUM (Gefitinib [IRESSA] Follow-Up Measure) trial, the European study that led to this approval, reported a sensitivity of 65.7% and a specificity of 99.8% of the approach using a real-time method [25,26]. Further clinical studies are currently ongoing to evaluate whether ctDNA-based liquid biopsy could be exploited for RAS mutation detection in patients with metastatic colorectal carcinoma (CRC).…”

Section: Liquid Biopsy For Genotyping Cancers In the Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Biopsies for Monitoring Temporal Genomic Heterogeneity in Breast and Colon Cancers

et al. 2017

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Cancer is a spatial and temporal dynamic disease where differently evolving genetic clones are responsible for progression. In this landscape, the genomic heterogeneity of the primary tumours can be captured by deep-sequencing representative spatial samples. However, the recognition of genetic alterations responsible for tumour evolution remains a challenging task. Recently, the “liquid biopsy” was recognized as a powerful real-time approach for the molecular monitoring of this dynamic disease. The term “liquid biopsy” generally refers to the use of circulating (cell-free) tumour DNA (ctDNA) and circulating tumour cells (CTCs) as non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring of clinical progression, and response to treatment in different types of tumours, including the highly genomic heterogeneous breast cancer. The implementation and standardization of both approaches are still needed to achieve the required sensitivity and specificity to successfully analyze heterogenous tumours, but pivotal studies, in particular those concerning colorectal cancer, have shown the feasibility and usefulness of liquid biopsy for monitoring the Darwinian clonal evolution from an early to a metastatic stage.

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Section: Liquid Biopsy For Genotyping Cancers In the Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid Biopsies for Monitoring Temporal Genomic Heterogeneity in Breast and Colon Cancers

et al. 2017

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“…Cells with this type of TAA will have little chance for immune editing and tumor escape because it is critical for the survival of the tumor [22,23]. Epidermal growth factor receptor variant III (EGFRvIII) fits these parameters and is an oncogenic variant frequently expressed in glioma, lung cancer, and many other types of cancer [24,25]. However, few TAAs meet the criteria, and the majority of targeted antigens are only overexpressed in comparison to normal tissues, which raises concerns about 'on-target, off-tumor' side effects [26,27].…”

Section: Antigen Selection and Binding Domainmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fortunately, a number of surface molecules on solid tumors have been discovered, such as folate receptor-α (FR-α) [83], carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) [84,85], HER2 [29,86], EGFR [12,14], EGFRvIII [24,87], prostate stem cell antigen (PSCA) [51], prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) [88], fibroblast activation protein (FAP) [89], carbonic anhydrase IX (CAIX) [26,76], disialoganglioside (GD2) [18], mesothelin [90,91], and IL13Rα2 [34], and some were evaluated in patients with advanced stage solid tumors (table 1). However, early attempts with first-generation CARs for solid tumors did not yield promising results.…”

Section: Clinical Trials Of Carts For Solid Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

CARTs for Solid Tumors: Feasible or Infeasible?

Song²,

Jin

et al. 2017

Oncol Res Treat

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Adoptive transfer of chimeric antigen receptor-engineered T cells (CARTs) is a novel approach to cancer therapy as CARTs combine with the antigen specificity of an antibody and the activating functions of T lymphocytes. Recent results from preclinical and clinical trials with CARTs for B-cell malignancies are exciting, although different groups selected different tumor-associated antigens, binding domains, and signal domains, which make up the chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) configuration. However, there are few clinical trials with CARTs for solid tumors compared to hematologic malignancies. In this brief review, we discuss the basic principles of CAR design and clinical studies of CARTs for solid tumors.

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“…However, most NSCLC are not available to collect surgery specimens. CTCs and ctDNA released into the peripheral blood from metastatic deposits is an emerging strategy for NSCLC genotyping (Fenizia et al, 2015). Recently, EGFR mutations in urine and saliva samples have been detected with simpler techniques (Lin et al, 2015).…”

Section: Ctcs Vs Ctnamentioning

confidence: 99%

Liquid biopsies: tumour diagnosis and treatment monitoring

Pham

2016

Biomed Res Ther

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Abstract-Cancer is a disease with high evolutionary, i.e., malignant, characteristics that change under selective pressure from therapy. Characterization based on molecular or primary tumor properties or clinicopathological staging does not fully reflect the state of cancer, especially when cancer cells metastasize. This is the major reason for failure of cancer treatment. Currently, there is an urgent need for new approaches that allow more effective, but less invasive, monitoring of cancer status, thereby improving the efficacy of treatments. With recent technological advances, "liquid biopsies," the isolation of intact cells or analysis of components that are secreted from cells, such as nucleic acids or exosomes, could be implemented easily. This approach would facilitate real-time monitoring and accurate measurement of critical biomarkers. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the identification of circulating tumor cells using new high-resolution approaches and discuss new circulating tumor nucleic acid-and exosome-based approaches. The information obtained through liquid biopsies could be used to gain a better understanding of cancer cell invasiveness and metastatic competence, which would then benefit translational applications such as personalized medicine.

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EGFR mutations in lung cancer: from tissue testing to liquid biopsy

Cited by 84 publications

References 74 publications

Liquid Biopsies for Monitoring Temporal Genomic Heterogeneity in Breast and Colon Cancers

Liquid Biopsies for Monitoring Temporal Genomic Heterogeneity in Breast and Colon Cancers

CARTs for Solid Tumors: Feasible or Infeasible?

Liquid biopsies: tumour diagnosis and treatment monitoring

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