Edwardsiella piscicida: A versatile emerging pathogen of fish

Abstract

Edwardsiella piscicida is an Enterobacteriaceae that is abundant in water and causes food and waterborne infections in fish, animals, and humans. The bacterium causes Edwardsiellosis in farmed fish and can lead to severe economic losses in aquaculture worldwide. E. piscicida is an intracellular pathogen that can also cause systemic infection. Type III and type VI secretion systems are the bacterium's most lethal weapons against host defenses. It also possesses multiantibiotic resistant genes and is selected and enriched in the environment due to the overuse of antibiotics. Therefore, the bacterium has great potential to contribute to the evolution of the resistome. All these properties have made this bacterium a perfect model to study bacteria virulence mechanisms and the spread of antimicrobial genes in the environment. We summarize recent advance in E. piscicida biology and provide insights into future research in virulence mechanisms, vaccine development and novel therapeutics.

Glucose 6-phosphate transport regulatory protein UhpA regulates the virulent genes in Edwardsiella piscicida

“…On the other hand, a flagellar protein encoded by flgN and fliC plays an important role in the adhesion and the proptosis in E. piscicida respectively (11,23,24). Meanwhile, EsrA and EsrB are responsible for T3SS regulation in E. piscicida (2,9). Also, EvpB and EvpC proteins regulated iron-restricted conditions in vitro had a crucial role in the T6SS mediated pathogenesis of E. piscicida (12).…”

“…1. Introduction capsulated, motile, intracellular bacteria, which belong to an Enterobacteriaceae, Edwardsiella species, the old name was called as E. tarda (1,2). This bacterium could infect fish and move through the food chain to infect amphibians, reptiles, and birds, and humans, which particularly infects fish and causes large economic losses (3,4).…”

“…The pathogenesis of E. piscicida include many virulence factors such as the production of hemolysis (9,10), filament structural protein of flagellar (11), possession of type Ш secretion system (T3SS) (2,9), and type VI secretion system (T6SS) (12), production of growth metabolism (13,14), ability to adhere, invade, survive and replicate in host cells (2). Additionally, most of them were regulated by the two-component signal transduction system (TCS), such as UhpA/UhpB-UhpC, which enables the cell to acquire phosphorylated sugars from its environment that can be used as carbon or energy sources (15).…”

The Translocation and Assembly Module (TAM) of Edwardsiella tarda Is Essential for Stress Resistance and Host Infection

“…Edwardsiella tarda is a Gram-negative bacterium of the family Enterobacteriaceae . It is an important pathogen that causes systemic infection in a wide variety of marine and freshwater fish as well as other hosts, including birds, reptiles, and mammals ( Mohanty and Sahoo, 2007 ; Leung et al, 2012 , 2019 ). In aquaculture, E. tarda -induced edwardsiellosis in many fish species has led to heavy economic losses in Asia, United States, and Europe ( Castro et al, 2006 ; Nelson et al, 2009 ; Park et al, 2012 ).…”

Identification and study of InV as an inverse autotransporter family representative in Edwardsiella piscicida

“…Edwardsiella piscicida, phylogenetically close to other model enteric pathogens such as pathogenic E. coli, Shigella and Salmonella species (Yang et al 2012), is a bacterial pathogen with broad host (Xiao et al 2008). E. piscicida mainly affects freshwater and marine animals, causing edwardsiellosis in over 20 fish species and resulting in large economic losses in the aquaculture industry worldwide (Leotta et al 2009;Green 2010;Park et al 2012;Leung et al 2019). In our previous study, sequencing of the complete genome of a typical highly virulent E. piscicida strain EIB202 was accomplished (Wang et al 2009).…”