<i>Debaryomyces hansenii</i> — an extremophilic yeast with biotechnological potential

Breuer, Uta; Harms, Hauke

doi:10.1002/yea.1374

Cited by 268 publications

(191 citation statements)

References 173 publications

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“…This organism is able to grow in high salt Each cheese named represents a distinct type and manufacturer. Manufacturers from whom multiple cheeses were purchased are indicated as A-F. A cheese was purchased and sampled from 1 to 4 times, depending on availability ** Fungus was not detected concentrations and low pH, can use lactate as the main carbon source [15], produces proteolytic and lipolytic enzymes capable of metabolizing milk proteins and fat, and grows at low temperature and low water activity [8,52]. The majority of D. hansenii isolates were highly similar (Figure 1), and no clear clustering by cheese, type, manufacturer, or date was detected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Yeast and Mold Species from a Variety of Cheese Types

2015

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To generate a comprehensive profile of viable fungi (yeasts and molds) on cheese as it is purchased by consumers, 44 types of cheese were obtained from a local grocery store from 1 to 4 times each (depending on availability) and sampled. Pure cultures were obtained and identified by DNA sequence of the ITS region, as well as growth characteristics and colony morphology. The yeast Debaryomyces hansenii was the most abundant fungus, present in 79 % of all cheeses and 63 % of all samples. Penicillium roqueforti was the most common mold, isolated from a variety of cheeses in addition to the blue cheeses. Eighteen other fungal species were isolated, ten from only one sample each. Most fungi isolated have been documented from dairy products; a few raise potential food safety concerns (i.e. Aspergillus flavus, isolated from a single sample and capable of producing aflatoxins; and Candida parapsilosis, an emerging human pathogen isolated from three cheeses). With the exception of D. hansenii (present in most cheese) and P. roqueforti (a necessary component of blue cheese), no strong correlation was observed between cheese type, manufacturer, or sampling time with the yeast or mold species composition.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Yeast and Mold Species from a Variety of Cheese Types

2015

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“…Three species (Pichia stipitis, C. lusitaniae, and Debaromyces hansenii) are capable of sexual recombination resembling that of the fully sexual S. cerevisiae. Haploid cells are easily induced to mate and generate diploids, which then return to haploidy by meiosis or processes which lead to meiosis-like marker distributions (Breuer and Harms 2006;Reedy et al 2009;Bajwa et al 2010;Butler 2010). …”

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confidence: 99%

Selective Advantages of a Parasexual Cycle for the YeastCandida albicans

Zhang

Magee

et al. 2015

Genetics

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The yeast Candida albicans can mate. However, in the natural environment mating may generate progeny (fusants) fitter than clonal lineages too rarely to render mating biologically significant: C. albicans has never been observed to mate in its natural environment, the human host, and the population structure of the species is largely clonal. It seems incapable of meiosis, and most isolates are diploid and carry both mating-type-like (MTL) locus alleles, preventing mating. Only chromosome loss or localized loss of heterozygosity can generate mating-competent cells, and recombination of parental alleles is limited. To determine if mating is a biologically significant process, we investigated if mating is under selection. The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous mutations in mating genes and the frequency of mutations abolishing mating indicated that mating is under selection. The MTL locus is located on chromosome 5, and when we induced chromosome 5 loss in 10 clinical isolates, most of the resulting MTL-homozygotes could mate with each other, producing fusants. In laboratory culture, a novel environment favoring novel genotypes, some fusants grew faster than their parents, in which loss of heterozygosity had reduced growth rates, and also faster than their MTL-heterozygous ancestors-albeit often only after serial propagation. In a small number of experiments in which co-inoculation of an oral colonization model with MTL-homozygotes yielded small numbers of fusants, their numbers declined over time relative to those of the parents. Overall, our results indicate that mating generates genotypes superior to existing MTL-heterozygotes often enough to be under selection.KEYWORDS Candida albicans; mating; parasexual cycle; cryptic sexual cycle S EX is costly and disrupts well-adapted allele combinations. It can also be advantageous by speeding up adaptation or by purging deleterious mutations. It has been difficult to establish how, precisely, these and other benefits outweigh the cost of sex. Indeed, abandoning sex in favor of clonal reproduction can be advantageousasexual species arise frequently. Their life spans are short, however, indicating that sex may be essential for the long-term survival of species (Otto and Lenormand 2002;Rice 2002).Sexual cycles have not been observed for 20% of fungal species (Carlile et al. 2001). Whether these species are truly asexual or merely restrict the frequency of sex-a strategy believed to maximize its benefits (Heitman 2006)-is difficult to determine. Genetic marker distributions in such species often suggest limited recombination (Carlile et al. 2001). However, clonal reproduction will initially copy the genetic marker distributions that were generated by sex, and new mutations and genetic drift will only slowly erase evidence of past recombination (Schmid et al. 2004;Cox et al. 2013). With rare exceptions, fungi without observable sexual cycles are derived from recent sexual ancestors (Carlile et al. 2001;Schmid et al. 2004;Butler 2007). Thus genetic marker distributi...

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“…found in the pleural fluid is not clear, but this yeast is considered to be nonpathogenic, and is used in the food industry (Breuer andHarms 2006, Prista et al 2016). In the present case most likely it was an incidental contaminant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced multicentric lymphoma in a Belgian Draft Horse mare

Siegers¹,

Oosterbaan²,

Wollenberg³

et al. 2017

PHK

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Summary: A 15-year old draft horse mare was presented to the University Clinic for evaluation of lethargy, anorexia, ptyalism, weight loss and ventral oedema. Clinical examination and rectal palpation revealed generalised lymphadenopathy and numerous firm subcutaneous and abdominal masses of various sizes. Transcutaneous ultrasonography revealed significant bilateral pleural fluid accumulation and a single hypoechoic structure in the abdomen lateral to the liver. Blood analysis showed several abnormalities including a marked leucocytosis with an increased number of segmented neutrophils, atypical lymphocytes and monocytosis, suggestive of leukaemic lymphoma. A significant hyperproteinaemia with a hypoalbuminemia and a monoclonal gammopathy was identified. At necropsy myriad masses presented through the whole body. Histology confirmed the suspicion of lymphoma, which was classified as a T-cell rich B-cell multicentric lymphoma. This article describes the clinical and pathologic findings of this case of leukaemic lymphoma.

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Debaryomyces hansenii — an extremophilic yeast with biotechnological potential

Cited by 268 publications

References 173 publications

Diversity of Yeast and Mold Species from a Variety of Cheese Types

Diversity of Yeast and Mold Species from a Variety of Cheese Types

Selective Advantages of a Parasexual Cycle for the YeastCandida albicans

Advanced multicentric lymphoma in a Belgian Draft Horse mare

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