<i>Cylindropuntia chuckwallensis</i>(Cactaceae), a New Species from Riverside and Imperial Counties, California

Baker, Marc A.; Cloud-Hughes, Michelle A.

doi:10.3120/0024-9637-61.2.231

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…(). Morphological studies by Baker () and Baker and Cloud‐Hughes () also evidenced a non‐hybrid origin for C. multigeniculata . Likewise, our data do not support a putative hybrid derivation of C. abyssi from either C. acanthocarpa or C. bigelovii as has been suggested (Pinkava, ; Hunt et al., ), given that C. abyssi is not closely related to either of the two latter species.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

“…F.M.Knuth has been introduced widely into parts of South America (Ritter, ; Madsen, ; Anderson, ; Pinto and Kirkberg, ; Hunt, ; Ostolaza, ; Rodriguez et al., ). Cylindropuntia is the largest genus in the tribe, with ~39 species (Anderson, ; Pinkava, ; Baker and Cloud‐Hughes, ; Rebman, ); Grusonia (including Corynopuntia F.M.Knuth) is the second largest, with ~22 taxa (Pinkava, ; Rebman, ; Donati, , , , b; Fenstermacher, ); and Micropuntia is usually circumscribed as one species, M. pulchella (Engelm.) M.P.Griff.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…(packrats or woodrats; Thompson et al., ; Jansen, ; Van Devender, ; Betancourt et al., ), as well as their broad prehistoric and historical use by humans (Diguet, ; Bravo‐Hollis and Sánchez‐Mejorada, ; Felger and Moser, ; Minnis, ; Reinhard and Hevly, ; Hodgson, ; Riley, ). Lastly, the development of a robust diploid phylogeny will enable us to more rigorously test parentage of putative auto‐/allopolyploids in the group (see Baker and Pinkava, , , ; Mayer et al., , ; Pinkava, ; Baker and Cloud‐Hughes, ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics in Cactaceae: A case study using the chollas sensu lato (Cylindropuntieae, Opuntioideae) reveals a common pattern out of the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts

Majure

Baker

Cloud-Hughes³

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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Premise Although numerous phylogenetic studies have been conducted in Cactaceae, whole‐plastome datasets have not been employed. We used the chollas to develop a plastome dataset for phylogeny reconstruction to test species relationships, biogeography, clade age, and morphological evolution. Methods We developed a plastome dataset for most known diploid members of the chollas (42 taxa) as well as for other members of Cylindropuntieae. Paired‐end, raw reads from genome skimming were reference‐mapped onto a de novo plastome assembly of one species of cholla, Cylindropuntia bigelovii, and were used to build our plastome dataset, which was analyzed using various methods. Results Our plastome dataset resolved the phylogeny of the chollas, including most interspecific and intraspecific relationships. Tribe Cylindropuntieae arose ~18 mya, during the early Miocene in southern South America, and is supported as sister to the South American clade Tephrocacteae. The (Micropuntia (Cylindropuntia + Grusonia)) clade most likely originated in the Chihuahuan Desert region around 16 mya and then migrated into other North American desert regions. Key morphological characters for recognizing traditional taxonomic series in Cylindropuntia (e.g., spiny fruit) are mostly homoplasious. Conclusions This study provides the first comprehensive plastome phylogeny for any clade within Cactaceae. Although the chollas s.l. are widespread throughout western North American deserts, their most recent common ancestor likely arose in the Chihuahuan Desert region during the mid‐Miocene, with much of their species diversity arising in the early to mid‐Pliocene, a pattern strikingly similar to those found in other western North American desert groups.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Phylogenomics in Cactaceae: A case study using the chollas sensu lato (Cylindropuntieae, Opuntioideae) reveals a common pattern out of the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts

Majure

Baker

Cloud-Hughes³

et al. 2019

American J of Botany

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“…Interestingly, there does appear to be some correlation with polyploidy and dioecy in Cactaceae. Several hexaploid species of chollas ( Cylindropuntia ) are the only known dioecious species in the genus (Baker and Cloud‐Hughes, 2014; Baker and Pinkava, 2018). Six dioecious species of the genus Echinocereus are also known to be polyploid (Rebman, 2003; Baker, 2006; Hernández‐Cruz et al, 2018).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleistocene aridification underlies the evolutionary history of the Caribbean endemic, insular, giant Consolea (Opuntioideae)

Majure

Barrios

Díaz³

et al. 2021

American J of Botany

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Premise The Caribbean islands are in the top five biodiversity hotspots on the planet; however, the biogeographic history of the seasonally dry tropical forest (SDTF) there is poorly studied. Consolea consists of nine species of dioecious, hummingbird‐pollinated tree cacti endemic to the West Indies, which form a conspicuous element of the SDTF. Several species are threatened by anthropogenic disturbance, disease, sea‐level rise, and invasive species and are of conservation concern. However, no comprehensive phylogeny yet exists for the clade. Methods We reconstructed the phylogeny of Consolea, sampling all species using plastomic data to determine relationships, understand the evolution of key morphological characters, and test their biogeographic history. We estimated divergence times to determine the role climate change may have played in shaping the current diversity of the clade. Results Consolea appears to have evolved very recently during the latter part of the Pleistocene on Cuba/Hispaniola likely from a South American ancestor and, from there, moved into the Bahamas, Jamaica, Puerto Rico, Florida, and the Lesser Antilles. The tree growth form is a synapomorphy of Consolea and likely aided in the establishment and diversification of the clade. Conclusions Pleistocene aridification associated with glaciation likely played a role in shaping the current diversity of Consolea, and insular gigantism may have been a key innovation leading to the success of these species to invade the often‐dense SDTF. This in‐situ Caribbean radiation provides a window into the generation of species diversity and the complexity of the SDTF community within the Antilles.

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“…Anthony, 1956 (Pinkava and Parfitt 1988). The natural history of cacti has also involved karyotypic studies to clarify species boundaries, the correlation of geographic range with ploidy levels and morphology, and phylogenetic relationships (Beard 1937, Grant and Grant 1979, Parfitt 1987, Cid and Palomino 1996, Das 1999, Baker and Johnson 2000, Baker and Cloud-Hughes 2014, Stock et al 2014, Wellard 2016). Yet, there are still numerous cacti for which cytological information remains unknown.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variation in chromosome number and breeding systems: implications for diversification in Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae)

Gutiérrez-Flores¹,

Luz²,

León³

et al. 2018

CCG

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Polyploidy, the possession of more than two sets of chromosomes, is a major biological process affecting plant evolution and diversification. In the Cactaceae, genome doubling has also been associated with reproductive isolation, changes in breeding systems, colonization ability, and speciation. Pachycereus pringlei (S. Watson, 1885) Britton & Rose, 1909, is a columnar cactus that has long drawn the attention of ecologists, geneticists, and systematists due to its wide distribution range and remarkable assortment of breeding systems in the Mexican Sonoran Desert and the Baja California Peninsula (BCP). However, several important evolutionary questions, such as the distribution of chromosome numbers and whether the diploid condition is dominant over a potential polyploid condition driving the evolution and diversity in floral morphology and breeding systems in this cactus, are still unclear. In this study, we determined chromosome numbers in 11 localities encompassing virtually the entire geographic range of distribution of P. pringlei. Our data revealed the first diploid (2n = 22) count in this species restricted to the hermaphroditic populations of Catalana (ICA) and Cerralvo (ICE) Islands, whereas the tetraploid (2n = 44) condition is consistently distributed throughout the BCP and mainland Sonora populations distinguished by a non-hermaphroditic breeding system. These results validate a wider distribution of polyploid relative to diploid individuals and a shift in breeding systems coupled with polyploidisation. Considering that the diploid base number and hermaphroditism are the proposed ancestral conditions in Cactaceae, we suggest that ICE and ICA populations represent the relicts of a southern diploid ancestor from which both polyploidy and unisexuality evolved in mainland BCP, facilitating the northward expansion of this species. This cytogeographic distribution in conjunction with differences in floral attributes suggests the distinction of the diploid populations as a new taxonomic entity. We suggest that chromosome doubling in conjunction with allopatric distribution, differences in neutral genetic variation, floral traits, and breeding systems has driven the reproductive isolation, evolution, and diversification of this columnar cactus.

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Cylindropuntia chuckwallensis(Cactaceae), a New Species from Riverside and Imperial Counties, California

Cited by 9 publications

References 16 publications

Phylogenomics in Cactaceae: A case study using the chollas sensu lato (Cylindropuntieae, Opuntioideae) reveals a common pattern out of the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts

Phylogenomics in Cactaceae: A case study using the chollas sensu lato (Cylindropuntieae, Opuntioideae) reveals a common pattern out of the Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts

Pleistocene aridification underlies the evolutionary history of the Caribbean endemic, insular, giant Consolea (Opuntioideae)

Variation in chromosome number and breeding systems: implications for diversification in Pachycereus pringlei (Cactaceae)

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