<i>Cryptosporidium</i> in humans and animals—a one health approach to prophylaxis

Ryan, Una; Zahedi, Alireza; Paparini, Andrea

doi:10.1111/pim.12350

Cited by 208 publications

(162 citation statements)

References 230 publications

(467 reference statements)

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“…Ruminants are recognized as a significant reservoir of Giardia and Cryptosporidium taxa that infect animals and humans [19, 21]. Current data indicate that of the eight assemblages within Giardia duodenalis , assemblages A and E and the Cryptosporidium species C. parvum, C. andersoni, C. ryanae, and C. bovis predominate in cattle worldwide [4, 20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned dairy calves in central Sichuan province, China

et al. 2018

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Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. are common human and animal pathogens. They have increasingly been reported in dairy calves in recent years; however, multilocus genotyping information for G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium infecting pre-weaned dairy calves in southwestern China is limited. In the present study, the prevalence of G. duodenalis and Cryptosporidium spp. in pre-weaned dairy calves in central Sichuan province was determined and the pathogens were analyzed molecularly. Of 278 fecal samples from pre-weaned dairy calves, 26 (9.4%) were positive for G. duodenalis and 40 (14.4%) were positive for Cryptosporidium spp. Cryptosporidium bovis (n = 28), Cryptosporidium ryanae (n = 5) and Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 7) were detected. All seven C. parvum isolates were successfully subtyped based on the gp60 gene sequence, and only IIdA15G1 was detected. Multilocus sequence typing of G. duodenalis based on beta-giardin (bg), triose phosphate isomerase (tpi) and glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) genes revealed 19 different assemblage E multilocus genotypes (two known and 17 unpublished genotypes). Based on eBURST analysis, a high degree of genetic diversity within assemblage E was observed in pre-weaned dairy calves in Sichuan province. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study using multilocus sequence typing and eBURST analysis to characterize G. duodenalis in pre-weaned dairy calves in southwestern China.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned dairy calves in central Sichuan province, China

et al. 2018

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“…A birth cohort study conducted by a Global Network for the Study of Malnutrition and Enteric Diseases (MAL-ED) has assessed pathogen-specific burdens in diarrhoeal and non-diarrhoeal stool specimens from 2145 children aged 0-24 months in Africa, Asia and South America and also identified Cryptosporidium spp. as one of the five highest attributable burdens of diarrhoea in the first year of life (Platts-Mills et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2016). Globally, Cryptosporidiosis is estimated to be responsible for the majority of deaths among children under 5 years of age (Ryan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…as one of the five highest attributable burdens of diarrhoea in the first year of life (Platts-Mills et al, 2015;Ryan et al, 2016). Globally, Cryptosporidiosis is estimated to be responsible for the majority of deaths among children under 5 years of age (Ryan et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cryptosporidiosis in Ruminants: Update and Current Therapeutic Approaches

Dinler¹,

Ulutaş²

2017

American Journal of Animal and Veterinary Sciences

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Cryptosporidium species causes asymptomatic or mild to severe gastrointestinal disease in their broad range of host species. These host species include humans, domestic and wild animals worldwide. The importance of cryptosporidiosis in ruminants has been emphasised in recent years for not only mortality, delayed growth and economic losses in the farm but also zoonotic importance. So more than 200 substances have been tested against cryptosporidiosis, but none of them was able to eliminate the infection consistently. This article will focus on therapeutic interventions in neonatal ruminants against cryptosporidiosis including perspectives for new drugs.

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“…Currently, the only available drug for human infections (nitazoxanide -Romark Laboratories, Florida, USA), has variable efficacy (Abubakar et al, 2007;Amadi et al, 2009) and an effective vaccine has yet to be developed (Mead, 2014;Ryan et al, 2016). Halofuginone lactate (Halocur; Intervet, New Zealand) is commercially available against cryptosporidiosis in dairy calves, with variable efficacy (Trotz-Williams et al, 2011;Almawly et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Next Generation Sequencing uncovers within-host differences in the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium gp60 subtypes

Zahedi

Gofton

Jian

et al. 2017

International Journal for Parasitology

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The extent of within-host genetic diversity of parasites has implications for our understanding of the epidemiology, diseasese verity and evolution of parasite virulence. As with many other species, our understanding of the within-host diversity of the enteric parasite Cryptosporidium is changing.The present study compared Sanger and Next Generation Sequencing of glycoprotein 60 (gp60) amplicons from Cryptosporidium hominis (n = 11), Cryptosporidium parvum (n = 22) and Cryptosporidium cuniculus (n = 8) DNA samples from Australia and China. Sanger sequencing identified only one gp60 subtype in each DNA sample: one C. hominis subtype (IbA10G2) (n = 11), four C. parvum subtypes belonging to IIa (n = 3) and IId (n = 19) and one C. cuniculus subtype (VbA23) (n = 8). Next Generation Sequencing identified the same subtypes initially identified by Sanger sequencing, but also identified additional gp60 subtypes in C. parvum and C. cuniculus but not in C. hominis, DNA samples. The number of C. parvum and C. cuniculus subtypes identified by Next Generation Sequencing within individual DNA samples ranged from two to four, and both C. parvum IIa and IId subtype families were identified within the one host in two samples. The finding of the present study has important implications for Cryptosporidium transmission tracking as well as vaccine and drug studies.

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Cryptosporidium in humans and animals—a one health approach to prophylaxis

Cited by 208 publications

References 230 publications

Occurrence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned dairy calves in central Sichuan province, China

Occurrence and genotyping of Giardia duodenalis and Cryptosporidium in pre-weaned dairy calves in central Sichuan province, China

Cryptosporidiosis in Ruminants: Update and Current Therapeutic Approaches

Next Generation Sequencing uncovers within-host differences in the genetic diversity of Cryptosporidium gp60 subtypes

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