Commiphora gileadenesis Extracts Reduce Blood Glucose Levels, HbA₁c, Lipid Profile, and CD4⁺ and CD8⁺ Subsets in Type 1 Diabetic Mice

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus is a major health problem that affects the general population. Commiphora gileadensis ( C gileadensis) is a small tree that grows in the Middle East. Objective: This study explored the effect of C gileadensis on blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and T lymphocytes subsets using flow cytometry. Methodology: Forty male mice were classified into four groups: negative control; diabetic nontreated; and two groups of diabetic mice treated with C gileadensis sap and acetone extract. The blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and HbA1c were estimated for each mouse in the four groups. Moreover, total lymphocytes, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD25+ subsets were estimated for all groups. Results: The blood glucose levels, triglyceride, total cholesterol, and HbA1c were significantly reduced in mice treated with C gileadensis sap and acetone extract compared with the diabetic group. Total lymphocyte and CD3+ were reduced in diabetic mice treated with C gileadensis sap and acetone extract compared with the untreated diabetic group ( P < .05). In addition, CD4+ and CD8+ subsets were decreased in the same groups compared with the untreated one ( P < .05). CD4+ CD25+ cells were decreased in all diabetic groups compared with the control group ( P < .05). CD8+ CD25+ were increased in diabetic groups treated with C gileadensis sap and acetone extract compared with the untreated diabetic group ( P < .05). Conclusion: The present study concludes that C gileadensis sap and acetone extracts reduce the blood glucose, HbA1c, and lipid profile in diabetic mice. Moreover, this herb has anti-inflammatory properties that may help in the normalization of glycemic index and prevent T1DM progression.