<i>Colloquium</i>
: Positronium physics and biomedical applications

Bass, Steven D.; Mariazzi, S.; Moskal, P.; Stępień, Ewa

doi:10.1103/revmodphys.95.021002

Cited by 32 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Quantum entanglement for imaging applications has been an area of study for several decades, with optical photons and xray photons utilizing entangled correlations [17]- [22]. The potential application of the complex positronium physics to medical imaging is vast [23]. While the physics of annihilationbased entanglement is well studied and the use of quantum entanglement properties in PET has been discussed in theory by many groups, there is limited experimental data available.…”

Section: True Coincedencementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Entanglement Filtering: A PET Feasibility Study in Imaging Dual-Positron and Prompt Gamma Emission via Monte Carlo Simulation

Romanchek,

Shoop,

Gholami

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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In this article, we investigate quantum entanglement (QE) filtering to address the challenges in multi-isotope positron emission tomography (PET) or in PET studies utilizing radiotracers with dual-positron and prompt gamma emissions. Via GATE simulation, we demonstrate the efficacy of QE filtering using a one-of-a-kind cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) PET system -establishing its viability as a multimodal scanner and ability to perform QE filtering. We show the high Compton scattering probability in this CZT-based scanner with 44.2% of gammas undergoing a single scatter prior to absorption. Additionally, the overall system sensitivity as a standard PET scanner (11.29%), QE-PET scanner (6.81%), and Compton Camera (11.29%) is quantified. Further, we find a 23% decrease in the double Compton scatter (DCSc) frequency needed for QE filtering for each mm decrease in crystal resolution and an increase in mean absolute error (MAE) of their ∆ϕs from 6.8 o for 1 mm resolution to 9.5 o , 12.2 o , and 15.3 o for 2, 4, and 8 mm resolution, respectively. These results reinforce the potential of CZT detectors to lead next generation PET systems taking full advantage of the QE information of positron annihilation photons.

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Section: True Coincedencementioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Entanglement Filtering: A PET Feasibility Study in Imaging Dual-Positron and Prompt Gamma Emission via Monte Carlo Simulation

Romanchek,

Shoop,

Gholami

et al. 2024

IEEE Trans. Radiat. Plasma Med. Sci.

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“…We work in Feynman gauge. The tree-level scattering amplitude for pair annihilation, shown in (54), is…”

Section: E + E − Pair Annihilationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pair annihilation in the background of the strong magnetic field of pulsars (and magnetars) [50,51], the strong Coulomb field of heavy nuclei [52] as well as the background field of intense lasers [53] are the focus of active research. Annihilation of pairs in which one or both of the particles are bound is also of current interest; examples include annihilation of bound electrons in the inner shells of heavy atoms by free positrons [52], and positronium decay to photons [54].…”

Section:  mentioning

confidence: 99%

A new method that automatically regularizes scattering amplitudes

Prabhu

2023

J. Phys. Commun.

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We present a new regularization procedure called autoregularization.The new procedure regularizes the divergences, encountered previously in a scattering process, using the intrinsic scale of the process. We use autoregularization to calculate the amplitudes of several scattering processes in QED and compare the calculations with experimental measurements over a broad range of center-of-momentum energies (~ MeV to > 200 GeV). The calculated amplitudes are found to be in good agreement with experimental data. To test autoregularization in a non-Abelian gauge theory, we calculate the QCD coupling constant at 1-loop and show that, like the known regularizationschemes, autoregularization also predicts asymptotic freedom in QCD.Finally, we show that the vacuum energy density of the free fields in the Standard Model, calculated using autoregularization, is smaller than thecurrent estimate of the cosmic critical density.

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“… 1 ) prompting new thinking about Ps structure and interactions—for recent discussion see refs. 2 , 3 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Discrete symmetries tested at 10−4 precision using linear polarization of photons from positronium annihilations

Moskal,

Czerwiński,

Raj

et al. 2024

Nat Commun

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Discrete symmetries play an important role in particle physics with violation of CP connected to the matter-antimatter imbalance in the Universe. We report the most precise test of P, T and CP invariance in decays of ortho-positronium, performed with methodology involving polarization of photons from these decays. Positronium, the simplest bound state of an electron and positron, is of recent interest with discrepancies reported between measured hyperfine energy structure and theory at the level of 10−4 signaling a need for better understanding of the positronium system at this level. We test discrete symmetries using photon polarizations determined via Compton scattering in the dedicated J-PET tomograph on an event-by-event basis and without the need to control the spin of the positronium with an external magnetic field, in contrast to previous experiments. Our result is consistent with QED expectations at the level of 0.0007 and one standard deviation.

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Colloquium : Positronium physics and biomedical applications

Cited by 32 publications

References 261 publications

Quantum Entanglement Filtering: A PET Feasibility Study in Imaging Dual-Positron and Prompt Gamma Emission via Monte Carlo Simulation

Quantum Entanglement Filtering: A PET Feasibility Study in Imaging Dual-Positron and Prompt Gamma Emission via Monte Carlo Simulation

A new method that automatically regularizes scattering amplitudes

Discrete symmetries tested at 10−4 precision using linear polarization of photons from positronium annihilations

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