<i>Colletotrichum siamense</i> is the main aetiological agent of anthracnose of avocado in south‐eastern Brazil

Soares, Maria Gercília; Alves, Eduardo; Silveira, Amanda Letícia da; Pereira, Fernanda Dias; Guimarães, Sarah S. C.

doi:10.1111/ppa.13262

Cited by 15 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The studied morphological characteristics, specifically colony, the dark greyish color (at the reverse) were consistent with C. siamense reported by previous reports [14,[30][31][32][33]. Alternatively, the pink colony color (at the reverse) of C. siamense (infecting litchi chilli and avocado) has also been reported recently [18,34,35]. Other characteristics such as conidiogenous cells, conidia size, and shape also consisted of the description C. siamense reported previously [30,33,[36][37][38] except setae.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…All these pathogenicity test methods developed leaf spot/blight/ necrosis symptoms similar to those recorded from the C. tamala trees during the survey, except for the teardrop stain spot. C. siamense displays an intracellular hemibiotrophic with a predominant necrotrophic life cycle [35,51]. During the initial infection of the epidermal cells, primary infection vesicles are formed without killing the cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Colletotrichum siamense leaf blight/spot: Characterization of a newly identified disease on Cinnamomum tamala

et al. 2023

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Cinnamomum tamala (bay leaf) is widely used for culinary and medicinal purposes in South Asia. A leaf blight/spot disease was first discovered on nearly 90% of C. tamala plants with a mean severity of 48% to 74.4% in Gazipur and Bogura, Bangladesh, in 2019. The present study identified and characterized the causal organism and formulated the optimum growth conditions and effective fungicides for the chemical control of the pathogen. The characteristic symptoms on the infected leaves appeared circular to oval reddish‐brown spots with raised margins and often developed in tear‐stain patterns. Severe infection of C. tamala sapling resulted in dieback symptoms with leaf defoliation. A fungus with floccose, dense, white colonies with well‐differentiated acervuli was isolated from the infected leaves. Combined cultural, morphological, and molecular characteristics identified the pathogen as Colletotrichum siamense. Inculcating healthy leaves and 1‐year‐old saplings of C. tamala with a conidial suspension of the fungus reproduced the same symptoms observed in the bay leaf orchard. The highest mycelial growth was recorded on V‐8 Juice Agar media, while the maximum radial mycelial growth and level of sporulation of the fungus were significantly higher in incubation temperature 30°C. Fungicide trials showed that carbendazim 50 WP, azoxystrobin, mancozeb, and trifloxystrobin, either singly or in combination, successfully reduced fungal mycelial growth in vitro. Therefore, disease management strategies should be opted to halt the further spread of this issue. To our knowledge, this is the first study to document the incidence of Colletotrichum leaf blight on C. tamala in Bangladesh and even in the world.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Colletotrichum siamense leaf blight/spot: Characterization of a newly identified disease on Cinnamomum tamala

et al. 2023

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“…Uysal and Kurt (2020) [25] reported C. karstii as causal pathogen of avocado fruit and leaf anthracnose in Turkey. In south eastern Brazil, C. siamense and C. karstii were found to be associated avocado anthracnose [97].…”

Section: Avocado Anthracnosementioning

confidence: 97%

Diversity of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease in Tropical Fruit Crops—A Review

Zakaria

2021

Agriculture

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In tropical fruit crops, anthracnose is mainly caused by species belonging to the fungal genus, Colletotrichum. These phytopathogens can infect several parts of the fruit crops; however, infection during postharvest or ripening stages is responsible for major economic losses. Due to the formation of black to dark brown sunken lesions on the fruit surface, anthracnose reduces fruit quality and marketability. Among the most common tropical fruit crops susceptible to anthracnose are mango, papaya, banana, avocado, guava, and dragon fruit; these are economically relevant products in many developing countries. It is important to document that the newly recorded Colletotrichum spp. associated with fruit anthracnose can infect multiple hosts, but some species may be host-specific. By using multiple markers, many phylogenetic species of Colletotrichum have been reported as anthracnose-causing pathogens. Taking into account that disease management strategies strongly rely on adequate knowledge of the causative agents, updated information on Colletotrichum species and the hazard posed by the most recently identified species in tropical fruit plantations and harvested fruits becomes vital. Besides, the newly recorded species may be important for biosecurity and should be listed as quarantine pathogens, considering that tropical fruits are traded worldwide.

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“…The causal agents of avocado anthracnose are fungi of the genus Colletotrichum [ 11 ], and approximately 20 species have been reported worldwide, comprising members of five different species complexes, namely gloeosporioides, acutatum, boninense, gigasporum, and magnum [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In Chile, however, only C. gloeosporioides sensu lato has been reported [ 18 ], which produces orange-colored sporulating lesions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Record of Colletotrichum anthrisci Causing Anthracnose on Avocado Fruits in Chile

et al. 2022

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Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is one of the most frequent and damaging fungal diseases affecting avocado fruits (Persea americana Mill.) worldwide. In Chile, the disease incidence has increased over the last decades due to the establishment of commercial groves in more humid areas. Since 2018, unusual symptoms of anthracnose have been observed on Hass avocado fruits, with lesions developing a white to gray sporulation. Morphological features and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses using six DNA barcodes (act, chs-1, gapdh, his3, ITS, and tub2) allowed the identification of the causal agent as Colletotrichum anthrisci, a member of the dematium species complex. Pathogenicity was confirmed by inoculating healthy Hass avocado fruits with representative isolates, reproducing the same symptoms initially observed, and successfully reisolating the same isolates from the margin of the necrotic pulp. Previously, several Colletotrichum species belonging to other species complexes have been associated with avocado anthracnose in other countries. To our knowledge, this is the first record of C. anthrisci and of a species of the dematium species complex causing anthracnose on avocado fruits in Chile and worldwide.

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Colletotrichum siamense is the main aetiological agent of anthracnose of avocado in south‐eastern Brazil

Cited by 15 publications

References 32 publications

Colletotrichum siamense leaf blight/spot: Characterization of a newly identified disease on Cinnamomum tamala

Colletotrichum siamense leaf blight/spot: Characterization of a newly identified disease on Cinnamomum tamala

Diversity of Colletotrichum Species Associated with Anthracnose Disease in Tropical Fruit Crops—A Review

First Record of Colletotrichum anthrisci Causing Anthracnose on Avocado Fruits in Chile

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