<i>Cognitive Neuropsychology</i>twenty years on

Caramazza, Alfonso; Coltheart, Max

doi:10.1080/02643290500443250

Cited by 88 publications

(50 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Our view is that a careful examination of patterns of spared and impaired reasoning in such groups can contribute to the understanding of reasoning in both clinical and non-clinical populations (cf. Caramazza & Coltheart, 2006). For example, the finding that OCD-related symptoms are associated with impairments in some forms of induction but not others suggests that more than one underlying cognitive process drives inductive reasoning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive and deductive reasoning in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Liew

Grisham

Hayes

2018

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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This study examined the hypothesis that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show a selective deficit in inductive reasoning but are unimpaired in their ability to make deductive inferences. 100 participants from an analog sample made inductive or deductive inferences about arguments that differed according to causal consistency and validity. They also completed a task examining sensitivity to the implications of diverse evidence in induction. Participants who were high or low on obsessivecompulsive symptoms showed similar patterns of induction based on causal knowledge and similar patterns of deduction. However, those with the highest level of OCD symptoms showed less of a preference for diverse evidence when evaluating inductive arguments, compared to those with the lowest level of symptoms. This difference was found across both OCD-relevant and OCDneutral items, and persisted when the effects of group differences in general ability were controlled. These results indicate that both inductive reasoning based on background knowledge and deductive reasoning are intact in individuals with high OCD-traits but the use of inductive heuristics such as evidence diversity is impaired.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inductive and deductive reasoning in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Liew

Grisham

Hayes

2018

Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry

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“…The discipline of cognitive neuropsychology developed in the late 1970s, at a point when cognitive psychologists and neuropsychologists began to see how valuable the detailed investigation of cases of acquired brain impairment could be for informing models of cognition [1]. This approach has since produced a wealth of fascinating case studies that have contributed to our understanding of cognitive functioning across a wide range of domains.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This architecture or cognitive model represents the sequence of discrete information processing components involved in performing some particular cognitive operation, such as reading aloud or identifying a face. The processing components may be considered 'modules' of the form proposed by Fodor [8] although, as discussed in more detail by Caramazza & Coltheart [1], a strong modularity assumption is not necessarily required. The important feature is that the components are relatively autonomous and can be selectively impaired by brain damage.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental disorders: what can be learned from cognitive neuropsychology?

Castles

Kohnen

Nickels

et al. 2014

Phil. Trans. R. Soc. B

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The discipline of cognitive neuropsychology has been important for informing theories of cognition and describing the nature of acquired cognitive disorders, but its applicability in a developmental context has been questioned. Here, we revisit this issue, asking whether the cognitive neuropsychological approach can be helpful for exploring the nature and causes of developmental disorders and, if so, how. We outline the key features of the cognitive neuropsychological approach, and then consider how some of the major challenges to this approach from a developmental perspective might be met. In doing so, we distinguish between challenges to the methods of cognitive neuropsychology and those facing its deeper conceptual underpinnings. We conclude that the detailed investigation of patterns of both associations and dissociations, and across both developmental and acquired cases, can assist in describing the cognitive deficits within developmental disorders and in delineating possible causal pathways to their acquisition.

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“…However, in Administration C (Copy), these functions are isolated, allowing the evaluator to observe distinctions between performance in both administrations. Therefore, memory impairment may be reflected by worse performance on Administration A (Memory) but better performance on Administration C (Copy; Caramazza, & Coltheart, 2006).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of criterion validity for the Benton Visual Retention Test: Comparison between older adults with and without a possible diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.

Zanini

Wagner

Zortéa

et al. 2014

Psychology & Neuroscience

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The present study sought to provide evidence of criterion validity for the Benton Visual Retention Test by making comparisons between older adults with and without a possible diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease. The control group was composed of 50 older adults, and the clinical group was composed by 16 subjects. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed, including c 2 test, F and Wald statistics, t-test, analyses of covariance with a = .05, and effect size calculations. We used a sociodemographic data form, the Geriatric Depression Scale-15, and Mini Mental State Examination. Despite the small clinical sample size, the results pointed to evidence of validity for the Benton Visual Retention Test for Administration A (Memory) and Administration C (Copy). The clinical group had significantly poorer performance on most scores. These results also indicate important deficits in other neuropsychological functions in Alzheimer's disease.

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Cognitive Neuropsychologytwenty years on

Cited by 88 publications

References 46 publications

Inductive and deductive reasoning in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Inductive and deductive reasoning in obsessive-compulsive disorder

Developmental disorders: what can be learned from cognitive neuropsychology?

Evidence of criterion validity for the Benton Visual Retention Test: Comparison between older adults with and without a possible diagnosis of Alzheimer’s disease.

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