<i>Clostridium perfringens</i>

Heredia, Norma; Labbé, Ronald G.

doi:10.1002/9781118684856.ch5

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For broilers, salinomycin and bacitracin are widely used in starter, grower or finisher feeds while virginiamycin is used in the finisher. Many of the above antimicrobials are effective against Gram-positive bacteria such as Clostridium perfringens , the etiological cause of necrotic enteritis which is one of the main disease concerns for poultry producers worldwide (Stutz et al, 1983 ; Heredia and Labbé, 2001 ; Shojadoost et al, 2013 ). Since C. perfringens also is one of the foodborne pathogens associated with poultry, it is believed that antimicrobial agents targeting this pathogen also help to prevent any potential food safety problems.…”

Section: Poultry Industry In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives

2014

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The use of antibiotics in food-producing animals has significantly increased animal health by lowering mortality and the incidence of diseases. Antibiotics also have largely contributed to increase productivity of farms. However, antibiotic usage in general and relevance of non-therapeutic antibiotics (growth promoters) in feed need to be reevaluated especially because bacterial pathogens of humans and animals have developed and shared a variety of antibiotic resistance mechanisms that can easily be spread within microbial communities. In Canada, poultry production involves more than 2600 regulated chicken producers who have access to several antibiotics approved as feed additives for poultry. Feed recipes and mixtures vary greatly geographically and from one farm to another, making links between use of a specific antibiotic feed additive and production yields or selection of specific antibiotic-resistant bacteria difficult to establish. Many on-farm studies have revealed the widespread presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in broiler chickens. While some reports linked the presence of antibiotic-resistant organisms to the use of feed supplemented with antibiotics, no recent studies could clearly demonstrate the benefit of antimicrobial growth promoters on performance and production yields. With modern biosecurity and hygienic practices, there is a genuine concern that intensive utilization of antibiotics or use of antimicrobial growth promoters in feed might no longer be useful. Public pressure and concerns about food and environmental safety (antibiotic residues, antibiotic-resistant pathogens) have driven researchers to actively look for alternatives to antibiotics. Some of the alternatives include pre- and probiotics, organic acids and essential oils. We will describe here the properties of some bioactive molecules, like those found in cranberry, which have shown interesting polyvalent antibacterial and immuno-stimulatory activities.

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Section: Poultry Industry In Canadamentioning

confidence: 99%

Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives

2014

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“…The increase in C. perfringens, along with smaller increases in other Firmicutes families and Bacteroides spp., supports a metabolomic profile rich in propionate, butyrate, and branched-chain fatty acids such as isobutyrate and isovalerate, characteristic of the degradation of glycoproteins or proteins that reach the distal gut [26,80]. The ingredients were able to suppress C. perfringens [81], a potential pathogen, and this may be attributed to the increase in other beneficial bacteria. Spinach powder, which increased isobutyrate and isovalerate, still suppressed C. perfringens, while favoring the butyrate-producing Lachnospiraceae.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 69%

Complementary Food Ingredients Alter Infant Gut Microbiome Composition and Metabolism In Vitro

et al. 2021

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We examined the prebiotic potential of 32 food ingredients on the developing infant microbiome using an in vitro gastroileal digestion and colonic fermentation model. There were significant changes in the concentrations of short-chain fatty-acid metabolites, confirming the potential of the tested ingredients to stimulate bacterial metabolism. The 16S rRNA gene sequencing for a subset of the ingredients revealed significant increases in the relative abundances of the lactate- and acetate-producing Bifidobacteriaceae, Enterococcaceae, and Lactobacillaceae, and lactate- and acetate-utilizing Prevotellaceae, Lachnospiraceae, and Veillonellaceae. Selective changes in specific bacterial groups were observed. Infant whole-milk powder and an oat flour enhanced Bifidobacteriaceae and lactic acid bacteria. A New Zealand-origin spinach powder enhanced Prevotellaceae and Lachnospiraceae, while fruit and vegetable powders increased a mixed consortium of beneficial gut microbiota. All food ingredients demonstrated a consistent decrease in Clostridium perfringens, with this organism being increased in the carbohydrate-free water control. While further studies are required, this study demonstrates that the selected food ingredients can modulate the infant gut microbiome composition and metabolism in vitro. This approach provides an opportunity to design nutrient-rich complementary foods that fulfil infants’ growth needs and support the maturation of the infant gut microbiome.

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“…All people who had interviewed, (12) prisoners reported to have a common meal in afternoon of 21-June 2022, with age mean of 33.5+_ 6 SD. ( 5) of them met the probable case definition of food poisoning, and the first two cases had the onset of symptoms within 12hr.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Food poisoning outbreak in prisoners

Khalid Abdullah ,,

Qader Salman ,,

Mahmood Rajab

2023

djm

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Background: An outbreak of food poisoning was investigated in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23, after poisoning cases was reported to the primary health care center of the area on June 22, 2022. Objective: To determine the cause of food poisoning outbreak among the inmates. Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted in a prison in AL-Muradia area in Diyala in June 23 and the data has been collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher and filled out by direct interview with all individuals who attended meals, all person in that prison were interviewed and traced back every meal served in the last two days before the investigation. Results: All people who had interviewed, (12) reported to have a common meal in afternoon of 21-June 2022, with age mean of 33.5+_ 6 SD. (5) of them met the probable case definition of food poisoning, and the first two cases had the onset of symptoms within 12hr. of the exposure, the last case experienced a symptom was after 24 hr., all cases had fever and headache followed by diarrhea (80%), nausea and abdominal pain (60%) and vomiting (40%). The meal items were canned meat, canned tuna, grilled chicken, apricot, plum and yogurt, the highest relative risk was for tuna (RR=4) with risk difference of (50%) Conclusion: The food item responsible for the outbreak was canned tuna. Based on the incubation period, symptoms and the unhealthy storage of food suggested that canned tuna could be contaminated with salmonella spp.

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Clostridium perfringens

Cited by 9 publications

References 17 publications

Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives

Antibiotics in Canadian poultry productions and anticipated alternatives

Complementary Food Ingredients Alter Infant Gut Microbiome Composition and Metabolism In Vitro

Food poisoning outbreak in prisoners

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