<i>Clostridioides difficile</i> in COVID-19 Patients, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March–April 2020

Sandhu, Avnish; Tillotson, Glenn; Polistico, Jordan; Salimnia, Hossein; Cranis, Mara; Moshos, Judy; Cullen, Lori McGinnes; Jabbo, Lavina; Diebel, Lawrence N.; Chopra, Teena

doi:10.3201/eid2609.202126

Cited by 82 publications

(82 citation statements)

References 9 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…After the recent emergence of highly-virulent types, such as BI/NAP1/027, increased CDI incidence, severity of infection and associated mortality have been reported not only in hospitals but also in LTCFs, where residents are at high risk of CDI for advanced age, previous hospitalization and exposure to antibiotics [27e29]. A very recent retrospective study reported nine cases of co-infection with SARS-CoV-2 and C. difficile in elderly hospitalized patients, all which were treated with antibiotics [30]. Interestingly, Sandhu et al also reported an increase of the rate of CDI from 3.32/10,000 patient-days to 3.60/10,000 patient-days during JanuaryeApril 2020.…”

Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): Possible implications for elderly patients

Spigaglia

2020

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Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre-including this research content-immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile (including epidemiology) COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): Possible implications for elderly patients

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Section: Contents Lists Available At Sciencedirectmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): Possible implications for elderly patients

Spigaglia

2020

Anaerobe

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“…The first one in May 2020, reporting CDI with COVID-19 at the Medical Center in Detroit, Michigan, USA. Patients were screened from 11th March to 11th April, 2020, and in 9 cases received antibiotic therapy, presented diarrhea, experienced SARS-CoV-2 infection and were co-infected with C. difficile (Sandhu et al, 2020 ). The authors emphasized that when CDI is present as a co-infection with COVID-19 and the diarrhea persists, therapy can be difficult because of the SARS-CoV-2 infection.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should We Be Worried About Clostridioides difficile During the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic?

2020

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“… 4 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 In addition, there have been reports of GI bleeding, colitis, acute pancreatitis, and exacerbation of prior GI diseases (inflammatory bowel disease). 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 What follows are key GI findings:…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

COVID-19 extrapulmonary illness – special gastrointestinal and hepatic considerations

et al. 2020

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Coronaviruses have caused three global outbreaks in the last 20 years, which include Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) caused by SARS-CoV (SARS-CoV-1), Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) by MERS-CoV and Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) due to SARS-CoV-2. These outbreaks share many similarities, including clinical presentation, transmission, and management. Although respiratory manifestations are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality in these conditions, extra-pulmonary manifestations such as gastrointestinal symptoms are also increasingly recognized as important symptoms. Important gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, anorexia, diarrhea, and abdominal pain. Hepatic manifestations such as abnormal aminotransferases are also noted in these patients. Early identification of GI symptoms is crucial as some patients can present only with GI manifestations in the absence of pulmonary symptoms. Furthermore, patients with diarrhea have tested positive for viral RNA in the stool. This has been reported even after the resolution of respiratory symptoms and can extend up to many days from the onset of symptoms. Because of this phenomenon, there is a theoretical risk of fecal-oral transmission and the potential spread of the disease. Though GI symptoms are frequently observed, understanding the pathogenesis of these symptoms is crucial, as it can not only of public health importance but could also identify infected patients early in the spread. Understanding the different GI and hepatic manifestations with underlying mechanisms of symptoms can assist in the therapeutic management of these patients. In this article, we summarize various GI and hepatic manifestations with their prevalence, underlying pathophysiology with emphasis on stool positivity.

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Clostridioides difficile in COVID-19 Patients, Detroit, Michigan, USA, March–April 2020

Cited by 82 publications

References 9 publications

COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): Possible implications for elderly patients

COVID-19 and Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI): Possible implications for elderly patients

Should We Be Worried About Clostridioides difficile During the SARS-CoV2 Pandemic?

COVID-19 extrapulmonary illness – special gastrointestinal and hepatic considerations

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