<i>cis</i>-Crotonaldehyde and related compounds

McGreer, Donald E.; Page, B D

doi:10.1139/v69-141

Cited by 16 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It is well known that a value of ca. 15 Hz indicates trans and 10-12 Hz indicates cis. The results shown in Table I support the claimed stereochemistry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Conformational analysis of conjugated polyenes by nuclear magnetic resonance and low resolution microwave spectroscopy

Steinmetz¹,

Pollard²,

Blaney³

et al. 1979

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…It is well known that a value of ca. 15 Hz indicates trans and 10-12 Hz indicates cis. The results shown in Table I support the claimed stereochemistry.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…25 The reaction was terminated at 95% of the theoretical uptake of hydrogen. After filtration and removal of the ether on a rotary evaporator, vacuum distillation with no column yielded the product with 34% yield at 79-81 °C, 15 torr. The product was contaminated by ca.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conformational analysis of conjugated polyenes by nuclear magnetic resonance and low resolution microwave spectroscopy

Steinmetz¹,

Pollard²,

Blaney³

et al. 1979

J. Phys. Chem.

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“…Crotonaldehyde has two isomers, cis and trans . The study of McGreer and Page found that cis -crotonaldehyde (CAS Registry Number: 4170-30-3) is far less chemically favored than trans -crotonaldehyde (CAS Registry Number: 123-73-9), by about 1:50. Hence, although cis -crotonaldehyde is available in the simulation file, its properties are not considered reliable, and crotonaldehyde has been treated as entirely the trans isomer (T-CROTON)…”

Section: Correlation Of Vle In the Water + Acn + Ppn + T-croton Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Component Trapping with Vapor–Liquid Equilibrium Uncertainty: Principles, Design, and Troubleshooting

Mathias

Kister

Parker

et al. 2017

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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Intermediate components tend to accumulate near the middle of a distillation column in many chemical and petroleum separations. Their accumulation may lead to off-spec products, corrosion, plugging, or periodic cycling. The most common method of removing these intermediate components is by taking them out in one or more side draws. The addition of such side draws may not go far enough to achieve the desired product specs. If the side-draw approach fails, the expensive addition of additional towers may be required. The question of whether a side draw is sufficient to remove the accumulating intermediate components or whether additional columns are needed depends on the relative volatilities of the intermediate components at tower conditions. Often, there is a high degree of uncertainty in the model used for correlation of the phase equilibrium of these components. The Margules Uncertainty Analysis method is valuable in analyzing these situations and in guiding engineers to the rational solution. The case analyzed here is an acetonitrile + water separation tower with t-crotonaldehyde and propionitrile as the intermediate components. There are uncertainties in the correlation of the volatilities of these intermediate components in this system. In light of these uncertainties, our analysis addresses the question of whether the tight product specs can be achieved in one tower with a side draw or whether more than one tower is needed. The analysis shows that depending on the product specs and the tolerance for a high reflux ratio, there would be situations where one can be certain that one tower will work, while in other cases more than one tower is needed to ensure achievement of the required product specs. The analysis enables quantification of the risk of the single-column solutionspecifically the quantification of confidence limits.

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“…With regard to the present model it is interesting to note that the observed Xmax of its electronic spectrum is located at 497 nm, in excellent agreement with those of bovine rhodopsin (498 nm) or bovine lumirhodopsin (497 nm) (see Table I and Figure 1). Thus, the Schiff base 3 was prepared from the reaction between 2 qmol of all-trans-retinal (1) and 17 qmol of -aminoethylamino-/3-cyclodextrin (2)6 in 0.5 mL of ethylene glycol at room temperature for 24 h in the dark (eq l).7 The corresponding open-chain Schiff bases, -retinylidene-TV-methylethylenediamine (4) and -retinylidene-n-butylamine8 (5) Table I. Absorption Maxima of Retinal Schiff Bases at 25 °C…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%