Cerasus humilis Cherry Polyphenol Reduces High-Fat Diet-Induced Obesity in C57BL/6 Mice by Mitigating Fat Deposition, Inflammation, and Oxidation

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the anti-obesity effects and mechanisms of Cerasus humilis polyphenol (CHP) in C57BL/6 obese mice and 3T3-L1 cells. High-performance liquid chromatography−electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry was used for the qualitative and quantitative identification of CHP components. The obese mice, induced by feeding high-fat diet (HFD), were treated with CHP (250 mg/kg/day) by gavage for 12 weeks. Orlistat was gavaged at 15.6 mg/kg bw/day, as a positive control group. The analysis revealed that the main components of CHP were procyanidin B2, cyanidin-3glucoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. CHP dietary supplementation significantly reduced body weight and improved blood lipid measurements in HFD-fed mice (p < 0.01). Moreover, it inhibited mRNA expression of miR-122, Srebp-1c, and Cpt1a (p < 0.01) and reduced hepatic lipid deposition, as seen by hematoxylin and eosin staining. CHP downregulated the protein expression of PPARγ and C/EBPα in HFD-induced obese mice and inhibited adipocyte differentiation (p < 0.01). Compared with the HFD group, CHP supplementation had an obvious anti-inflammatory effect (decreased protein expression, such as TNF-α, IL-6, and MCP1), reducing leptin levels and TNF-α secretion in serum and cells (p < 0.01). CHP significantly inhibited the expression of miR-27a/b (53.3 and 29.9%, p < 0.01) in mice retroperitoneal white adipocytes, enhancing the expression of the target gene Prdm16 and significantly upregulating Sirt1 (105.5%, p < 0.01) compared with the HFD group. Moreover, CHP supplementation effectively improved oxidative stress (ROS, T-AOC, SOD, CAT, and GSH-Px) induced by HFD in obese mice (p < 0.01). Thus, CHP mitigates adipocyte differentiation, browning of white adipocytes, and reduction of inflammation and antioxidant activity to reduce obesity. Consequently, these results provide novel insights into the anti-obesity roles of CHP in HFD-induced obesity.

Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) Iridoid and Anthocyanin Extract Enhances PPAR-α, PPAR-γ Expression and Reduces I/M Ratio in Aorta, Increases LXR-α Expression and Alters Adipokines and Triglycerides Levels in Cholesterol-Rich Diet Rabbit Model

“…Weight loss or reduction of weight gain as an effect of iridoids [ 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ] and anthocyanins [ 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 ] were also observed in other research models. This also applied to models in which compounds from active extract groups were tested, e.g., loganic acid [ 37 ], cyanidin [ 38 ] or pelargonidin [ 39 ]. What distinguishes our research model from quoted studies, is that it was conducted not on commonly tested rats or mice, but on rabbits–nonrodents that share much more similar lipid metabolic pathways with humans.…”

Lauric Triglyceride Ameliorates High-Fat-Diet-Induced Obesity in Rats by Reducing Lipogenesis and Increasing Lipolysis and β-Oxidation

“…With economic development and improvement of living standards, obesity has become a major concern for global health. The hypertriglyceridemia, one of the obesity phenotypes, is becoming a risk factor for many chronic diseases . Chronic nutrient overload, especially the large amount of dietary fat, is often blamed for the leading cause of lipid metabolism disorder .…”

“…The hypertriglyceridemia, one of the obesity phenotypes, is becoming a risk factor for many chronic diseases. 1 Chronic nutrient overload, especially the large amount of dietary fat, is often blamed for the leading cause of lipid metabolism disorder. 2 However, many studies revealed that the medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil had health benefits because of their unique metabolic pathways in vivo.…”

Antidiabetic Function of Lactobacillus fermentum MF423-Fermented Rice Bran and Its Effect on Gut Microbiota Structure in Type 2 Diabetic Mice

“…The development of insulin resistance affects oxidative stress in diabetic mice, leading to a significant increase in the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and MDA in mice ( Li et al, 2021 ). Previous studies have proven that a large number of antioxidant enzymes in organisms, such as SOD, T-AOC and GSH-PX, can suppress oxidative stress by scavenging ROS levels ( Liu S. W. et al, 2020 ; Wu et al, 2021 ). The liver is the largest metabolic organ possessing abundant antioxidant enzymes.…”