<i>Cardiobacterium hominis</i> Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Walkty, Andrew

doi:10.1155/2005/716873

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…6,7 Because HACEK microorganisms are part of the normal oral flora, recent dental procedures are a risk factor for developing endocarditis with this group of microorganisms - especially for patients with underlying heart disease. Wormser et al .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pediatric case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis

Suresh

Blackwood

2013

Infectious Disease Reports

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Gram negative endocarditis is relatively rare in pediatrics but when they occur they are most frequently caused by one of the HACEK (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, C. hominis, Eikenella corrodens and Kingella kingae) group of microorganisms. Within the HACEK group of microorganisms there have been approximately 100 cases of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis reported in the literature, but only 2 previous cases of endocarditis and one case of pericarditis have been reported in children. In this report, we present a case of a 12-year-old boy with a right ventricle to pulmonary artery conduit for Tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia who presented at an annual cardiology examination with a 3 week history of fatigue and was found to have a vegetation on routine echocardiogram. Subsequent blood cultures grew Cardiobacterium hominis and the patient was treated successfully with 6 weeks of appropriate antibiotic therapy. We present this case and a review of the literature of the HACEK group of microorganisms in pediatrics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pediatric case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis

Suresh

Blackwood

2013

Infectious Disease Reports

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“…Cardiobacterium hominis, is a member of the HACEK group of organisms associated with culture negative endocarditis. These organisms account for approximately 3-6% of cases of SBE diagnosed in North America 1,2 . C hominis is a constituent of the human oral cavity and upper respiratory tract normal flora 2,3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Case of Infective Endocarditis Caused by C. Hominis in a Patient with HLAB27 Aortitis

Lena

Meulemeester

2009

Can. J. Neurol. Sci

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A 59-year-old, right handed, Caucasian engineer presented to the emergency department 12 hours after the sudden onset of left sided weakness and numbness. The patient had been in good health until the year prior to admission. He had an episode of bilateral ankle swelling with cough, pleuritic chest pain and night sweats 12 months prior to admission. Six months later he had left ankle swelling and left foot drop, followed by right knee soreness and swelling a month later, and swelling of the left calf and right foot two months after that. He gave an eleven month history of migrating arthralgias, myalgias and periodic lower back pain. The episodes of myalgia and arthralgia typically lasted three to ten days. The patient reported some symptomatic relief with ibuprofen. He was fatigued throughout this period. There was no history of shoulder or hip pain, conjunctivitis, rash, photosensitivity, gastrointestinal or genitourinary complaints. X-rays of the sacro-iliac joints were normal. He had developed moderate hypertension in the year prior to admission. There was no history of dental work, or dental carries. His family history was unremarkable.Abdominal ultrasounds documented splenomegaly increasing from 13 cm to 18 cm in the year prior to admission. ESR was consistently elevated-ranging between 45 and 85 mm/hr. He had a normocytic anemia. Genetic testing revealed an HLA B27 genotype. Subsequently the patient was diagnosed with HLA B27 associated reactive arthritis.He developed a new cardiac murmur. A transthoracic echocardiogram performed a month before admission revealed 3+ aortic regurgitation, a mildly dilated left ventricle with normal left ventricular ejection fraction, and 1+ mitral regurgitation with a normal valve. A TTE performed four years earlier had been normal. The aortic insufficiency was deemed consistent with HLA B27 associated aortitis and a TEE was scheduled to rule out further valvular disease. The patient presented with acute stroke prior to his scheduled outpatient TEE.On presentation he was alert and oriented. His blood pressure was 164/84. He had a low grade fever. His respiratory rate was 16 and pulse was regular at 88. He had a water hammer pulse with a JVP 5cm above the sternal angle with a bifid contour. The apex was 15 mm in diameter and hyperdynamic. A systolic ejection click was audible at the left upper sternal border. A grade II/VI systolic crescendo-decrescendo murmur was audible at the apex and an Austin Flint rumble was present. The spleen was palpable. There was no lymphadenopathy. Skin, nails and joints were unremarkable. There was no peripheral edema. He had mild dysarthria and a left upper motor neuron facial paresis, left hemiparesis and dense left sensory loss. The left plantar response was extensor. THE CANADIAN JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES 385From Admission bloodwork revealed a normal WBC with a Hb of 116. Electrolytes, urea, creatinine and blood glucose were normal. Urinalysis was normal. ESR was 64 and CRP was 40. An EKG met criteria for LVH. Chest x-ray was normal. ...

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“…Previous studies suggested that long incubation times of at least five to seven days were required to culture C. hominis; however, recently published cases and reviews have demonstrated consistent growth within five days. 5 Similarly, a review of laboratory incubations showed that all cases of HACEK IE were diagnosed within 5 days, and all incubations beyond 5 days yielded no growth. 6 This is important given the ever-increasing demands on microbiology labs and the extra costs incurred from prolonged incubation with no evident benefit.…”

Section: Smentioning

confidence: 98%

“…However, in contrast to the Gram-positive bacteria commonly causing IE, intravenous drug use does not seem to be a risk factor for C. hominis IE likely due to its absence on the skin at points of vascular injury. 5 Dental manipulation has been classically associated with the development of transient bacteremia even in immunocompetent hosts. 10 More recently, even mild dental manipulation from brushing has been shown to cause transient bacteremia.…”

Section: Risk Factors For C Hominis Iementioning

confidence: 99%

Subacute Infective Endocarditis Secondary to Cardiobacterium hominis in a Patient with Mitral Valve Prolapse

Vasanthamohan

Kronfli

Hou

et al. 2017

Can Journ Gen Int Med

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We present the case of a 42-year-old man with a history of mitral valve prolapse (MVP) presenting with subacute native valve endocarditis secondary to Cardiobacterium hominis infection. He presented with non-specific symptoms of generalized fatigue and malaise subsequent to a complication-free dental cleaning. He was treated initially with 4 weeks of ceftriaxone, but ultimately required mitral valve replacement due to severe valvular degeneration. This case provides a review of the pathophysiology and presentations of infective endocarditis (IE) secondary to HACEK organisms. We will review risk factors, as well as the evidence and current guidelines for pre-procedural IE prophylaxis. RésuméIl s'agit du cas d'un homme âgé de 42 ans ayant des antécédents de prolapsus valvulaire mitral (PVM) lié à une endocardite sur valve native subaiguë attribuable à une infection causée par Cardiobacterium hominis. Le patient présente des symptômes non-spécifiques de fatigue générale et de malaise à la suite d'un nettoyage dentaire s' étant déroulé sans complications. Après 4 semaines de traitement à la ceftriaxone, il a finalement dû subir le remplacement de la valvule mitrale en raison d'une grave dégradation valvulaire. L' étude de ce cas fournit une rétrospective de la physiopathologie et des différentes présentations d'une endocardite infectieuse (EI) secondaire aux organismes HACEK. Nous passons en revue différents facteurs de risque, ainsi que les données probantes et les lignes directrices actuelles concernant les mesures préventives de prophylaxie relative à l'EI.

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Cardiobacterium hominis Endocarditis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature

Cited by 23 publications

References 40 publications

A pediatric case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis

A pediatric case of Cardiobacterium hominis endocarditis

A Case of Infective Endocarditis Caused by C. Hominis in a Patient with HLAB27 Aortitis

Subacute Infective Endocarditis Secondary to Cardiobacterium hominis in a Patient with Mitral Valve Prolapse

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