Cardinal Richelieu and the Development of Absolutism. G. R. R. Treasure

Levels and Water Soluble Organic Carbon of Atmospheric Nanoparticles in a Location of Ha Noi, Viet Nam

“…Mass concentrations, number concentration and WSOC of NPs at a mixed site of Ha Noi in the rainy season and the dry season were determined. The mass concentrations of nanoparticles were 4.76 µg/m 3 to 5.42 µg/m 3 while the number concentrations of these particles were 2.59 × 10 4 -3.54 × 10 4 particles/cm 3 . The average concentrations of WSOC in the rainy and dry season were 1.51 µg/m 3 and 1.09 µg/m 3 , respectively.…”

“…The mean value of number concentrations of NPs in this study is lower than that of roadside sites. However, the number concentrations in reference studies had a huge range (from 8,020 to 600,000 particles/cm 3 ), in which the values from 20,000 to 40,000 particles/cm different distances from the road kerb, different duration, and different samplers. Therefore, results obtained in this study can be considered in the same range with those of other studies in the urban and roadside environment.…”

“…Organic carbon (OC) is one of the most dominant components of atmospheric nanoparticles, representing 30 -73 % of the total mass concentration [3,4]. Organic aerosols either can be emitted to the atmosphere as primary organic ones or are formed in the atmosphere through gas-to-particle conversion processes (secondary organic aerosols -SOA).…”