<i>Candida albicans</i>
            Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Dependent Lethality and ROS-Independent Hyphal and Biofilm Inhibition by Eugenol and Citral

Shahina, Zinnat; Ndlovu, Easter; Persaud, Omkaar; Sultana, Taranum; Dahms, Tanya E. S.

doi:10.1128/spectrum.03183-22

Cited by 13 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 87 publications

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“…Following this experimental protocol, images from three independent biological replicates (see Figure 2 ) were used to determine the presence or absence of biofilm, compared with a blank well consisting of equal volumes of experimental media lacking Candida ( Shahina et al, 2022a and 2022b ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The most common method to evaluate biofilm formation is the microplate assay ( Azeredo et al, 2017 ). Here, we present a low-cost visual biofilm detection protocol that uses tissue culture plates and detection in brightfield that offers comparable results to standard assays ( Shahina et al, 2022a and 2022b ). This assay ( Figure 1 ) is suitable for researchers in developing countries where there is a lack of access to high throughput microscopy and microplate readers.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The University of Regina main campus is situated on the traditional territories of the nêhiyawak, Anihšināpēk, Nakoda, Dakota, and Lakota peoples, and the homeland of the Métis/Michif Nation. This protocol is based on previous work ( Shahina et al, 2022a and 2022b ).…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Simple and Reproducible Stereomicroscopic Method to Assess Fungal Biofilms: Application to Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

Shahina¹,

Dahms²

2023

BIO-PROTOCOL

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Candida albicans , a well-known opportunistic pathogen, is a major cause of human fungal infections. Biofilm formation is considered an important pathogenesis factor. Biofilms are less sensitive to antibiotics and immune responses, allowing them to colonize and persist in host niches. Biofilm screening is important in the identification of anti-biofilm drugs. However, developing nations, with limited financial resources, often do not have access to advanced scientific equipment. Here, we describe an in vitro, protocol using common materials and simple equipment to evaluate static microbial biofilms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Simple and Reproducible Stereomicroscopic Method to Assess Fungal Biofilms: Application to Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

Shahina¹,

Dahms²

2023

BIO-PROTOCOL

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“…ROS production was detected using the DCFDA/H2DCFDA—Cellular ROS Assay Kit (Abcam, Cambridge, United Kingdom) following a previously published protocol [ 68 , 69 ] Briefly, C. parapsilosis cells were grown overnight in RPMI medium, then, cells were sub-inoculated 1:100 in fresh RPMI medium and grown at 37°C to an OD (630 nm) corresponding to 0.6. Then, cells were washed once in PBS medium, resuspended in fresh medium, and 100 µL of the yeast suspension was added to the plastic, GO- and GO/CU-coated surfaces and incubated at 37 °C for 6 h. Then, the yeast suspension was transferred to a 1.5 mL Eppendorf, washed once, and then incubated with 10 μM DCFDA in PBS for 30 min at 37 °C according to manufacturer’s instruction.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Curcumin-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Strongly Prevents Candida parapsilosis Adhesion and Biofilm Formation

et al. 2023

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Candida parapsilosis is the major non-C. albicans species involved in the colonization of central venous catheters, causing bloodstream infections. Biofilm formation on medical devices is considered one of the main causes of healthcare-associated infections and represents a global public health problem. In this context, the development of new nanomaterials that exhibit anti-adhesive and anti-biofilm properties for the coating of medical devices is crucial. In this work, we aimed to characterize the antimicrobial activity of two different coated-surfaces, graphene oxide (GO) and curcumin-graphene oxide (GO/CU) for the first time, against C. parapsilosis. We report the capacity of GO to bind and stabilize CU molecules, realizing a homogenous coated surface. We tested the anti-planktonic activity of GO and GO/CU by growth curve analysis and quantification of Reactive Oxigen Species( ROS) production. Then, we tested the antibiofilm activity by adhesion assay, crystal violet assay, and live and dead assay; moreover, the inhibition of the formation of a mature biofilm was investigated by a viability test and the use of specific dyes for the visualization of the cells and the extra-polymeric substances. Our data report that GO/CU has anti-planktonic, anti-adhesive, and anti-biofilm properties, showing a 72% cell viability reduction and a decrease of 85% in the secretion of extra-cellular substances (EPS) after 72 h of incubation. In conclusion, we show that the GO/CU conjugate is a promising material for the development of medical devices that are refractory to microbial colonization, thus leading to a decrease in the impact of biofilm-related infections.

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“…The second mechanism of action involves the hyperpolarization of the mitochondrial membrane of fungus cells; consequently, the concentrations of ATP after CBD application at concentrations of 6.25, 12.5, and 25 µg/mL decreased by 80%, 85%, and 90%, respectively [63]. The third mechanism is an increase in the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which will cause increased cell death in C. albicans cells [60,67]. Based on the research results presented so far, cannabidiol looks the best compared to the other herbs presented.…”

Section: Herbal Preparations Used To Treat the Vagina And Vulvamentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytotherapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Narrative Review

Picheta,

Piekarz,

Burdan

et al. 2024

IJMS

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Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a real gynecological problem among women of reproductive age from 15 to 49. A recent analysis showed that 75% of women will have an occurrence at least once per year, while 5% are observed to have recurrent vaginal mycosis—these patients may become unwell four or more times a year. This pathology is caused in 85–90% of cases by fungi of the Candida albicans species. It represents an intractable medical problem for female patients due to pain and pruritus. Due to the observation of an increasing number of strains resistant to standard preparations and an increase in the recurrence of this pathology when using local or oral preferential therapy, such as fluconazole, an analysis was launched to develop alternative methods of treating VVC using herbs such as dill, turmeric, and berberine. An in-depth analysis of databases that include scientific articles from recent years made it possible to draw satisfactory conclusions supporting the validity of herbal therapy for the pathology in question. Although phytotherapy has not yet been approved by the Food and Drug Administration, it appears to be a promising therapeutic solution for strains that are resistant to existing treatments. There is research currently undergoing aimed at comparing classical pharmacotherapy and herbal therapy in the treatment of vaginal candidiasis for the purpose of increasing medical competence and knowledge for the care of the health and long-term comfort of gynecological patients.

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Candida albicans Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-Dependent Lethality and ROS-Independent Hyphal and Biofilm Inhibition by Eugenol and Citral

Cited by 13 publications

References 87 publications

A Simple and Reproducible Stereomicroscopic Method to Assess Fungal Biofilms: Application to Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

A Simple and Reproducible Stereomicroscopic Method to Assess Fungal Biofilms: Application to Antifungal Susceptibility Testing

Curcumin-Functionalized Graphene Oxide Strongly Prevents Candida parapsilosis Adhesion and Biofilm Formation

Phytotherapy of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis: A Narrative Review

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