Buena Alimentation, Buena Salud: A Preventive Nutrition Intervention in Caribbean Latinos with Type 2 Diabetes

Abstract

A culturally sensitive 3-month intervention was provided to 18 Caribbean Latino men and women with non-insulin-dependent (type 2) diabetes mellitus. Compared to the randomly assigned control group, the intervention group showed statistically significant decreases in total calories, fat calories, percent of calories from fat, saturated fat calories, and percent of calories from saturated fat The intervention group showed increases in calories from carbohydrates and in the percent of calories from fiber.

Anatomy of Culturally Sensitive Interventions Promoting Nutrition and Exercise in Hispanics: A Critical Examination of Existing Literature

“…The theory most frequently used to guide the interventions was the social learning theory (41.2%; Fitzgibbon, Stolley, Dyer, VanHorn, & KauferChristoffel, 2002; Poston et al, 2001; Rosal et al, 2005; Staten et al, 2004; Trevino et al, 2004; Vazquez, Millen, Bissett, Levenson, & Chipkin, 1998). Other theories or frameworks used were the social support framework (Avila & Hovell, 1994; Castro et al, 1995; Poston et al, 2001, 2003), a peer health worker model (Castro et al, 1995; Staten et al, 2004), self-change behavioral modification strategies (Avila & Hovell, 1994), a systems perspective (Castro et al, 1995), a self-determination theory and transtheoretical model (Fitzgibbon et al, 2002), a patient–provider communication model (Staten et al, 2004), a community organization framework (Thompson, Coronado, Chen, & Islas, 2006), socioecological theory (Trevino et al, 2004), social marketing and the Precede-Proceed Model (Wechsler, Basch, Zybert, & Shea, 1998), and a patient-centered counseling model (Rosal et al, 2005).…”

“…Formative research, including focus groups, literature searches, and surveys (Castro et al, 1995; Elder et al, 2006; Fitzgibbon et al, 1996, 2004, 2006; Rosal et al, 2005; Thompson et al, 2006; Vazquez et al, 1998), guided the design and implementation of 44% of the interventions. Formative research in these studies aimed at identifying intervention needs; exploring health-related knowledge, attitudes, and barriers; and obtaining feedback from key informants about the cultural appropriateness of the intervention.…”

Characteristics of Male Attendees of Health Education Interventions for Latinos

“…Rosal and colleagues [56,57] implemented a culturally tailored selfmanagement program for low-income Latinos with type 2 diabetes and reported that participants demonstrated improved glycemic control, self-efficacy and knowledge postintervention. Further positive findings have been associated with participation in other three-month culturally sensitive education programs on diabetes management [58][59][60]. Similar efforts have been made in promoting adherence to cancer screening guidelines in the Latino community.…”

“…These included: 'What is a pap exam? ', 'Most of the time when you find a lump in the breast it is cancer', 'A woman without a history of breast cancer should get her first mammography at age (20,40,60)?' and 'What is diabetes?'…”

Health Promotion in Latinos

“…Also, many interventions and assessments were provided in Spanish, but more attention needs to be paid to the translation process. 60 For example, researchers should consider conducting a rigorous translation/backtranslation process and cognitive interviews with Spanish speakers to make sure key intervention messages are not ***References 5, 6, 9, 25-28, 30-33, 35 † † † References 12 -19, 21, 24, 26-28, 30-33, 35, 36 ‡ ‡ ‡ References 12,13,15,17,19,28,33 lost in translation. Also, after translating an existing English questionnaire into Spanish, the reliability and validity need to be reassessed.…”