<i>Borrelia miyamotoi</i> Disease in an Immunocompetent Patient, Western Europe

Hoornstra, Dieuwertje; Koetsveld, Joris; Sprong, Hein; Platonov, Alexander E.; Hovius, Joppe W.

doi:10.3201/eid2409.180806

Cited by 34 publications

(46 citation statements)

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“…BMD cases have been reported in Europe and the USA as well, but not with such frequency [2,[36][37][38][39]. Cases that were reported from Western Europe often involved immunocompromised individuals, but more recently also immunocompetent persons [40,41]. The widespread geographic distribution of this emerging human pathogen that can utilize many different vectors and hosts, as well as the different clinical presentation of BMD, varying in clinical significance from asymptomatic infection to severe effects such as meningoencephalitis, imply the need to understand the genetic basis of this diversity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequencing of Borrelia miyamotoi isolate Izh-4: reference for a complex bacterial genome

Kuleshov

Margos²,

Fingerle³

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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Background: The genus Borrelia comprises spirochaetal bacteria maintained in natural transmission cycles by tick vectors and vertebrate reservoir hosts. The main groups are represented by a species complex including the causative agents of Lyme borreliosis and relapsing fever group Borrelia. Borrelia miyamotoi belongs to the relapsing fever group of spirochetes and forms distinct populations in North America, Asia, and Europe. As all Borrelia species B. miyamotoi possess an unusual and complex genome consisting of a linear chromosome and a number of linear and circular plasmids. The species is considered an emerging human pathogen and an increasing number of human cases are being described in the Northern hemisphere. The aim of this study was to produce a high quality reference genome that will facilitate future studies into genetic differences between different populations and the genome plasticity of B. miyamotoi. Results: We used multiple available sequencing methods, including Pacific Bioscience single-molecule real-time technology (SMRT) and Oxford Nanopore technology (ONT) supplemented with highly accurate Illumina sequences, to explore the suitability for whole genome assembly of the Russian B. miyamotoi isolate, Izh-4. Plasmids were typed according to their potential plasmid partitioning genes (PF32, 49, 50, 57/62). Comparing and combining results of both long-read (SMRT and ONT) and short-read methods (Illumina), we determined that the genome of the isolate Izh-4 consisted of one linear chromosome, 12 linear and two circular plasmids. Whilst the majority of plasmids had corresponding contigs in the Asian B. miyamotoi isolate FR64b, there were only four that matched plasmids of the North American isolate CT13-2396, indicating differences between B. miyamotoi populations. Several plasmids, e.g. lp41, lp29, lp23, and lp24, were found to carry variable major proteins. Amongst those were variable large proteins (Vlp) subtype Vlp-α, Vlp-γ, Vlp-δ and also Vlp-β. Phylogenetic analysis of common plasmids types showed the uniqueness in Russian/Asian isolates of B. miyamotoi compared to other isolates. Conclusions: We here describe the genome of a Russian B. miyamotoi clinical isolate, providing a solid basis for future comparative genomics of B. miyamotoi isolates. This will be a great impetus for further basic, molecular and epidemiological research on this emerging tick-borne pathogen.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole genome sequencing of Borrelia miyamotoi isolate Izh-4: reference for a complex bacterial genome

Kuleshov

Margos²,

Fingerle³

et al. 2020

BMC Genomics

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“…However, serological evidence for exposure was found among forestry workers [11]. More recently, a case of post-tick bite febrile syndrome has been reported in western Europe, and serological results suggested that B. miyamotoi was the causative agent of the patient's symptoms [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of Borrelia miyamotoi in febrile patients and ticks in Alsace, an endemic area for Lyme borreliosis in France

et al. 2020

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Background: Borrelia miyamotoi is a relapsing fever Borrelia species transmitted by ticks of the Ixodes ricinus complex. Human disease caused by B. miyamotoi was first described in Russia and later in the USA and Japan. Additionally, five cases of meningoencephalitis in immunocompromised patients and one case in an apparently immunocompetent patient were described. Methods: We investigated the presence of B. miyamotoi in I. ricinus nymphs and in patients suspected of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, in Alsace (France), an endemic area for I. ricinus ticks and Lyme borreliosis, using direct (PCR) and indirect diagnosis (glycerophosphoryldiester-phosphodiesterase (GlpQ) serology). Results: Borrelia miyamotoi was found in 2.2% of 4354 ticks collected between 2013 and 2016. None of the 575 blood samples, collected from the patients suspected of HGA, was found positive for B. miyamotoi by PCR. Acute and late sera from 138 of these 575 patients were available. These paired sera were tested for IgM and IgG antibodies against the B. miyamotoi GlpQ antigen. A total of 14 out of 138 patients had at least one positive parameter (i.e. anti-GlpQ IgG and/or IgM). One patient seroconverted for IgG, and three had isolated IgM in the acute serum. These three patients were treated with doxycycline which could have prevented seroconversion. After reviewing clinical data and other biological tests performed, co-exposure among different microorganisms vectored by ticks or serological cross-reactivity could not be ruled out in these different cases. One patient had persistent IgG, which strongly suggests previous exposure to B. miyamotoi. Conclusions: Humans can be exposed to B. miyamotoi through tick bites in Alsace. We present serological data for possible B. miyamotoi exposure or infection of patients with fever after tick bite. Future studies should determine the incidence, clinical course and burden of this emerging tick-borne disease in other parts of Western Europe.

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“…Both in the USA and in Europe, it has been reported that Borrelia miyamotoi disease in people causes fever (up to 40°C), pain and dizziness, chills, sweating, nausea, vomiting, increased thirst and muscle and joints pains. Some cases of meningitis, neck stiffness and cerebrovascular diseases have been reported [1,2,6,7,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This indicates the possibility of mixed infections of this etiology in humans. In theco-infections, B. burgdorferi is responsible for erythema migransdevelopment, whereas B. miyamotoi is able to cause meningoencephalitis mainly in immuno-compromised persons including alcoholics[6,7,16].…”

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Borrelia miyamotoi DNA in a patient suspected of Lyme borreliosis

Fiecek

Lewandowska

Roguska

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Clinical manifestations in infection caused by B. miyamotoi can mimick highly variable symptoms of Lyme disease. The aim of our studies was to detect DNA of B. miyamotoi spirochetes in clinical materials from patients suspected of neuroborreliosis(retrospectively).Methods Samples of blood serum and cerebrospinal fluid were collected from 133 patients with clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis. Diagnosis was established by detection of IgM and / or IgG specific antibodies to B. burgdorferi with ELISA in both sera and CSF. Specificity of positive ELISA results in sera were confirmed with Western-blot test. Bacterial DNA from the collected material was extracted, amplified and sequenced.Results Among 133 patients with clinical manifestations of neuroborreliosis recognized in the years 2010-2018., DNA of B. miyamotoi was detected in CSF from 1 (0.8%) patient with extraocular optic neuritis of the left eye (GenBank accession No. MK674170 and MK674171).Conclusion Detection of B. miyamotoi in patients with central nervous system infections, will allow a better understanding of the epidemiology of infections caused by Borrelia sp. spirochetes. Patients with neurological symptoms and questionable serological findings are a serious diagnostic problem, due to failure to meet the criteria for neuroboreliosis. This indicates the need for further studies of patients with signs of CNS infection.

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Borrelia miyamotoi Disease in an Immunocompetent Patient, Western Europe

Cited by 34 publications

References 10 publications

Whole genome sequencing of Borrelia miyamotoi isolate Izh-4: reference for a complex bacterial genome

Whole genome sequencing of Borrelia miyamotoi isolate Izh-4: reference for a complex bacterial genome

Assessment of Borrelia miyamotoi in febrile patients and ticks in Alsace, an endemic area for Lyme borreliosis in France

Borrelia miyamotoi DNA in a patient suspected of Lyme borreliosis

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