I believe I’m good at orienting myself… But is that true?

Nori, Raffaella; Piccardi, Laura

doi:10.1007/s10339-015-0655-3

Cited by 30 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 42 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…These strategies are named “spatial styles.” Some studies have found that women are usually prone to use “landmark” or “route styles,” where egocentric information is necessary. On the contrary, men usually choose a “survey style,” which implies allocentric information and capacity to represent the environment as a map (Coluccia and Louse, 2004 ; Nori et al, 2006 ; Nori and Piccardi, 2015 ). This is evident in tasks where they have to indicate how to reach a target: men normally provide cardinal points and distance information whereas women prefer to add information about landmarks (Miller and Santoni, 1986 ; Ward et al, 1986 ; Schmitz, 1997 ; Dabbs et al, 1998 ; Denis et al, 1999 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style

et al. 2017

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Field independence refers to the ability to perceive details from the surrounding context as a whole and to represent the environment by relying on an internal reference frame. Conversely, field dependence individuals tend to focus their attention on single environmental features analysing them individually. This cognitive style affects several visuo-spatial abilities including spatial memory. This study assesses both the effect of field independence and field dependence on performance displayed on virtual environments of different complexity. Forty young healthy individuals took part in this study. Participants performed the Embedded Figures Test for field independence or dependence assessment and a new spatial memory recognition test. The spatial memory recognition test demanded to memorize a green box location in a virtual room picture. Thereafter, during ten trials participants had to decide if a green box was located in the same position as in the sample picture. Five of the pictures were correct. The information available in the virtual room was manipulated. Hence, two different experimental conditions were tested: a virtual room containing all landmarks and a virtual room with only two cues. Accuracy and reaction time were registered. Analyses demonstrated that higher field independent individuals were related to better spatial memory performance in two landmarks condition and were faster in all landmark condition. In addition, men and women did not differ in their performance. These results suggested that cognitive style affects spatial memory performance and this phenomenon is modulated by environment complexity. This does not affect accuracy but time spent. Moreover, field dependent individuals are unable to organize the navigational field by relying on internal reference frames when few landmarks are available, and this causes them to commit more errors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style

et al. 2017

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“…Although gender differences are not uniformly found, when they are found they often favour males [3,49,53]. However, gender difference is still preserves its' uncertainty to this day because there are many individual differences and other factors that may have effect on wayfinding and spatial navigation [10,[13][14][15][16][17]35,48,58,62,63,67,79,82].…”

Section: Gender Difference and Wayfinding Performancementioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of correlated colour temperature on wayfinding: A study in a virtual airport environment

2018

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This study was designed to explore the effects of lighting's correlated colour temperature (CCT) on wayfinding performance in airports and to compare different CCTs to understand their effects on wayfinding performance. The experiment was conducted in a single phase with the participation of three different groups of university students who experienced the virtual airport environment in three different lighting settings: 3000 K, 6500 K and 12,000 K. The participants were asked to direct the researcher from the starting point to the final destination. It was found that CCT has no significant effect on wayfinding performance in terms of time spent, total number of errors, total number of decision points or route choice. However, CCT does have a significant effect on hesitation; the number of hesitations decreased when CCT increased from 3000 K to 12,000 K. Gender difference was also explored regarding hesitations in this study.

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“…Wayfinding anxiety has been associated with poorer performance, lower self-efficacy, and less pleasure in exploring in spatial tasks (Lawton, 1994; Coluccia and Louse, 2004; Pazzaglia et al, 2018). Interestingly, even though women have been described as being more anxious than men when wayfinding (Lawton, 1994, 1996; Schmitz, 1997; Schug, 2016) and having less self-confidence to solve spatial tasks (Picucci et al, 2011; Nori and Piccardi, 2015), they perform comparably and achieve similar results as men in spatial tasks such as mental rotation tasks (Neuburger et al, 2012), wayfinding tasks (Lawton, 1996), and spatial environmental tasks (Nori and Piccardi, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

Munoz-Montoya

Fidalgo

Juan

et al. 2019

Front. Hum. Neurosci.

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The potential of augmented reality (AR) technology for the study of spatial memory and orientation is a new research field. AR defines systems that attempt to enhance the user’s experience with the physical world. In our app, we enhance the sense of sight by adding interactive 3D elements to the real environment. Our app can be used in any real environment so that the experimental conditions during the tasks and the way in which an individual navigates are similar to those used in real life. With AR, the experimenter has a high level of control of the task and can store the participant’s responses accurately. The classical factors that influence an individual’s performance on virtual spatial tasks are gender and cognitive factors. The influence of emotional factors on spatial performance has been studied more recently. Since AR tasks for the study of spatial memory and spatial orientation are new developments, little is known about the factors that are related to performance on tasks of this type. In our study, we tested 46 young adults (26 women) in an AR object-location task that was performed in a building. The participants had to memorize the position of eight virtual objects while they were walking through the environment. We also assessed the participants’ performance on an object-recall task, a map-pointing task, and a paper-and-pencil spatial orientation task. The self-reported importance of different spatial strategies for wayfinding and the levels of trait anxiety and wayfinding anxiety were also evaluated. Our findings indicate that men performed better on the spatial paper-and-pencil test and spent more time completing the learning phase of the AR task. The spatial memory for the location of the objects in AR and on the map correlated positively. Anxiety was related to individual differences in the self-reported use of a spatial orientation strategy, but the association among them was weak. Trait anxiety was positively related to the time employed by the participants during the learning phase of the AR task, whereas wayfinding anxiety correlated negatively with the preference for an orientation strategy. Our results highlight the importance of anxiety in spatial orientation.

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I believe I’m good at orienting myself… But is that true?

Cited by 30 publications

References 42 publications

Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style

Differences in Spatial Memory Recognition Due to Cognitive Style

The effects of correlated colour temperature on wayfinding: A study in a virtual airport environment

Memory for Object Location in Augmented Reality: The Role of Gender and the Relationship Among Spatial and Anxiety Outcomes

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