<i>Bean dwarf mosaic virus</i> BV1 Protein Is a Determinant of the Hypersensitive Response and Avirulence in <i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i>

Garrido-Ramirez, E. R.; Sudarshana, Mysore R.; Lucas, William J.; Gilbertson, R. L.

doi:10.1094/mpmi.2000.13.11.1184

Cited by 64 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The NSP of Bean dwarf mosaic virus is reported to be an avirulence determinant inducing a hypersensitive response (HR) in Phaseolus vulgaris (10). The HR is associated with specific recognition and resistance to infection by a range of plant pathogens, which is often accompanied by the collapse of challenged host cells (4,23).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Nuclear Shuttle Protein ofTomato Leaf Curl New Delhi VirusIs a Pathogenicity Determinant

Hussain

Mansoor

Iram

et al. 2005

J Virol

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Geminiviruses are single-stranded DNA viruses that infect a broad range of dicotyledonous and monocotyledonous plants. Viruses of the family Geminiviridae have been classified into four genera based on host range and genome organization (30). Of these, the whitefly-transmitted geminiviruses (genus Begomovirus) are the largest group, with more than 100 virus species identified so far (8). Geminiviruses replicate in the nuclei of host cells by a rolling-circle replication mechanism (reviewed in reference 11). For the propagation of infection in the host, these viruses encode movement proteins that direct the viral genome to the cortical cytoplasm and across the barrier of the cell wall. For bipartite begomoviruses, this process requires two proteins, encoded by the component designated DNA B: the nuclear shuttle protein (NSP) and the cell-to-cell movement protein (MP). These proteins act cooperatively to move the viral DNA from its site of replication in the nucleus to the cytoplasm and into adjacent plant cells (32).The geminivirus MP and NSP recognize DNA in a form-and size-specific manner (12,29). The NSP shuttles newly replicated viral DNA between the nucleus and the cytoplasm (42). MP traps these NSP-viral DNA complexes in the cytoplasm and redirects them to and across the plant cell wall (24,43). In adjacent cells, the NSP-viral DNA complexes are released, and NSP targets the viral DNA to the nucleus to initiate new rounds of infection. This process of movement is highly regulated. Recently, an acetyltransferase has been isolated from Arabidopsis thaliana that interacts with the NSP encoded by the bipartite begomovirus Cabbage leaf curl virus (22). This protein regulates the nuclear export of the viral DNA and is highly conserved in plants.

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confidence: 99%

The Nuclear Shuttle Protein ofTomato Leaf Curl New Delhi VirusIs a Pathogenicity Determinant

Hussain

Mansoor

Iram

et al. 2005

J Virol

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“…Pseudorecombination studies, together with the construction of hybrid viruses, have implicated both protein-encoding regions and noncoding regions of DNA-A and DNA-B as genetic determinants of multiple viral biological properties. These properties include host adaptation (11,30,31,41), tissue tropism (26,33), host range (15,17), symptomatology (9,40), and an avirulence determinant conditioning a hypersensitive reaction (10). In contrast to the highly specific recognition of the bipartite geminiviral origin of DNA replication by viral replication-associated proteins (Rep), the betasatellites appear to be able to use the Rep proteins from a diverse range of monopartite begomoviruses (3,24).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Determinants of Symptoms on Viral DNA Satellites

Ding

Qing

et al. 2009

Appl Environ Microbiol

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Begomovirus-DNA-␤ disease complexes induce different symptom phenotypes in their hosts. To investigate the genetic determinants of the phenotypic differences, Nicotiana spp. and tomato plants were inoculated with infectious clones of Tobacco curly shoot virus (TbCSV)/TbCSV DNA-␤ (TbCSB) and Tomato yellow leaf curl China virus (TYLCCNV)/TYLCCNV DNA-␤ (TYLCCNB) pseudorecombinants and showed that TYLCCNB induced characteristic vein-thickening and enation symptoms, while TbCSB only slightly exacerbated the leaf-curling symptoms, regardless of the helper virus being used. The roles of DNA-␤-encoded ␤C1 and a 430-nucleotide fragment containing the A-rich region and the putative ␤C1 promoter region of the ␤C1 gene (referred to as AP) in symptom development were further investigated by constructing hybrid satellites in which the ␤C1 coding region or AP was exchanged between the two satellite molecules. A TYLCCNB hybrid with TbCSB ␤C1 lost the ability to elicit the vein-thickening and enation phenotypes. TbCSB hybrids containing the TYLCCNB ␤C1 or AP fragment failed to induce the characteristic vein thickening and enations. A TYLCCNB hybrid having the TbCSB AP fragment produced the enations, but the number of enations was less and their sizes were reduced. Differently from the phloem-specific pattern of the TYLCCNB promoter, a full-length fragment upstream of the TbCSB ␤C1 gene confers a constitutive ␤-glucuronidase expression pattern in transgenic tobacco plants. The above results indicate that the DNA-␤-encoded ␤C1 protein is the symptom determinant, but the promoter of the ␤C1 gene has influence on symptom production.Geminiviruses are small plant viruses with circular singlestranded DNA (ssDNA) genomes that are encapsidated in unique twinned (geminate) particles. Members of the genus Begomovirus are transmitted by whiteflies (Bemisia tabaci) and infect dicotyledonous plants (42). Begomoviruses have either one or two circular ssDNA genomic components (DNA-A and DNA-B). The DNA-A component is capable of autonomous replication and encapsidation, whereas the DNA-B component encodes two proteins (BC1 and BV1) involved in movement (14). Recently, some monopartite begomoviruses have been found in association with a novel satellite DNA molecule, referred to as DNA-␤ and now known as a betasatellite (2,5,20,22,38,45). DNA-␤ is approximately half the size of the viral genomic DNA, and apart from a nonanucleotide sequence (TA ATATTAC), it has little sequence identity with viral genomic DNA. DNA-␤ depends on the helper virus for replication and encapsidation and, in turn, is required for the induction of bona fide disease symptoms. DNA-␤ bears a ␤C1 open reading frame (ORF) on the complementary-sense strand, which is conserved among distinct betasatellites in terms of position and size. Mutational analyses and constitutive expression have shown that ␤C1 is a strong pathogenicity/symptom determinant (7, 34, 39).Begomovirus-DNA-␤ disease complexes are associated with a wide range of plant species and induce different sets of sympto...

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“…We had shown previously that mGFP4 could be exchanged for the AV1 ( CP ) gene of BDMV-A without altering the genome size (Sudarshana et al, 1998). This construct, here referred to as BDA-GFP, served as an effective reporter for viral cell-to-cell and systemic spread (Sudarshana et al, 1998;Wang et al, 1999;Garrido-Ramirez et al, 2000). Figure 1A shows the plasmid maps of pBDA1.5 and pBDAG1.5, which are multimeric clones of wild-type BDMV-A and BDA-GFP, respectively.…”

Section: Production Of Bean Dwarf Mosaic Virus Dna-a Size-increased Cmentioning

confidence: 99%

Limitations on Geminivirus Genome Size Imposed by Plasmodesmata and Virus-Encoded Movement Protein: Insights into DNA Trafficking

et al. 2003

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Animals and plants evolved systems to permit non-cell-autonomous trafficking of RNA, whereas DNA plays a cell-autonomous role. In plants, plasmodesmata serve as the conduit for this phenomenon, and viruses have evolved to use this pathway for the spread of infectious nucleic acids. In this study, a plant DNA virus was used to explore the constraints imposed on the movement of DNA through this endogenous RNA trafficking pathway. The combined properties of the geminivirusencoded movement protein and plasmodesmata were shown to impose a strict limitation on the size of the viral genome at the level of cell-to-cell movement. Size-increased viral genome components underwent homologous and nonhomologous recombination to overcome this strict limitation. Our results provide insights into the genetic mechanisms that underlie viral evolution and provide a likely explanation for why relatively few types of plant DNA viruses have evolved: they would have had to overcome the constraints imposed by an endogenous system operating to ensure that DNA acts in a cell-autonomous manner.

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Bean dwarf mosaic virus BV1 Protein Is a Determinant of the Hypersensitive Response and Avirulence in Phaseolus vulgaris

Cited by 64 publications

References 59 publications

The Nuclear Shuttle Protein ofTomato Leaf Curl New Delhi VirusIs a Pathogenicity Determinant

The Nuclear Shuttle Protein ofTomato Leaf Curl New Delhi VirusIs a Pathogenicity Determinant

Genetic Determinants of Symptoms on Viral DNA Satellites

Limitations on Geminivirus Genome Size Imposed by Plasmodesmata and Virus-Encoded Movement Protein: Insights into DNA Trafficking

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