<i>Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus</i> HD100, a predator of Gram-negative bacteria, benefits energetically from <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> biofilms without predation

Im, Hansol; Dwidar, Mohammed; Mitchell, Robert J.

doi:10.1038/s41396-018-0154-5

Cited by 54 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 21 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small (0.2- to 0.5-μm wide and 0.5- to 2.5-μm long) Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its ability to invade and kill other Gram-negative bacteria. Moreover, it was demonstrated that B. bacteriovorus also benefits from interacting with Gram-positive biofilms ( Staphylococcus aureus ) (1). Bacteria belonging to the Bdellovibrio genus are largely found in wet, aerobic environments (i.e., soil) (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of chromosome replication and its relationship to predatory attack lifestyles in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

Makowski

Trojanowski

Till

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

13Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small Gram-negative, an obligate predatory bacterium that is 14 largely found in wet, aerobic environments (i.e. soil). This bacterium attacks and invades other 15 Gram-negative bacteria, including animal and plant pathogens. The intriguing life cycle of B. 16 bacteriovorus consists of two phases: a free-living non-replicative attack phase wherein the 17 predatory bacterium searches for its prey, and a reproductive phase, in which B. bacteriovorus 18 degrades a host's macromolecules and reuses them for its own growth and chromosome 19 replication. Although the cell biology of this predatory bacterium has gained considerable 20 interest in recent years, we know almost nothing about the dynamics of chromosome replication 21 in B. bacteriovorus. Here, we performed a real-time investigation into the subcellular 22 localization of the replisome(s) in single cells of B. bacteriovorus. Our results confirm that in 23 B. bacteriovorus chromosome replication fires only during the reproductive phase, and show 24 for the first time that this predatory bacterium exhibits a novel spatiotemporal arrangement of 25 chromosome replication. The replication process starts at the invasive pole of the predatory 26 bacterium inside the prey cell and proceeds until several copies of the chromosome have been 27 completely synthesized. This chromosome replication is not coincident with the predator-cell 28 division, and it terminates shortly before synchronous predator-filament septation occurs. In 29 addition, we demonstrate that if this lifecycle fails in some cells of B. bacteriovorus, they can 30 instead use two prey cells sequentially to complete their life cycle. 31 Importance 32 New strategies are needed to combat multidrug-resistant bacterial infections. Application of the 33 predatory bacterium, Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus, which kills other bacteria including 34 pathogens, is considered promising for bacterial infections. The B. bacteriovorus life cycle 35 consists of two phases, a free-living, invasive attack phase and an intracellular reproductive 36 phase, in which this predatory bacterium degrades the host's macromolecules and reuses them 37 3 for its own growth. To understand the use of B. bacteriovorus as a 'living antibiotic', it is first 38 necessary to dissect its life cycle including chromosome replication. Here, we present for the 39 first time a real-time investigation into subcellular localization of chromosome replication in a 40 single cells of B. bacteriovorus. This process initiates at the invasion pole of B. bacteriovorus 41 and proceeds until several copies of the chromosome have been completely synthesized. 42 Interestingly, we demonstrate that some cells of B. bacteriovorus require two prey cells 43 sequentially to complete their life cycle. 44 45Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus is a small (0.2-to 0.5-μm wide and 0.5-to 2.5-μm long) 46 Gram-negative bacterium that is unusual in its ability to invade and kill other Gram-negative 47 bacteria. Moreover, it was demonstrated th...

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of chromosome replication and its relationship to predatory attack lifestyles in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

Makowski

Trojanowski

Till

et al. 2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Biofilms represent a lump of prey for Bdellovibrio. It possesses the lytic enzymes needed to chew the extracellular matrix that holds cells within the biofilm and can likely derive valuable nutrients from this (Im et al 2018). Bdellovibrio can predate the metabolically inactive cells found deeper within biofilms and its gliding motility allows it to move within the biofilm (Lambert et al 2011).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predation strategies of the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus result in overexploitation and bottlenecks

Summers

Kreft

2019

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

11With increasing antimicrobial resistance, alternatives for treating infections or removing resistant 12 bacteria are urgently needed, such as the bacterial predator Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus or 13 bacteriophage. Therefore, we need to better understand microbial predator-prey dynamics. We 14 developed mass-action mathematical models of predation for chemostats, which capture the low 15 substrate concentration and slow growth typical for intended application areas of the predators such 16 as wastewater treatment, aquaculture or the gut. Our model predicted a minimal prey size required 17 for predator survival, explaining why Bdellovibrio is much smaller than its prey. A too good predator 18 (attack rate too high, mortality too low) overexploited its prey leading to extinction (tragedy of the 19 commons). Surprisingly, a predator taking longer to produce more offspring outcompeted a predator 20 producing fewer offspring more rapidly (rate versus yield trade-off). Predation was only efficient in a 21 narrow region around optimal parameters. Moreover, extreme oscillations under a wide range of 22 conditions led to severe bottlenecks. A bacteriophage outcompeted Bdellovibrio due to its higher 23 burst size and faster life cycle. Together, results suggest that Bdellovibrio would struggle to survive 24 on a single prey, explaining why it must be a generalist predator and suggesting it is better suited to 25 environments with multiple prey than phage. 26 Summers & Kreft Predation strategies of Bdellovibrio 2 157 Since the oscillations generated by our Bdellovibrio model had a much longer period, extremely 158 abrupt rises and falls and a strong asymmetry in wave shapes compared to the typical Lotka-159 Volterra models for animal populations, we compared our model with a protist predator model by 160 Curds and Bazin [27] that generated similarly extreme but shorter period oscillations. The period of 161 the protist model could be increased to that of the Bdellovibrio model just by replacing protist with 162 Bdellovibrio kinetic parameters (SI text on Protist model, Fig. S5).

show abstract

“…1B), suggesting the predatory activities might be enhanced under these conditions. To test this, we employed a bioluminescent strain of E. coli MG1655/pUCDK as the prey and measured the attack rates using the bioluminescence (BL) decrease (i.e., 'shutting-off') as described previously (Im et al, 2014;Im et al, 2018). The quantitative results for both the control and predated samples are provided in Fig.…”

Section: Enhanced Attack Rates Are Seen In Slightly Viscous Mediamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The optical density of resuspended culture was adjusted to 1.0 (OD 600nm ) and the predator (top agar piece) was added to initiate predation. For the liquid predatory cultures, the typical PPR used was between 0.02 and 0.05, which was determined as described previously (Im et al, 2018). After predation overnight, the culture was filtered using a 0.45 μm filter (Advantec, USA) to remove any remaining prey or bdelloplasts and used in the predation experiments as described below.…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Their Growthmentioning

confidence: 99%

Viscosity has dichotomous effects onBdellovibrio bacteriovorusHD100 predation

Kwon

Cho

et al. 2019

Environmental Microbiology

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100 is a highly motile predatory bacterium that consumes other Gram‐negative bacteria for its sustenance. Here, we describe the impacts the media viscosity has both on the motility of predator and its attack rates. Experiments performed in polyethylene glycol (PEG) solutions, a linear polymer, found a viscosity of 10 mPa s (5% PEG) negatively impacted predation over a 24‐h period. When the viscosity was increased to 27 mPa s (10% PEG), predation was nearly abolished. Tests with three other B. bacteriovorus strains, i.e., 109J and two natural isolates, found identical results. Short‐term (2‐h) experiments, however, found attack rates were improved in 1% PEG, which had a viscosity of 5.4 mPa s, using bioluminescent prey and their viabilities. In contrast, when experiments were performed in dextran, a branched polymer, no increase in predation was seen even though the viscosity was a comparable 5.1 mPa s. The enhanced attack rates in this solution coincided with a 31% increase in B. bacteriovorus HD100 swimming speeds (62 μm s−1 in 1% PEG vs. 47.5 μm s−1 in HEPES‐salt).

show abstract

Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus HD100, a predator of Gram-negative bacteria, benefits energetically from Staphylococcus aureus biofilms without predation

Cited by 54 publications

References 21 publications

Dynamics of chromosome replication and its relationship to predatory attack lifestyles in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

Dynamics of chromosome replication and its relationship to predatory attack lifestyles in Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus

Predation strategies of the bacterium Bdellovibrio bacteriovorus result in overexploitation and bottlenecks

Viscosity has dichotomous effects onBdellovibrio bacteriovorusHD100 predation

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About