<i>Bartonella henselae</i>encephalopathy in a paediatric patient: A case report and treatment review

Bejarano, A Peláez; Moral, Raquel Sánchez del; Guisado-Gil, Ana Belén

doi:10.1111/jcpt.13178

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Furthermore, it was possible to identify genes related to family 4 glycosyltransferase enzymes in some species of Bartonella. Considering that such enzymes are associated with the accumulation of glycogen for the survival of the agent in the environment, they may be involved in the maintenance of some Bartonella species in flea and lice feces [65]. Interestingly, although no genes related to this family of enzymes were found in the genome of the Bartonella strain 117A isolated herein, such genes were found in the genome of B. machadoae, which was recently isolated from Trichomys fosteri' blood samples in the same region where the present study was performed [10].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Bartonella spp. in Marsupials from Brazil, with a Description of Bartonella harrusi sp. nov. and a New Proposal for the Taxonomic Reclassification of Species of the Genus Bartonella

et al. 2022

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The genus Bartonella (Rhizobiales: Bartonellaceae) encompasses facultative intracellular Gram-negative alphaproteobacteria that parasitize mainly erythrocytes and endothelial cells, as well as macrophages, monocytes and dendritic cells. Although they can infect numerous mammal species and arthropod vectors worldwide, reports of Bartonella infections in marsupials are scarce. In fact, such agents have only been detected in marsupials and/or associated ectoparasites in Australia and the United States of America until the present moment. The present study aimed to isolate and characterize molecularly, morphologically and phenotypically Bartonella infecting free-living marsupials sampled in the Brazilian Pantanal, the largest wetland in South America. Two marsupials were captured in December 2018 and six marsupials in February 2019, totaling eight small mammals sampled: five (62.5%) Thylamys macrurus and three (37.5%) Monodelphis domestica. All blood samples were submitted to qPCR for Bartonella spp. based on the nuoG gene, a pre-enrichment liquid culture and a chocolate agar solid culture. Bartonella sp. was isolated from 3 T. macrurus and one M. domestica. One Bartonella isolate obtained from a T. macrurus blood sample (strain 117A) that showed to be closely related to the Bartonella vinsonii complex and Bartonella machadoae was selected for whole genome sequencing using a hybrid approach based on Illumina NovaSeq and Nanopore sequencing platforms. This strain showed a genome of 2.35 Mbp, with an average C + G content of 38.8%, coding for 2013 genes, and a 29 kb plasmid with an average C + G content of 34.5%. In addition, this strain exhibited an average nucleotide identity (ANI) of 85% with Bartonella species belonging to the B. vinsonii group and 91% with B. machadoae. Phylogenomic analysis based on 291 protein coding genes shared by the genomes of 53 Bartonella species positioned this strain closely to B. machadoae. This new isolated species was named Bartonella harrusi sp. nov., which was characterized as having small capnophilic, microaerophilic and aerobic rods with an absence of pili and flagella. In conclusion, the present work describes the biochemical, phenotypic and genomic characteristics of Bartonella harrusi, a new species isolated from the T. macrurus blood samples of the Brazilian Pantanal. Finally, a review of the taxonomic classification of members of the genus Bartonella is proposed, based on the ANI values accessed by whole genome sequencing analyses.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Report of Bartonella spp. in Marsupials from Brazil, with a Description of Bartonella harrusi sp. nov. and a New Proposal for the Taxonomic Reclassification of Species of the Genus Bartonella

et al. 2022

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“…Bejarano et al reported a case in which a child presenting fever and tonic–clonic seizures was effectively treated with an approximately four-month course of azithromycin and rifampin [ 172 ].…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to their deep penetration of the central nervous system, the majority of researchers and doctors strongly advise a protocol of doxycycline and rifampin for 10–14 days [ 102 ], with a treatment course of 2–4 weeks in immunocompetent individuals and four months in immunosuppressed patients, but the antibiotic treatments used may vary in terms of the drug category and length of time. Antiepileptics usually cure the majority of patients within three days to two years [ 172 ]. Bogue et al revealed that clinical signs of systemic CSD rapidly resolved in three critically sick patients following intravenous gentamicin-sulfate therapy [ 174 ].…”

Section: Therapymentioning

confidence: 99%

The Clinical Profile of Cat-Scratch Disease’s Neuro-Ophthalmological Effects

et al. 2022

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Cat-scratch disease is an illness caused by Bartonella henselae that occurs as a result of contact with an infected kitten or dog, such as a bite or scratch. It is more prevalent in children and young adults, as well as immunocompromised individuals. There are limited publications examining the features of CSD in patients. As such, the purpose of this research was to assess the clinical neuro-ophthalmological consequences of CSD reported in the literature. Among the ophthalmologic disorders caused by cat-scratch disease in humans, Parinaud oculoglandular syndrome, uveitis, vitritis, retinitis, retinochoroiditis and optic neuritis are the most prevalent. The neurological disorders caused by cat-scratch disease in humans include encephalopathy, transverse myelitis, radiculitis, and cerebellar ataxia. The current review addresses the neuro-ophthalmological clinical manifestations of cat-scratch disease, as described in papers published over the last four decades (1980–2022). All the data gathered were obtained from PubMed, Medline and Google Scholar. The current descriptive review summarizes the most-often-encountered clinical symptomatology in instances of cat-scratch disease with neurological and ocular invasion. Thus, the purpose of this review is to increase knowledge of cat-scratch disease’s neuro-ophthalmological manifestations.

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“…Atypical manifestations of CSD involve the eyes, nervous system, heart, liver, spleen, or the development of a prolonged fever of unknown origin [2]. The primary neurological manifestations of CSD include neuroretinitis, encephalopathy, transverse myelitis, spinal radiculitis, and cerebellar ataxia [3][4][5]. Meningitis is rare in CSD patients [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A pediatric case of cat scratch disease complicated by meningitis diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing

Jin,

Wen,

Wang

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Background While the clinical manifestations of cat scratch disease (CSD) can vary, the occurrence of meningitis in CSD patients is rare. Here we present a case of CSD complicated by meningitis associated with Bartonella henselae (B. henselae). Case presentation: An 11-year-old child developed prolonged fever, accompanied by a mild cough and headache. Metagenomic next-generation sequencing identified B. henselae in the blood, and meningitis was confirmed through cerebrospinal fluid analysis. The patient was diagnosed with CSD complicated by meningitis and recovered after receiving antibiotic and prednisone therapies. Conclusion For children with CSD presenting with neurological symptoms, the presence of CSD meningitis must not be overlooked.

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Bartonella henselaeencephalopathy in a paediatric patient: A case report and treatment review

Cited by 6 publications

References 27 publications

First Report of Bartonella spp. in Marsupials from Brazil, with a Description of Bartonella harrusi sp. nov. and a New Proposal for the Taxonomic Reclassification of Species of the Genus Bartonella

First Report of Bartonella spp. in Marsupials from Brazil, with a Description of Bartonella harrusi sp. nov. and a New Proposal for the Taxonomic Reclassification of Species of the Genus Bartonella

The Clinical Profile of Cat-Scratch Disease’s Neuro-Ophthalmological Effects

A pediatric case of cat scratch disease complicated by meningitis diagnosed by Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing

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