<i>Bacteroides</i>Induce Higher IgA Production Than<i>Lactobacillus</i>by Increasing Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Expression in B Cells in Murine Peyer’s Patches

Yanagibashi, Tsutomu; Hosono, Akira; Oyama, Akihito; Tsuda, Masato; Hachimura, Satoshi; Takahashi, Yoshimasa; Itoh, Kazuyoshi; Hirayama, Kazuhiro; Takahashi, Kyôko; Kaminogawa, Shuichi

doi:10.1271/bbb.80612

Cited by 50 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…There are many reports that some probiotic bacteria strains induce IgA production in the intestine. However, not all probiotic strains have the ability to induce production of IgA in vivo , even when the induction of IgA production is confirmed by in vitro studies [13], [33], [34]. It is known that different probiotic strains have different properties and that it is not possible to extrapolate the effects of one probiotic strain to others or the effect of one strain with a specific pathogen to other pathogens [35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In humans, individuals with IgA deficiency have increased rates of respiratory and gastrointestinal infectious diseases, and lympho-proliferative disorders of the small intestine [9]. It has been reported that intestinal commensal bacteria induce IgA production by developing gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) in the small and large intestine [10]–[13]. Within the network of intestinal immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) play a critical role in the switching between stimulating immune regulation or activating immune responses of commensal microbiota [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 Induces TGF-β Expression in Dendritic Cells and Activates TLR2 Signal to Produce IgA in the Small Intestine

et al. 2014

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Probiotic bacteria provide benefits in enhancing host immune responses and protecting against infection. Induction of IgA production by oral administration of probiotic bacteria in the intestine has been considered to be one reason for this beneficial effect, but the mechanisms of the effect are poorly understood. Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 (LG2055) is a probiotic bacterium with properties such as bile tolerance, ability to improve the intestinal environment, and it has preventive effects related to abdominal adiposity. In this study, we have found that oral administration of LG2055 induced IgA production and increased the rate of IgA+ cell population in Peyer's patch and in the lamina propria of the mouse small intestine. The LG2055 markedly increased the amount of IgA in a co-culture of B cells and bone marrow derived dendritic cells (BMDC), and TLR2 signal is critical for it. In addition, it is demonstrated that LG2055 stimulates BMDC to promote the production of TGF-β, BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10, all critical for IgA production from B cells. Combined stimulation of B cells with BAFF and LG2055 enhanced the induction of IgA production. Further, TGF-β signal was shown to be critical for LG2055-induced IgA production in the B cell and BMDC co-culture system, but TGF-β did not induce IgA production in a culture of only B cells stimulated with LG2055. Furthermore, TGF-β was critical for the production of BAFF, IL-6, IL-10, and TGF-β itself from LG2055-stimulated BMDC. These results demonstrate that TGF-β was produced by BMDC stimulated with LG2055 and it has an autocrine/paracrine function essential for BMDC to induce the production of BAFF, IL-6, and IL-10.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 Induces TGF-β Expression in Dendritic Cells and Activates TLR2 Signal to Produce IgA in the Small Intestine

et al. 2014

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“…5. Box plots show the percent amino acid identity for metagenomic reads (all 137 metagenomes available at CAMERA, Broad Phage Metagenome, January 2012) recruiting to predicted genes from C. baltica phages (designated as genera [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12], as well as three T4-like phages: marine Prochlorococcus phage P-SSM4 (GenBank accession no. NC_006884), marine Vibrio phage KVP40 (GenBank accession no.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacteroidetes bacteria are abundant and active members of bacterial communities in various habitats ranging from Antarctic soil (6) to surface (7) and deep (8) oceans and even the human gut. In humans, Bacteroidetes comprise 30% of the gut microbiota and play important roles for fat storage (9) and the immune system (10). In the oceans, Bacteroidetes is the third most abundant bacterial phylum (7,8), and there these bacteria are active in degrading biopolymers (11) and involved in recycling of phytoplankton bloom-related organic matter (12).…”

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confidence: 99%

Twelve previously unknown phage genera are ubiquitous in global oceans

Holmfeldt

Solonenko

Shah

et al. 2013

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

171

183

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Viruses are fundamental to ecosystems ranging from oceans to humans, yet our ability to study them is bottlenecked by the lack of ecologically relevant isolates, resulting in "unknowns" dominating culture-independent surveys. Here we present genomes from 31 phages infecting multiple strains of the aquatic bacterium Cellulophaga baltica (Bacteroidetes) to provide data for an underrepresented and environmentally abundant bacterial lineage. Comparative genomics delineated 12 phage groups that (i) each represent a new genus, and (ii) represent one novel and four wellknown viral families. This diversity contrasts the few well-studied marine phage systems, but parallels the diversity of phages infecting human-associated bacteria. Although all 12 Cellulophaga phages represent new genera, the podoviruses and icosahedral, nontailed ssDNA phages were exceptional, with genomes up to twice as large as those previously observed for each phage type. Structural novelty was also substantial, requiring experimental phage proteomics to identify 83% of the structural proteins. The presence of uncommon nucleotide metabolism genes in four genera likely underscores the importance of scavenging nutrient-rich molecules as previously seen for phages in marine environments. Metagenomic recruitment analyses suggest that these particular Cellulophaga phages are rare and may represent a first glimpse into the phage side of the rare biosphere. However, these analyses also revealed that these phage genera are widespread, occurring in 94% of 137 investigated metagenomes. Together, this diverse and novel collection of phages identifies a small but ubiquitous fraction of unknown marine viral diversity and provides numerous environmentally relevant phage-host systems for experimental hypothesis testing. model systems | phage genomics | phage taxonomy | queuosine biosynthesis | prophage

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“…oraz inne bakterie Gram-dodatnie o morfologii niciowatej i segmentowanej). Może to sugerować, że na tej drodze bakterie współzawodniczą między sobą i bakterie słabiej indukujące wydzielanie sIgA uzyskują liczbową dominację (35). W obrębie sIgA podklasa sIgA2 jest mniej wrażliwa na degradację przez bakteryjne proteazy.…”

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Intestinal microbiota as part of normal physiology of the host

Binek¹,

Rzewuska²,

Kizerwetter-Świda³

et al. 2016

Medycyna Weterynaryjna

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The gastrointestinal tract in humans and animals contains a very large number of highly diverse microorganisms. This microbiota plays a major role in the host’s physiology, homeostasis, and well-being. It forms a barrier against infection, helps to develop and mature the immune system, and participates in the extraction of nutrients and energy from food. Various members of microbial community maintain the integrity of the intestinal barrier and promote epithelial repair after injury. The intestinal barrier defenses consist of the mucous layer, antimicrobial peptides, secretory IgA, and the epithelial barrier function by junctional adhesion complex. A healthy host exists in a state of balance with its microorganisms. A disruption of the microbial community increases the host’s susceptibility to infection. Although the immune response is necessary for the host to eliminate the invading pathogen, certain aspects of the host’s response may work to the pathogen’s advantage. Certain components of the microbiota have been shown to drive inflammatory response, which, if uncontrolled, has the potential to induce a pathological response, whereas others enhance or promote anti-inflammatory responses. The effector microbial molecules are usually detected via receptor-signaling pathways including Toll-like receptors, NOD-like receptors, and C-type lectin receptors. These pattern-recognition receptors (PRRs) interact with and identify microbe-associated molecular patterns (MAMPs) of both commensal and pathogenic bacteria. PRRs signaling, once thought to exclusively yield pro-inflammatory activation by pathogenic bacteria, is now known to be differentially activated by commensal and probiotic bacteria to induce pathways involved in gut homeostasis, cytoprotection, epithelial cell proliferation, regulation of tight junctions, and antimicrobial peptide secretion. The microbial-epithelial cross-talk is fundamental in appreciating how the developing intestine achieves tolerance to bacteria and how dysregulation of this process may predispose the gut to inflammation and disease.

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BacteroidesInduce Higher IgA Production ThanLactobacillusby Increasing Activation-Induced Cytidine Deaminase Expression in B Cells in Murine Peyer’s Patches

Cited by 50 publications

References 27 publications

Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 Induces TGF-β Expression in Dendritic Cells and Activates TLR2 Signal to Produce IgA in the Small Intestine

Lactobacillus gasseri SBT2055 Induces TGF-β Expression in Dendritic Cells and Activates TLR2 Signal to Produce IgA in the Small Intestine

Twelve previously unknown phage genera are ubiquitous in global oceans

Intestinal microbiota as part of normal physiology of the host

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