<i>Bactemides gingivalis</i> vesicles mediate attachment of streptococci to serum‐coated hydroxyapatite

Singh, Umadatt; Grenier, Daniel; McBride, B C

doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.1989.tb00252.x

Cited by 34 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…However, in the present study, this genus released trace eDNA, indicating that habitat is a key factor in their eDNA releasing property. Streptococci have been reported to attach to Bacteroide s-produced OMV[ 29 ], which might help their incorporation into the mucus biofilm without actively releasing eDNA.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and immuno-stimulatory properties of extracellular DNA from mouse gut flora

Qi¹,

Li²,

Yu³

et al. 2017

WJG

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AIMTo demonstrate that specific bacteria might release bacterial extracellular DNA (eDNA) to exert immunomodulatory functions in the mouse small intestine.METHODSExtracellular DNA was extracted using phosphate buffered saline with 0.5 mmol/L dithiothreitol combined with two phenol extractions. TOTO-1 iodide, a cell-impermeant and high-affinity nucleic acid stain, was used to confirm the existence of eDNA in the mucus layers of the small intestine and colon in healthy Male C57BL/6 mice. Composition difference of eDNA and intracellular DNA (iDNA) of the small intestinal mucus was studied by Illumina sequencing and terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP). Stimulation of cytokine production by eDNA was studied in RAW264.7 cells in vitro.RESULTSTOTO-1 iodide staining confirmed existence of eDNA in loose mucus layer of the mouse colon and thin surface mucus layer of the small intestine. Illumina sequencing analysis and T-RFLP revealed that the composition of the eDNA in the small intestinal mucus was significantly different from that of the iDNA of the small intestinal mucus bacteria. Illumina Miseq sequencing showed that the eDNA sequences came mainly from Gram-negative bacteria of Bacteroidales S24-7. By contrast, predominant bacteria of the small intestinal flora comprised Gram-positive bacteria. Both eDNA and iDNA were added to native or lipopolysaccharide-stimulated Raw267.4 macrophages, respectively. The eDNA induced significantly lower tumor necrosis factor-α/interleukin-10 (IL-10) and IL-6/IL-10 ratios than iDNA, suggesting the predominance for maintaining immune homeostasis of the gut.CONCLUSIONOur results indicated that degraded bacterial genomic DNA was mainly released by Gram-negative bacteria, especially Bacteroidales-S24-7 and Stenotrophomonas genus in gut mucus of mice. They decreased pro-inflammatory activity compared to total gut flora genomic DNA.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Composition and immuno-stimulatory properties of extracellular DNA from mouse gut flora

Qi¹,

Li²,

Yu³

et al. 2017

WJG

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“…Viability was neither reduced nor different among these strains until 72 h. Thus increased release of vesicles in the mutants was not the result of cell death. To examine whether LPS and gingipains were present in the supernatant in soluble form, a vesicle‐free supernatant was prepared as described elsewhere (29). Regardless of the strains used, about 10% of the total gingipain activities found in whole cell cultures remained in the vesicle‐free supernatant fraction, and only a small amount of LPS was found in the same fraction (data not shown).…”

Section: Gingipain Activities In Purified Membrane Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent data show that vesicles produced from pathogenic bacteria can transmit virulence factors to host cells (15). Vesicles from P. gingivalis and Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans possess gingipains (25, 29–31) and leukotoxin (13), respectively. P. gingivalis vesicles induce the formation of murine macrophage foam cells (26) and are also potent activators and aggregative factors for murine platelets (28).…”

Section: Gingipain Activities In Purified Membrane Vesiclesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Further evidence that major outer membrane proteins homologous to OmpA in Porphyromonas gingivalis stabilize bacterial cells

Iwami

Murakami²,

Nagano³

et al. 2007

Oral Microbiology and Immunology

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“…Besides, OMVs from P. gingivalis bound to and aggregated A. viscosus and A. naeslundii cells ( 53 ). They also attached to serum-coated hydroxyapaptite ( 54 ). In the OMV-cell recognition, LPS has been suggested to play a role ( 7 ).…”

Section: Omvs As Communication Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outer membrane vesicles – offensive weapons or good Samaritans?

Olsen

Amano

2015

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) from Gram-negative bacteria were first considered as artifacts and were followed with disbelief and bad reputation. Later, their existence was accepted and they became characterized as bacterial bombs, virulence bullets, and even decoys. Today, we know that OMVs also can be involved in cell–cell signaling/communication and be mediators of immune regulation and cause disease protection. Furthermore, OMVs represent a distinct bacterial secretion pathway selecting and protecting their cargo, and they can even be good Samaritans providing nutrients to the gut microbiota maintaining commensal homeostasis beneficial to the host. The versatility in functions of these nanostructures is remarkable and includes both defense and offense. The broad spectrum of usability does not stop with that, as it now seems that OMVs can be used as vaccines and adjuvants or vehicles engineered for drug treatment of emerging and new diseases not only caused by bacteria but also by virus. They may even represent new ways of selective drug treatment.

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Bactemides gingivalis vesicles mediate attachment of streptococci to serum‐coated hydroxyapatite

Cited by 34 publications

References 23 publications

Composition and immuno-stimulatory properties of extracellular DNA from mouse gut flora

Composition and immuno-stimulatory properties of extracellular DNA from mouse gut flora

Further evidence that major outer membrane proteins homologous to OmpA in Porphyromonas gingivalis stabilize bacterial cells

Outer membrane vesicles – offensive weapons or good Samaritans?

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