Bacillus subtilis SSE4 produces subtulene A, a new lipopeptide antibiotic possessing an unusual C15 unsaturated β‐amino acid

Abstract

a b s t r a c tSubtulene A, a new cyclic lipopeptide, was isolated from the culture broth of Bacillus subtilis SSE4. This antibiotic compound contained the seven common, L-Ser-7 and the unique b-amino acid-8 present in the iturin family. 1D and 2D NMR, as well as MS analyses, identified the b-amino acid as 3-amino-13-methyltetradec-8-enoic acid, an Iso C15 long chain b-amino acid. B. subtilis SSE4 was also found to produce iturin A. B. subtilis SSE4 culture filtrate exhibited both antifungal and antibacterial activities.

Antifungal activity of Brevibacillus laterosporus JX-5 and characterization of its antifungal components

“…The plates were incubated at 30°C for 3 days and the extent of fungal growth inhibition was examined. Bacteria with significant antagonist activity were kept for further study (Thasana et al 2010).…”

“…The protective mechanisms include parasitism, competition for nutrients or colonization of the plant tissues, antibiosis, and induced resistance of the plant (Alabouvette et al 2009). Antibiosis is a common phenomenon associated with many biological control agents (BCAs) such as fluorescent Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Streptomyces, and Trichoderma species (Alabouvette et al 2009;Thasana et al 2010). Diverse compounds have been isolated from their secondary metabolites, including antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), bacteriocins, and enzymes (Anastasiadou et al 2008;Chen et al 2010;Liu et al 2007).…”

Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis CBMDC3f with antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive foodborne pathogenic bacteria: UV-MALDI-TOF MS analysis of its bioactive compounds

“…Surfactins are among the most powerful biosurfactants and they exert antibacterial, antiviral and antimycoplasm activities (Seydlova and Svobodova 2008;Savadogo et al 2011); in turn, fengycins and iturins are known mainly for their strong antifungal properties (Hiradate et al 2002;Patel et al 2011). Even though there are several scientific articles about the peptides and lipopeptides with antimicrobial properties synthesized by different B. subtilis strains, the phylogenetic characterization of those strains were only done up to the Bacillus species level (Lee et al 2010;Thasana et al 2010;Khochamit et al 2015).…”

Therapeutic cyclic lipopeptides mining from microbes: latest strides and hurdles

“…Further, it exerted cytotoxicity towards human melanoma A375 cells mediated by plasma membrane permeabilization (Janek et al 2013). Apart from the above mentioned cyclic lipopeptides, there are many other cyclic lipopeptides with potential roles in medical fields which include Bacillus licheniformis-elaborated lichenysin (Nerurkar 2010), Bacillus subtilis SSE4-elaborated subtulene A (Thasana et al 2010), Paenibacillus kobensis M-elaborated mattacin (Martin et al 2003), Paenibacillus tianmuensis-elaborated battacin (Qian et al 2012b), Paenibacillus elgii-elaborated pelgipeptin (Qian et al 2012a), Micromonospora-elaborated rakicidin (Takeuchi et al 2011), Actinoplanes friuliensis HAG 010964-elaborated friulimicin (Schneider et al 2009;Rückert et al 2014), Serratia marcescens-elaborated serrawettin W1 (Thies et al 2014), Pseudomonas corrugata CFBP 5454-elaborated corpeptins (Strano et al 2015), Pseudomonas fluorescens SS101-elaborated massetolide (Song et al 2014) etc. In fact, the list is exhaustive and it reflects the rationale of searching for novel lipopeptides.…”