<i>Bacillus licheniformis</i>
            , a potential probiotic, inhibits obesity by modulating colonic microflora in C57BL/6J mice model

Cao, Guangtian; Dai, Bing; Wang, K.L.; Yan, Yongde; Xu, Yinglei; Wang, Y.X.; Yang, Caimei

doi:10.1111/jam.14352

Cited by 32 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 30 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…The policy for B. licheniformis is different in different countries. B. licheniformis is not registered for foods in Korea while it is available in a dried form as a probiotic in China [22,23]. B. licheniformis needs to be studied more to determine its toxicity for use as foods since some strains of B. licheniformis have probiotic activities, and chungkookjang fermented with B. licheniformis improves the bioactivities in animal studies [24].…”

Section: Toxic Bacillus Species Potentially Existing In Chungkookjangmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ-PGA-Rich Chungkookjang, Short-Term Fermented Soybeans: Prevents Memory Impairment by Modulating Brain Insulin Sensitivity, Neuro-Inflammation, and the Gut–Microbiome–Brain Axis

Jeong¹,

Ryu²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Fermented soybean paste is an indigenous food for use in cooking in East and Southeast Asia. Korea developed and used its traditional fermented foods two thousand years ago. Chungkookjang has unique characteristics such as short-term fermentation (24–72 h) without salt, and fermentation mostly with Bacilli. Traditionally fermented chungkookjang (TFC) is whole cooked soybeans that are fermented predominantly by Bacillus species. However, Bacillus species are different in the environment according to the regions and seasons due to the specific bacteria. Bacillus species differently contribute to the bioactive components of chungkookjang, resulting in different functionalities. In this review, we evaluated the production process of poly-γ-glutamic acid (γ-PGA)-rich chungkookjang fermented with specific Bacillus species and their effects on memory function through the modulation of brain insulin resistance, neuroinflammation, and the gut–microbiome–brain axis. Bacillus species were isolated from the TFC made in Sunchang, Korea, and they included Bacillus (B.) subtilis, B. licheniformis, and B. amyloliquefaciens. Chungkookjang contains isoflavone aglycans, peptides, dietary fiber, γ-PGA, and Bacillus species. Chungkookjangs made with B. licheniformis and B. amyloliquefaciens have higher contents of γ-PGA, and they are more effective for improving glucose metabolism and memory function. Chungkookjang has better efficacy for reducing inflammation and oxidative stress than other fermented soy foods. Insulin sensitivity is improved, not only in systemic organs such as the liver and adipose tissues, but also in the brain. Chungkookjang intake prevents and alleviates memory impairment induced by Alzheimer’s disease and cerebral ischemia. This review suggests that the intake of chungkookjang (20–30 g/day) rich in γ-PGA acts as a synbiotic in humans and promotes memory function by suppressing brain insulin resistance and neuroinflammation and by modulating the gut–microbiome–brain axis.

show abstract

Section: Toxic Bacillus Species Potentially Existing In Chungkookjangmentioning

confidence: 99%

γ-PGA-Rich Chungkookjang, Short-Term Fermented Soybeans: Prevents Memory Impairment by Modulating Brain Insulin Sensitivity, Neuro-Inflammation, and the Gut–Microbiome–Brain Axis

Jeong¹,

Ryu²,

Yang³

et al. 2021

Foods

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Although the use of probiotic strains of Bacillus is still recent, emerging studies have described the health benefits associated with their ingestion [20,21]. For instance, probiotic strains of Bacillus were shown to provide protective effects against high fat diet-induced metabolic disorders in mice [22] and anti-obesity effects [23]. However, relatively few studies have examined the possible synergistic effect between fermented foods and a specific Bacillus species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Combination of Apple Vinegar Drink with Bacillus coagulans Ameliorates High Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis

Urtasun

Díaz-Gómez²,

Araña

et al. 2020

Nutrients

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic characterized by excessive fat accumulation, associated with multiple comorbidities and complications. Emerging evidence points to gut microbiome as a driving force in the pathogenesis of obesity. Vinegar intake, a traditional remedy source of exogenous acetate, has been shown to improve glycemic control and to have anti-obesity effects. New functional foods may be developed by supplementing traditional food with probiotics. B. coagulans is a suitable choice because of its resistance to high temperatures. To analyze the possible synergic effect of Vinegar and B. coagulans against the metabolic alterations induced by a high fat diet (HFD), we fed twelve-week-old C57BL/6 mice with HFD for 5 weeks after 2 weeks of acclimation on a normal diet. Then, food intake, body weight, blood biochemical parameters, histology and liver inflammatory markers were analyzed. Although vinegar drink, either alone or supplemented with B. coagulans, reduced food intake, attenuated body weight gain and enhanced glucose tolerance, only the supplemented drink improved the lipid serum profile and prevented hepatic HFD-induced overexpression of CD36, IL-1β, IL-6, LXR and SREBP, thus reducing lipid deposition in the liver. The beneficial properties of the B. coagulans-supplemented vinegar appear to be mediated by a reduction in insulin and leptin circulating levels.

show abstract

“…The gut microbiota is strongly shaped by HFDs, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions, especially in terms of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes abundances (18)(19)(20)(21)(22)(23)(24)(25). Interestingly, several reports have revealed that the gut microbiota and its metabolites exhibit circadian rhythms, which are driven by HFDs (26)(27)(28)(29)(30).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Administration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Yin

Han

et al. 2020

mSystems

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melatonin, a circadian hormone, has been reported to improve host lipid metabolism by reprogramming the gut microbiota, which also exhibits rhythmicity in a light/dark cycle. However, the effect of the administration of exogenous melatonin on the diurnal variation in the gut microbiota in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) is unclear. Here, we further confirmed the antiobesogenic effect of melatonin on mice fed an HFD for 2 weeks. Samples were collected every 4 h within a 24-h period, and diurnal rhythms of clock gene expression (Clock, Cry1, Cry2, Per1, and Per2) and serum lipid indexes varied with diurnal time. Notably, Clock and triglycerides (TG) showed a marked rhythm in the control in melatonin-treated mice but not in the HFD-fed mice. The rhythmicity of these parameters was similar between the control and melatonin-treated HFD-fed mice compared with that in the HFD group, indicating an improvement caused by melatonin in the diurnal clock of host metabolism in HFD-fed mice. Moreover, 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that most microbes exhibited daily rhythmicity, and the trends were different for different groups and at different time points. We also identified several specific microbes that correlated with the circadian clock genes and serum lipid indexes, which might indicate the potential mechanism of action of melatonin in HFD-fed mice. In addition, effects of melatonin exposure during daytime or nighttime were compared, but a nonsignificant difference was noticed in response to HFD-induced lipid dysmetabolism. Interestingly, the responses of microbiota-transplanted mice to HFD feeding also varied at different transplantation times (8:00 and 16:00) and with different microbiota donors. In summary, the daily oscillations in the expression of circadian clock genes, serum lipid indexes, and the gut microbiota appeared to be driven by short-term feeding of an HFD, while administration of exogenous melatonin improved the composition and diurnal rhythmicity of some specific gut microbiota in HFD-fed mice. IMPORTANCE The gut microbiota is strongly shaped by a high-fat diet, and obese humans and animals are characterized by low gut microbial diversity and impaired gut microbiota compositions. Comprehensive data on mammalian gut metagenomes shows gut microbiota exhibit circadian rhythms, which is disturbed by a high-fat diet. On the other hand, melatonin is a natural and ubiquitous molecule showing multiple mechanisms of regulating the circadian clock and lipid metabolism, while the role of melatonin in the regulation of the diurnal patterns of gut microbial structure and function in obese animals is not yet known. This study delineates an intricate picture of melatonin-gut microbiota circadian rhythms and may provide insight for obesity intervention.

show abstract

Bacillus licheniformis , a potential probiotic, inhibits obesity by modulating colonic microflora in C57BL/6J mice model

Cited by 32 publications

References 30 publications

γ-PGA-Rich Chungkookjang, Short-Term Fermented Soybeans: Prevents Memory Impairment by Modulating Brain Insulin Sensitivity, Neuro-Inflammation, and the Gut–Microbiome–Brain Axis

γ-PGA-Rich Chungkookjang, Short-Term Fermented Soybeans: Prevents Memory Impairment by Modulating Brain Insulin Sensitivity, Neuro-Inflammation, and the Gut–Microbiome–Brain Axis

A Combination of Apple Vinegar Drink with Bacillus coagulans Ameliorates High Fat Diet-Induced Body Weight Gain, Insulin Resistance and Hepatic Steatosis

Administration of Exogenous Melatonin Improves the Diurnal Rhythms of the Gut Microbiota in Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About