<i>Bacillus</i> Species Pseudomeningitis

Lettau, Ludwig A.; Benjamin, D; Cantrell, Harry; Potts, David; Boggs, Jen

doi:10.1086/645897

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Carryover from contaminated pipetting devices may lead to erroneous results, such as incorrect bacterial counts ( Corpet 1986) or to false clinical data leading to wrong treatment of patients ( Lettau et al . 1988 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of filters on aseptic pipetting lifetime of mechanical and electronic pipettors and carryover during pipetting

Kolari

Takala

et al. 1999

Lett Appl Microbiol

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M. KOLARI, S. MANNONEN, T. TAKALA, P. SARIS, O. SUOVANIEMI AND M.S. SALKINOJA-S AL ON E N. 1999. The aseptic pipetting lifetime of air displacement pipettors during serial pipetting was investigated. When a Micrococcus luteus T culture was pipetted using no filter, less than 100 pipettings were required to contaminate the interiors of both mechanical and electronic pipettors with more than 10 3 cfu (n 1890 pipettings). When a filter was placed in the pipettor tip cone, the sterility of the pipettor barrel was maintained for more than 500 pipettings (n 2620) or 50-250 pipettings (n 2520), depending on the filter type used. When a radioactive liquid or plasmid DNA was pipetted using no filter, contamination of the pipettor barrel occurred within less than 100 pipettings. A filter placed in the pipettor tip cone protected the interior of the pipettors against radioactive contamination for more than 250 pipettings and against DNA contamination for more than 500 pipettings. A pipettor barrel contaminated with M. luteus T caused carryover in 13% of the pipetting series. When a SCF filter was placed in the tip cone, no carryover was observed within 2620 pipettings. A tip cone filter replaced at intervals of 50-250 (polyethylene filter) or 500 (SCF filter) pipettings will protect the pipettor barrel from contamination and the samples from carryover.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of filters on aseptic pipetting lifetime of mechanical and electronic pipettors and carryover during pipetting

Kolari

Takala

et al. 1999

Lett Appl Microbiol

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“…However, due to the wide distribution of Bacillus spores in nature (in soil, dust, water, and other animal sources) and in the hospital environment, this organism is usually considered a saprophyte or contaminant when detected in clinical specimens of different sources (5,18). Dissemination of Bacillus species among hospitalized patients has previously been reported (1,2,4,6,7,10,11,13,14,17,18,20,21). Most of these events were later considered nosocomial pseudoepidemics and were frequently secondary to the contamination of equipment and environments such as a fiber-optic bronchoscope, an air filtration system, a ventilator, a water bath, and a radiometric blood culture analyzer in microbiology laboratories (4,6,7,11,18,20,21).…”

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Nosocomial Pseudoepidemic Caused by Bacillus cereus Traced to Contaminated Ethyl Alcohol from a Liquor Factory

et al. 1999

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From September 1990 to October 1990, 15 patients who were admitted to four different departments of the National Taiwan University Hospital, including nine patients in the emergency department, three in the hematology/oncology ward, two in the surgical intensive care unit, and one in a pediatric ward, were found to have positive blood (14 patients) or pleural effusion (1 patient) cultures for Bacillus cereus. After extensive surveillance cultures, 19 additional isolates of B. cereus were recovered from 70% ethyl alcohol that had been used as a skin disinfectant (14 isolates from different locations in the hospital) and from 95% ethyl alcohol (5 isolates from five alcohol tanks in the pharmacy department), and 10 isolates were recovered from 95% ethyl alcohol from the factory which supplied the alcohol to the hospital. In addition to these 44 isolates of B. cereus, 12 epidemiologically unrelated B. cereus isolates, one Bacillus sphaericus isolate from a blood specimen from a patient seen in May 1990, and two B. sphaericus isolates from 95% alcohol in the liquor factory were also studied for their microbiological relatedness. Among these isolates, antibiotypes were determined by using the disk diffusion method and the E test, biotypes were created with the results of the Vitek Bacillus Biochemical Card test, and random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) patterns were generated by arbitrarily primed PCR. Two clones of the 15 B. cereus isolates recovered from patients were identified (clone A from 2 patients and clone B from 13 patients), and all 29 isolates of B. cereus recovered from 70 or 95% ethyl alcohol in the hospital or in the factory belonged to clone B. The antibiotype and RAPD pattern of the B. sphaericus isolate from the patient were different from those of isolates from the factory. Our data show that the pseudoepidemic was caused by a clone (clone B) of B. cereus from contaminated 70% ethyl alcohol used in the hospital, which we successfully traced to preexisting contaminated 95% ethyl alcohol from the supplier, and by another clone (clone A) without an identifiable source.

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“…Dissemination of this species in maternity units (18) and intensive care units (2) has been reported previously. Most of these episodes were pseudo-outbreaks and were usually secondary to equipment or environmental contamination (6,8,11,13,17). A pseudo-outbreak is a situation in which an organism is recovered in culture at a rate that is greater than expected and that cannot be correlated clinically with the supposed infection implied by the culture results (9).…”

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Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to investigate a pseudo-outbreak of Bacillus cereus in a pediatric unit

Liu¹,

Ke²,

Chen³

1997

J Clin Microbiol

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Bacillus cereus is a well-known cause of food poisoning. It also causes rare systemic infections, usually in immunocompromised patients. Dissemination of this species in hospitals had been reported. Most of these episodes were pseudo-outbreaks and were usually secondary to equipment or environmental contamination. We report here on the use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to analyze a pseudo-outbreak of B. cereus in a pediatric unit. Different restriction endonucleases had been tested, and SmaI was found to give the best result for PFGE. Among the 26 clinical isolates of B. cereus and the type strain of the species, 15 distinct PFGE patterns were distinguished. PFGE after DNA macrorestriction with SmaI could clearly differentiate between the epidemiologically related isolates and the unrelated isolates. Because the same epidemic strain of B. cereus was isolated from the settle plates which were exposed near the outlet of the ventilation system, the source of this pseudo-outbreak was suspected to be the unit's air filtration system. This is one of the first reports of the application of PFGE to the study of B. cereus, and this method is useful for epidemiological investigation.

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Bacillus Species Pseudomeningitis

Cited by 9 publications

References 18 publications

The effect of filters on aseptic pipetting lifetime of mechanical and electronic pipettors and carryover during pipetting

The effect of filters on aseptic pipetting lifetime of mechanical and electronic pipettors and carryover during pipetting

Nosocomial Pseudoepidemic Caused by Bacillus cereus Traced to Contaminated Ethyl Alcohol from a Liquor Factory

Use of pulsed-field gel electrophoresis to investigate a pseudo-outbreak of Bacillus cereus in a pediatric unit

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