Aster yomena suppresses LPS-induced cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase expression

The accessibility of selenium from naturally enriched sources such as cereals crops can potentially be used as selenium supplements to support nutritional requirements. Dietary selenium supplementation, as Se-rich wheat extracts, on RAW264.7 macrophage cells enhanced the antioxidant capacity via augmentation of cellular selenoprotein glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPx-1) expression in the absence or presence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Cells were supplemented with Se in the form of sodium selenite (SS), seleniferous wheat extract (SeW) and seleniferous wheat extract with rMETase treatment (SeW+rMET) at three different concentrations. Cells supplemented with SS and SeW+rMET showed increase in GPx-1 expression as compared to SeW treated cells. SeW+rMET, further, down-regulated the LPS-induced expression of cyclooxygenase-2, microsomal PGE synthase-1 and inducible nitric oxide synthase w.r.t. Se-deficient cells, while the expression of hematopoietic PGD synthase was upregulated. This demonstrates SeSup effectively modulates the expression inflammatory responses, indicating the potential benefits of dietary selenium supplementation.

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 81%

Selenium supplementation through Se-rich dietary matrices can upregulate the anti-inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated murine macrophages

Dhanjal

Sharma

Prabhu

et al. 2017

“…To this end, using the model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated murine microglial BV-2 cells, we firstly determined if incubating cells with LZ-8 would lower the production of pro-inflammatory nitric oxide (NO), prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2 ) and interleukin-6 (IL-6), as well as protein levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and type-2 cyclooxygenase (COX-2). It is well-known that toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)-mediated nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) triggered by LPS are responsible for initiating inflammatory responses by overexpressing numerous pro-inflammatory mediators as above described (Ahn et al, 2016;Kim et al, 2017;Lu, Yeh, & Ohashi, 2008;Taechowisan, Wanbanjob, Tuntiwachwuttikul, & Liu, 2010). Furthermore, the inflammation-related signaling NF-κB cascade was assessed to explore the underlying mechanisms, including gene expression of NF-κB inhibitor (IκBα) and translocation of NF-κB into nucleus.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ling-Zhi-8 protein (LZ-8) suppresses the production of pro-inflammatory mediators in murine microglial BV-2 cells

Chen

Lin

Huang

et al. 2017

Ling-Zhi-8 (LZ-8), a 13-kDa protein from mycelia of Ganoderma lucidum, exerts various beneficial functions in mammalian cells. Using murine BV-2 microglial cells, the objective of this study was to determine how LZ-8 modulates the production of proinflammatory mediators. Incubation of cells with LZ-8 (up to 10 µg/ml) had no negative effect on cell proliferation. LZ-8 significantly reduced the lipopolysaccharide-stimulated production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E 2 and interleukin-6 up to 31%, 39% and 58%, respectively (p < .05). LZ-8 down-regulated expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-2 by 69% and 37%, and also suppressed translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) into the nucleus and reduced gene expression of phosphorylated NF-κB inhibitor and toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4). In conclusion, LZ-8 reduced TLR-4-mediated NF-κB translocation into nucleus resulting in the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediator expression and production in microglial cells. ARTICLE HISTORY

“…One of the most important enzymes for inflammatory responses is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) that generates nitric oxide from the terminal guanidine nitrogen of L-arginine (Moncada, 1999). iNOS is a very important therapeutic target in the development of anti-inflammatory drugs due to dysregulated iNOS expression occurs in the development of certain inflammatory diseases (Kim et al, 2017;Vallance, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential modulation of toll-like receptor agonists-induced iNOS expression by polyunsaturated and saturated fatty acids

Shin

Shim

Kim

et al. 2017

Self Cite

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play critical roles in the induction of immune and inflammatory responses by recognizing invading microbial pathogens. One of the most important proteins for inflammatory responses is inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). The dysregulated iNOS activation play important roles in the development of certain inflammatory diseases. The present study investigated the effects of arachidic acid (ACA), which is a saturated fatty acid (SFA), and eicosapentanoic acid (EPA), which is polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA), on inflammation by modulating NF-κB activation and iNOS expression induced by TLRs agonists in murine macrophages. EPA suppressed NF-κB activation and iNOS expression induced by a lipopolysaccharide, macrophage-activating lipopeptide 2-kDa, and polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid, but ACA did not. These results suggested that EPA can modulate TLR signaling pathways and subsequent chronic inflammatory responses, but ACA did not mediate these effects. All the results suggest that EPA is a promising novel agent for the treatment of inflammatory diseases.