Abstract:Xerophilic fungi, especially Aspergillus species, are prevalent in the built environment. In this study, we employed a combined culture-independent (454-pyrosequencing) and culture-dependent (dilution-to-extinction) approach to investigate the mycobiota of indoor dust collected from 93 buildings in 12 countries worldwide. High and low water activity (aw) media were used to capture mesophile and xerophile biodiversity, resulting in the isolation of approximately 9 000 strains. Among these, 340 strains represent… Show more
“…Xerotolerant and having potential to cause opportunistic disseminated mycoses in dogs. Series description based on Sigler et al., 2010 , Martinelli et al., 2017 , Tanney et al., 2017 . Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isolated from hypersaline habitats. Series description based on Smith, 1961 , Pitt and Hocking, 2009 , Tanney et al., 2017 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sexual morph unknown; sclerotia absent. Series description based on Martinelli et al., 2017 , Tanney et al., 2017 , González-Martínez et al., 2019 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sexual morph unknown; sclerotia not observed in culture. Series description based on Tanney et al. (2017) .…”
The
Eurotiales
is a relatively large order of
Ascomycetes
with members frequently having positive and negative impact on human activities. Species within this order gain attention from various research fields such as food, indoor and medical mycology and biotechnology. In this article we give an overview of families and genera present in the
Eurotiales
and introduce an updated subgeneric, sectional and series classification for
Aspergillus
and
Penicillium
. Finally, a comprehensive list of accepted species in the
Eurotiales
is given. The classification of the
Eurotiales
at family and genus level is traditionally based on phenotypic characters, and this classification has since been challenged using sequence-based approaches. Here, we re-evaluated the relationships between families and genera of the
Eurotiales
using a nine-gene sequence dataset. Based on this analysis, the new family
Penicillaginaceae
is introduced and four known families are accepted:
Aspergillaceae
,
Elaphomycetaceae
,
Thermoascaceae
and
Trichocomaceae
. The
Eurotiales
includes 28 genera: 15 genera are accommodated in the
Aspergillaceae
(
Aspergillago
,
Aspergillus
,
Evansstolkia
,
Hamigera
,
Leiothecium
,
Monascus
,
Penicilliopsis
,
Penicillium
,
Phialomyces
,
Pseudohamigera
,
Pseudopenicillium
,
Sclerocleista
,
Warcupiella
,
Xerochrysium
and
Xeromyces
), eight in the
Trichocomaceae
(
Acidotalaromyces
,
Ascospirella
,
Dendrosphaera
,
Rasamsonia
,
Sagenomella
,
Talaromyces
,
Thermomyces
,
Trichocoma
), two in the
Thermoascaceae
(
Paecilomyces
,
Thermoascus
) and one in the
Penicillaginaceae
(
Penicillago
). The classification of the
Elaphomycetaceae
was not part of this study, but according to literature two genera are present in this family (
Elaphomyces
and
Pseudotulostoma
). The use of an infrageneric classification system has a long tradition in
Aspergillus
and
Penicillium
. Most recent taxonomic studies focused on the sectional l...
“…Xerotolerant and having potential to cause opportunistic disseminated mycoses in dogs. Series description based on Sigler et al., 2010 , Martinelli et al., 2017 , Tanney et al., 2017 . Fig.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Isolated from hypersaline habitats. Series description based on Smith, 1961 , Pitt and Hocking, 2009 , Tanney et al., 2017 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sexual morph unknown; sclerotia absent. Series description based on Martinelli et al., 2017 , Tanney et al., 2017 , González-Martínez et al., 2019 .…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Sexual morph unknown; sclerotia not observed in culture. Series description based on Tanney et al. (2017) .…”
The
Eurotiales
is a relatively large order of
Ascomycetes
with members frequently having positive and negative impact on human activities. Species within this order gain attention from various research fields such as food, indoor and medical mycology and biotechnology. In this article we give an overview of families and genera present in the
Eurotiales
and introduce an updated subgeneric, sectional and series classification for
Aspergillus
and
Penicillium
. Finally, a comprehensive list of accepted species in the
Eurotiales
is given. The classification of the
Eurotiales
at family and genus level is traditionally based on phenotypic characters, and this classification has since been challenged using sequence-based approaches. Here, we re-evaluated the relationships between families and genera of the
Eurotiales
using a nine-gene sequence dataset. Based on this analysis, the new family
Penicillaginaceae
is introduced and four known families are accepted:
Aspergillaceae
,
Elaphomycetaceae
,
Thermoascaceae
and
Trichocomaceae
. The
Eurotiales
includes 28 genera: 15 genera are accommodated in the
Aspergillaceae
(
Aspergillago
,
Aspergillus
,
Evansstolkia
,
Hamigera
,
Leiothecium
,
Monascus
,
Penicilliopsis
,
Penicillium
,
Phialomyces
,
Pseudohamigera
,
Pseudopenicillium
,
Sclerocleista
,
Warcupiella
,
Xerochrysium
and
Xeromyces
), eight in the
Trichocomaceae
(
Acidotalaromyces
,
Ascospirella
,
Dendrosphaera
,
Rasamsonia
,
Sagenomella
,
Talaromyces
,
Thermomyces
,
Trichocoma
), two in the
Thermoascaceae
(
Paecilomyces
,
Thermoascus
) and one in the
Penicillaginaceae
(
Penicillago
). The classification of the
Elaphomycetaceae
was not part of this study, but according to literature two genera are present in this family (
Elaphomyces
and
Pseudotulostoma
). The use of an infrageneric classification system has a long tradition in
Aspergillus
and
Penicillium
. Most recent taxonomic studies focused on the sectional l...
“…Recently, the dark-stained deterioration has been discovered in some parts of the unique medieval murals of Saint Sophia's Cathedral in Kyiv, Ukraine, which could be caused by micromycetes. The knowledge of the nature of deterioration and the microorganisms involved is essential for fighting microbial invasion and saving cultural and historical heritage [1][2][3][4][5].…”
Aim. The aim of this work is to determine the taxonomic position of the fungal strain MF18_10 isolated from the damaged wall with medieval painting of St. Sophia’s Cathedral (Kyiv, Ukraine). Methods. The fungus was isolated on selective medium for xerophilic fungi (70% sucrose Czapek agar). Мacro- and micro-morphological phenotypic characterization was carried out using light and scanning electron microscopy. Molecular-biological identification was performed using nucleotide sequences of the ITS-fragment. Results. On the basis of phenotypical characteristics of the fungal isolate MF18_10, it was established its affiliation to the genus Penicillium. ITS analysis revealed that the isolate belongs to the species P. chrysogenum demonstrating 100% identity with other 78 P. chrysogenum strains in GenBank database including the type strains NR_077145 and AY373902, also sharing several distinct differences in substitutions, deletions and insertions within this group. Conclusions. The isolated xerotolerant fungus was identified as P. chrysogenum, the typical representative of the indoor environments and dust, and also common for mycobiota of damaged historic-cultural artifacts. The differences in the analyzed P. chrysogenum ITS primary structures did not correlate with the source of isolation.
Keywords: Penicillium chrysogenum, xero-tolerant fungi, ITS, scanning electron microscopy.
A new species of the yeast genus Blastobotrys was discovered during a worldwide survey of culturable xerophilic fungi in house dust. Several culture-dependent and independent studies from around the world detected the same species from a wide range of substrates including indoor air, cave wall paintings, bats, mummies, and the iconic self-portrait of Leonardo da Vinci from ca 1512. However, none of these studies identified their strains, clones, or OTUs as Blastobotrys. We introduce the new species as Blastobotrys davincii f.a., sp. nov. (holotype CBS H-24879) and delineate it from other species using morphological, phylogenetic, and physiological characters. The new species of asexually (anamorphic) budding yeast is classified in Trichomonascaceae and forms a clade along with its associated sexual state genus Trichomonascus. Despite the decade-old requirement to use a single generic name for fungi, both names are still used. Selection of the preferred name awaits a formal nomenclatural proposal. We present arguments for adopting Blastobotrys over Trichomonascus and introduce four new combinations as Blastobotrys allociferrii (≡ Candida allociferrii), B. fungorum (≡ Sporothrix fungorum), B. mucifer (≡ Candida mucifera), and Blastobotrys vanleenenianus (≡ Trichomonascus vanleenenianus). We provide a nomenclatural review and an accepted species list for the 37 accepted species in the Blastobotrys/Trichomonascus clade. Finally, we discuss the identity of the DNA clones detected on the da Vinci portrait, and the importance of using appropriate media to isolate xerophilic or halophilic fungi.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
