<i>Aspergillus</i>infections in birds: a review

Beernaert, Lies; Pasmans, Frank; Waeyenberghe, Lieven Van; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Martel, An

doi:10.1080/03079457.2010.506210

Cited by 176 publications

(169 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…The presented data is not in agreement with the statement of Beernaert et al (2010) that aspergillosis is a "major cause of mortality in captive birds and, less frequently, in free-living birds". This contrast might probably be due to the fact that the diseased vultures were kept for a short time in captivity and underwent major changes of their environment thus leading to immunosuppression and stress being predisposing factors for aspergillosis.…”

Section: Related Reportscontrasting

confidence: 49%

“…However, fungal spores may disseminate to other organs including brain where their presence cause neurological disorders such as encephalitis or torticollis as was observed in the present case in one vulture [6] . Variations in hematology and biochemistry values are usually indicative of infectious disease including aspergillosis or physiological stress [15] . In our case, we compared the blood parameters with those of Polo et al [16] , and the variations were not conclusively suggestive of aspergillosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

Chege¹,

Howlett²,

Qassimi³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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Objective: To describe clinical signs, pathology, diagnosis and treatment of Cape vultures in which Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) and mixed species of bacteria were isolated. Methods: Six Cape vultures sourced from South Africa for exhibition at Al Ain Zoo developed illness manifesting as anorexia, dyspnea, polyuria and lethargy. Three vultures died manifesting ''pneumonia-like syndrome''. These three vultures were necropsied and gross lesions recorded, while organ tissues were collected for histopathology. Internal organs were swabbed for bacteriology and mycology. From live vultures, blood was collected for hematology and biochemistry, oropharyngeal and cloacal swabs were collected for mycology and bacteriology. Results: A. fumigatus was isolated from the three dead vultures and two live ones that eventually survived. One of the dead vulture and two live vultures were co-infected with A. fumigatus and mixed species of bacteria that included Clostridium perfringens, Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus, Escherichia, Proteus, Enterococcus and Enterbacter. One of the Cape vulture and a Lappetfaced vulture, however, were free of Aspergillus or bacterial infections. At necropsy, intestinal hemorrhages were observed and the lungs were overtly congested with granulomas present on caudal air sac. Histopathological examinations demonstrated granulomatous lesions that were infiltrated by mononuclear cells and giant cells. Conclusions: Aspergillosis is a persistent threat to captive birds and we recommend routine health assessments so that early diagnosis may prompt early treatment. It is likely that prompt prophylaxis by broad spectrum antibiotics and antifungals medication contributed to the survival of some of the vultures.

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Section: Related Reportscontrasting

confidence: 49%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

Chege¹,

Howlett²,

Qassimi³

et al. 2013

Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine

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“…são relativamente comuns em aves e mamíferos (Tell, 2005), sendo Aspergillus fumigatus, seguido por Aspergillus flavus, as principais espécies patogênicas isoladas em aves diagnosticadas com aspergilose (Keymer, 1982). Tal fato deve-se à presença desses agentes no meio ambiente como micro-organismos ubíquos, saprófitas e oportunistas (Beernaert, et al, 2010;Jones e Orosz, 2000), e à exposição das aves aos esporos que, quando inalados, são capazes de promover severas alterações clínicas, incidindo principalmente em infecções relacionadas com o trato respiratório inferior (Dahlhausen, 2006). Os sinais clínicos e as lesões patológicas dependem da forma apresentada pela enfermidade.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…O modo agudo é resultante da inalação de grande quantidade de esporos e a crônica relaciona-se com a imunossupressão. Observa-se em pássaros: letargia, inapetência, anorexia, rinite, sinusite, traqueíte, mudanças na vocalização, aerossaculite, dispneia, dermatites, ascite, problemas oculares, sinais neurológicos entre outros (Beernaert et al, 2010;Dahlhausen, 2006;Tell, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Associação de megabacteriose, aspergilose e candidíase em periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus) em cativeiro, Marília, SP: relato de caso

Silva¹,

Okamoto²,

Smaniotto³

et al. 2014

RBCV

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Fungal infections caused by Macrorhabdus ornithogaster, Aspergillus flavus, Candida albicans has been described as responsible for promoting gastrointestinal, respiratory, neurological and dermatological disorders in several avian species. The present paper describes the clinical signs, histopathological exams, treatment and preventions and of a chronic case of three fungal infections concomitant in australian parakeet (Melopsittacus undulatus). The animals came from a commercial breeding facility and sent to

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“…Fungal infections due to members of the genus Aspergillus are a major cause of morbidity and mortality among certain captive or free-ranging bird species, independent of age or immune system status (Beernaert et al, 2008;Tell, 2005). The airborne spores of Aspergillus species are ubiquitous, and avian aspergillosis occurs wherever environmental conditions are favourable to fungal growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microsatellite typing of Aspergillus flavus from clinical and environmental avian isolates

Hadrich

Drira

Neji

et al. 2013

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Aspergillosis is one of the most common causes of death in captive birds. Aspergillus fumigatus accounts for approximately 95 % of aspergillosis cases and Aspergillus flavus is the second most frequent organism associated with avian infections. In the present study, the fungi were grown from avian clinical samples (post-mortem lung material) and environmental samples (eggs, food and litter). Microsatellite markers were used to type seven clinical avian isolates and 22 environmental isolates of A. flavus. A. flavus was the only species (28 % prevalence) detected in the avian clinical isolates, whereas this species ranked third (19 %) after members of the genera Penicillium (39 %) and Cladosporium (21 %) in the environmental samples. Upon microsatellite analysis, five to eight distinct alleles were detected for each marker. The marker with the highest discriminatory power had eight alleles and a 0.852 D value. The combination of all six markers yielded a 0.991 D value with 25 distinct genotypes. One clinical avian isolate (lung biopsy) and one environmental isolate (egg) shared the same genotype. Microsatellite typing of A. flavus grown from avian and environmental samples displayed an excellent discriminatory power and 100 % reproducibility. This study showed a clustering of clinical and environmental isolates, which were clearly separated. Based upon these results, aspergillosis in birds may be induced by a great diversity of isolates.

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Aspergillusinfections in birds: a review

Cited by 176 publications

References 62 publications

Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

Opportunistic infection of Aspergillus and bacteria in captive Cape vultures (Gyps coprotheres)

Associação de megabacteriose, aspergilose e candidíase em periquitos australianos (Melopsittacus undulatus) em cativeiro, Marília, SP: relato de caso

Microsatellite typing of Aspergillus flavus from clinical and environmental avian isolates

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