<i>Aspergillus</i>and aspergilloses in wild and domestic animals: a global health concern with parallels to human disease

Seyedmousavi, Seyedmojtaba; Guillot, Jacques; Arné, Pascal; Hoog, G. Sybren de; Mouton, Johan W.; Melchers, Willem J. G.; Verweij, Paul E.

doi:10.1093/mmy/myv067

Cited by 184 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 261 publications

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“…Nevertheless, Aspergillus section Nigri includes species causing pulmonary aspergillosis and otomycosis in humans, as well as localized and disseminated disease in domestic and wild animals (2,3). Species belonging to Aspergillus section Nigri have been difficult to classify due to their phenotypic similarities (4), whereas molecular tools such as the sequencing of calmodulin and ␤-tubulin genes have been successfully employed for species identification and discrimination within section Nigri.…”

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confidence: 99%

Species Distribution and In Vitro Azole Susceptibility of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolates from Clinical and Environmental Settings

et al. 2016

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Aspergillus section Nigri includes species of interest for animal and human health, although studies on species distribution are limited to human cases. Data on the antifungal susceptibilities and the molecular mechanism of triazole resistance in strains belonging to this section are scant. Forty-two black Aspergillus strains from human patients (16 isolates), animals (14 isolates), and the environment (12 isolates) were molecularly characterized and their in vitro triazole susceptibilities investigated. Aspergillus tubingensis was isolated from humans, animals, and environmental settings, whereas Aspergillus awamori and Aspergillus niger were isolated exclusively from humans. Phylogenetic analyses of ␤-tubulin and calmodulin gene sequences were concordant in differentiating A. tubingensis from A. awamori and A. niger. Voriconazole and posaconazole (PSZ) were the most active triazoles. One A. tubingensis strain was resistant to itraconazole and PSZ and one A. niger strain to PSZ. Sequence analysis of the cyp51A gene revealed different sequence types within a species, and A. tubingensis strains were also phylogenetically distinct from A. awamori/A. niger strains according to the strain origin and susceptibility profile. Genetic analysis of the cyp51A sequences suggests that two nonsynonymous mutations resulting in amino acid substitutions in the CYP51A protein (changes of L to R at position 21 [L21R] and of Q to R at position 228 [Q228R]) might be involved in azole resistance. Though azole resistance in black Aspergillus isolates from animals and rural environments does not represent a threat to public health in Southern Italy, the use of triazoles in the clinical setting needs to better monitored. The cyp51A sequence is useful for the molecular identification of black Aspergillus, and point mutations in protein sequences could be responsible for azole resistance phenomena.

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confidence: 99%

Species Distribution and In Vitro Azole Susceptibility of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolates from Clinical and Environmental Settings

et al. 2016

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“…In addition, biofilm-forming capability is regarded as the major determinants of virulence in many pathogenic fungi [12]. A significant correlation between the virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility patterns of ocular fungal isolates has also been noted [11][12][13]. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the in vitro antifungal susceptibility profiles and in vitro virulence factor production capabilities of various fungal isolates obtained from ophthalmic mycoses worldwide.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The biofilm activity of QC ATCC C. albicans 92228 was classified as ? (%Tbloc,[5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20].The antifungal drugs VRC (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), AMB (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA), and NAT (Sigma, St. Louis, MO, USA) were prepared according to the CLSI M38-A2 method [22]. Dilutions of all antifungals were prepared in RPMI 1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) buffered to pH 7.0 with 0.165 M MOPS (morpholinepropanesulfonic acid; Sigma-Aldrich, Steinheim, Germany) to yield final twofold drug concentrations of 0.03-16 lg/mL.…”

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confidence: 99%

Virulence Attributes and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Opportunistic Fungi Isolated from Ophthalmic Infections

et al. 2016

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Investigations of both virulence factors and antifungal susceptibility profiles are crucial for understanding the pathogenesis and prognosis of ophthalmic mycoses. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antifungal susceptibility of amphotericin B (AMB), voriconazole (VRC), and natamycin (NAT) against a set of 50 fungal isolates obtained from patients with ocular mycoses using the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute broth microdilution method. In addition, putative virulence factor, such as secretory phospholipases and proteinases, and biofilm formation activity were analyzed. The geometric means (GMs) of the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the antifungals across all isolates were the following (in increasing order): VRC (0.70 μg/mL), AMB (0.81 μg/mL), and NAT (1.05 μg/mL). The highest activity against 14 Aspergillus strains was exhibited by VRC (GM MIC: 0.10 μg/mL), followed by AMB and NAT (GM MICs: 0.21 and 0.27 μg/mL), respectively. However, for 12 Fusarium spp., the GM MIC of VRC (2.66) was higher than those of NAT and AMB (GM MICs 1.3 and 0.8 μg/mL, respectively). Proteinase and phospholipase activity were observed in 30 % and 42 % of the isolates, respectively, whereas only 8 % of the isolates were able to produce biofilms. Phospholipase activity was observed in all Fusarium isolates, but not in any of the Aspergillus isolates. In contrast, biofilm-forming capability was detected in 25 % of the Fusarium isolates, but none of the Aspergillus isolates. The differences in the MICs of AMB, VRC, and NAT, biofilm-forming ability and proteinase and phospholipase activities among the isolates were not significant (p > 0.05). Overall, our study suggests no significant correlation between the antifungal susceptibility profiles and virulence attributes of ocular fungal isolates.

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“…They are also important causes of life-threatening infections in immunocompromised patients (2,3). In humans, Aspergillus fumigatus is the most common opportunistic fungal pathogen, remarkably among immuno-compromised hosts (4). After A. fumigatus, A. flavus is the second leading cause of invasive aspergillosis, and is the most common cause of superficial infections (5).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Aspergillosis is the most common opportunistic mycotic infection of the respiratory tract in birds that causes high morbidity and mortality, thus resulting in significant economic losses, especially in poultry (6). Other Aspergillus species may also be isolated from cases of aspergillosis in commercial poultry, but much less frequently than A. fumigatus and A. flavus (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Fluconazole and Nano-Fluconazole on A. flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates

Sarrafha

Hashemi

Rezaei

et al. 2018

Jundishapur J Microbiol

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Background: Increasing azole resistance among Aspergillus strains was observed over the last decade. For this reason, viable alternatives for the current medicines are required. Objectives: The current study aimed at producing fluconazole-loaded liposomal nanoparticles and comparing in vitro antifungal activity of fluconazole and nano-fluconazole on Aspergillus flavus and A. fumigatus species isolated from patients and poultry. Methods: Fifty isolates of A. flavus and A. fumigatus were collected from visceral and superficial fungal lesions of humans as well as pulmonary fungal infection of poultry. Liposomal nanoparticles were prepared by thin-film hydration method, using soybean lecithin, cholesterol, and fluconazole in a ratio of 10:1:1. The nanoparticles were analyzed in terms of size, zeta potential, and morphology. Antifungal susceptibility testing was carried out to examine and evaluate the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of fluconazole and nano-fluconazole against Aspergillus species by the standard method of broth microdilution as described in CLSI (the clinical and laboratory standards institute) -M38A2.

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Aspergillusand aspergilloses in wild and domestic animals: a global health concern with parallels to human disease

Cited by 184 publications

References 261 publications

Species Distribution and In Vitro Azole Susceptibility of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolates from Clinical and Environmental Settings

Species Distribution and In Vitro Azole Susceptibility of Aspergillus Section Nigri Isolates from Clinical and Environmental Settings

Virulence Attributes and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Opportunistic Fungi Isolated from Ophthalmic Infections

In vitro Evaluation of the Effects of Fluconazole and Nano-Fluconazole on A. flavus and Aspergillus fumigatus Isolates

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