<i>Aspergillus flavus</i> Infection and Aflatoxin Accumulation in Resistant and Susceptible Maize Hybrids

Windham, Gary L.; Williams, W. Paul

doi:10.1094/pdis.1998.82.3.281

Cited by 61 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Germplasm screening studies have identified a number of public sources associated with lower levels of aflatoxin production (Thompson et al 1984;Darrah et al 1987;Widstrom et al 1987;Zummo 1988, 1990;Campbell and White 1995a;Windham and Williams 1998). However, levels of aflatoxin production have not been adequate in commercial hybrids, especially in years with environmental condtions where aflatoxin production is favored (Payne 1992).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative trait loci for low aflatoxin production in two related maize populations

et al. 2003

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Aflatoxin B(1) formed by Aspergillus flavus Fr:Link has been associated with animal disease and liver cancer in humans. We performed genetic studies in progenies derived from maize inbred Tex6, associated with relatively low levels of aflatoxin production, crossed with the historically important inbred B73. (Tex6 x B73) x B73 BC(1)S(1) and Tex6 x B73 F(2:3) mapping populations were produced and evaluated in 1996 and 1997 in Champaign, Ill. Ears were inoculated 20 to 24 days after midsilk using a pinboard method and a mixture of conidia of A. flavus Link:Fr. isolates. Aflatoxin B(1) levels in harvested ears were determined using an indirect competitive ELISA. Molecular markers were assayed on the populations and used to generate maps. Molecular marker - QTL associations for lower levels of aflatoxin production were determined using multiple regression (MR) and composite interval analysis with multiple regression (CIM MR). MR revealed sets of markers associated with lower aflatoxin production in 1996 and 1997, and CIM MR detected a smaller subset of loci significant in 1997. QTLs for lower aflatoxin were attributed to both Tex6 and B73 parental sources. Environment strongly influenced the detection of QTLs for lower aflatoxin production in different years. There were very few chromosome regions associated with QTLs in more than 1 year or population with MR analysis, and none with CIM MR analysis. In 1997, QTLs for lower aflatoxin were detected with CIM MR in bins 5.01-2 and 5.04-5 in the BC(1)S(1) population, and in bins 3.05-6, 4.07-8 and 10.05-10.07 in the F(2:3) population. These QTL associations appear the most promising for further study.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative trait loci for low aflatoxin production in two related maize populations

et al. 2003

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“…However, the combined effect is yet to be explored. In EU field trials the aflatoxin content of resistant maize cultivars will be compared to susceptible cultivars, which is expected to be lower than previously achieved 70% (Windham and Williams, 1998). The aflatoxin contents of maize (EU) and peanuts (China) after treatment with atoxigenic fungal strains will be compared to non-treated crops in field trials.…”

Section: Pre-harvest Impactsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safe food and feed through an integrated toolbox for mycotoxin management: the MyToolBox approach

Krska

Nijs

McNerney

et al. 2016

WMJ

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There is a pressing need to mobilise the wealth of knowledge from the international mycotoxin research conducted over the past 25-30 years, and to perform cutting-edge research where knowledge gaps still exist. This knowledge needs to be integrated into affordable and practical tools for farmers and food processors along the chain in order to reduce the risk of mycotoxin contamination of crops, feed and food. This is the mission of MyToolBox -a four-year project which has received funding from the European Commission. It mobilises a multi-actor partnership (academia, farmers, technology small and medium sized enterprises, food industry and policy stakeholders) to develop novel interventions aimed at achieving a significant reduction in crop losses due to mycotoxin contamination. Besides a field-to-fork approach, MyToolBox also considers safe use options of contaminated batches, such as the efficient production of biofuels. Compared to previous efforts of mycotoxin reduction strategies, the distinguishing feature of MyToolBox is to provide the recommended measures to the end users along the food and feed chain in a web-based MyToolBox platform (e-toolbox). The project focuses on small grain cereals, maize, peanuts and dried figs, applicable to agricultural conditions in the EU and China. Crop losses using existing practices are being compared with crop losses after novel pre-harvest interventions including investigation of genetic resistance to fungal infection, cultural control (e.g. minimum tillage or crop debris treatment), the use of novel biopesticides suitable for organic farming, competitive biocontrol treatment and development of novel modelling approaches to predict mycotoxin contamination. Research into post-harvest measures includes real-time monitoring during storage, innovative sorting of crops using vision-technology, novel milling technology and studying the effects of baking on mycotoxins at an industrial scale.

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“…flavus isolate NRRL 3357 has produced high levels of aflatoxin in maize grain in prior studies [25][26][27] and was used to increase the inoculum in these experiments. Inoculum was increased according to Windham et al [26].…”

Section: Fungal Inoculum and Aflatoxinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Maize Germplasm for Resistance to Aflatoxin Accumulation

2012

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Aflatoxin contamination of maize grain threatens human food and animal feed safety. Breeding for reduced grain aflatoxin accumulation is one of the best strategies presently available to lower grain aflatoxin accumulation. Previously identified sources of germplasm with reduced grain aflatoxin accumulation are excessively tall and late maturing. The objective of this research was to screen germplasm and identify potential sources of aflatoxin resistance. KO679Y and CUBA117:S15-101-001-B-B-B-B inbreds were evaluated for aflatoxin accumulation alongside resistant and susceptible checks with both performing well. These two lines were also evaluated in various crosses. KO679Y performed especially well in crosses with Mp494 and Mp717, resulting in low ear rot and very low aflatoxin levels, but not well in other crosses. A breeding cross including CUBA117:S15-101-001-B-B-B-B as a parent accumulated low levels of aflatoxin both years it was evaluated. Lines resulting from these crosses are being advanced for further evaluation and improvement. KO679Y and CUBA117:S15-101-001-B-B-B-B may prove useful for breeders seeking germplasm sources for ear rot and mycotoxin reduction, especially KO679Y which matures a week earlier and is approximately 25% shorter than current lines resistant to grain aflatoxin accumulation.

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Aspergillus flavus Infection and Aflatoxin Accumulation in Resistant and Susceptible Maize Hybrids

Cited by 61 publications

References 22 publications

Quantitative trait loci for low aflatoxin production in two related maize populations

Quantitative trait loci for low aflatoxin production in two related maize populations

Safe food and feed through an integrated toolbox for mycotoxin management: the MyToolBox approach

Evaluation of Maize Germplasm for Resistance to Aflatoxin Accumulation

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