<i>Ashicaulis beipiaoensis</i>sp. nov., a New Osmundaceous Fern Species from the Middle Jurassic of Liaoning Province, Northeastern China

Tian, Na; Wang, Yongdong; Zeng, Wu; Jiang, Zikun; Dilcher, David L.

doi:10.1086/668868

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…References: Archangelsky & de la Sota (1962, 1963), Bower (1926), Cantrill (1997), Cheng (2011), Cheng & Li (2007), Cheng, Wang & Li (2007), Edwards (1933), Gupta (1970), Gwynne-Vaughan (1911), Herbst (1977, 1994, 1995, 2001, 2006, 2008), Kidston & Gwynne-Vaughan (1907, 1910), Marshall (1926), Matsumoto et al (2006), Miller (1971), Prynada (1974), Rothwell, Taylor & Taylor (2002), Seward (1907), Sharma (1973), Sinnott (1914), Tian, Wang & Jiang (2008), Tian et al (2013, 2016), Tidwell (1986, 1992, 1994, 2002), Tidwell & Ash (1994), Tidwell & Clifford (1995), Tidwell & Rushforth (1970), Tidwell, Munzing & Banks (1991), Vera (2007, 2008, 2010), Vishnu-Mittre (1955) and Wang (1983).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

Bomfleur

Grimm

McLoughlin

2017

PeerJ

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The Osmundales (Royal Fern order) originated in the late Paleozoic and is the most ancient surviving lineage of leptosporangiate ferns. In contrast to its low diversity today (less than 20 species in six genera), it has the richest fossil record of any extant group of ferns. The structurally preserved trunks and rhizomes alone are referable to more than 100 fossil species that are classified in up to 20 genera, four subfamilies, and two families. This diverse fossil record constitutes an exceptional source of information on the evolutionary history of the group from the Permian to the present. However, inconsistent terminology, varying formats of description, and the general lack of a uniform taxonomic concept renders this wealth of information poorly accessible. To this end, we provide a comprehensive review of the diversity of structural features of osmundalean axes under a standardized, descriptive terminology. A novel morphological character matrix with 45 anatomical characters scored for 15 extant species and for 114 fossil operational units (species or specimens) is analysed using networks in order to establish systematic relationships among fossil and extant Osmundales rooted in axis anatomy. The results lead us to propose an evolutionary classification for fossil Osmundales and a revised, standardized taxonomy for all taxa down to the rank of (sub)genus. We introduce several nomenclatural novelties: (1) a new subfamily Itopsidemoideae (Guaireaceae) is established to contain Itopsidema, Donwelliacaulis, and Tiania; (2) the thamnopteroid genera Zalesskya, Iegosigopteris, and Petcheropteris are all considered synonymous with Thamnopteris; (3) 12 species of Millerocaulis and Ashicaulis are assigned to modern genera (tribe Osmundeae); (4) the hitherto enigmatic Aurealcaulis is identified as an extinct subgenus of Plenasium; and (5) the poorly known Osmundites tuhajkulensis is assigned to Millerocaulis. In addition, we consider Millerocaulis stipabonettiorum a possible member of Palaeosmunda and Millerocaulis estipularis as probably constituting the earliest representative of the (Todea-)Leptopteris lineage (subtribe Todeinae) of modern Osmundoideae.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

Bomfleur

Grimm

McLoughlin

2017

PeerJ

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“…These beds contain abundant well-preserved fossil plants, including leaf foliages, seeds and fruits, permineralized rhizomes and fossil wood20. Many anatomically preserved plant specimens were recently reported from the Tiaojishan Formation, including fern rhizomes Ashicaulis 27282930, cycad stem Lioxylon 31 and conifers Araucariopitys, Pinoxylon, Sciadopityoxylon and Xenoxylon 2032 (Fig. 1).…”

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confidence: 99%

A Jurassic wood providing insights into the earliest step in Ginkgo wood evolution

Jiang

Wang

Philippe

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The fossil record of Ginkgo leaf and reproductive organs has been well dated to the Mid-Jurassic (170 Myr). However, the fossil wood record that can safely be assigned to Ginkgoales has not yet been reported from strata predating the late Early Cretaceous (ca. 100 Myr). Here, we report a new fossil wood from the Mid-Late Jurassic transition deposit (153–165 Myr) of northeastern China. The new fossil wood specimen displays several Ginkgo features, including inflated axial parenchyma and intrusive tracheid tips. Because it is only slightly younger than the oldest recorded Ginkgo reproductive organs (the Yima Formation, 170 Myr), this fossil wood very probably represents the oldest bona fide fossil Ginkgo wood and the missing ancestral form of Ginkgo wood evolution.

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“…The Middle to Upper Jurassic Tiaojishan Formation is well developed and widely distributed in western Liaoning Province, north‐east China (Jiang, Yao, Niu, Rao & Li, 2010; Xu, Yang, Tao, & Liang, 2003). Diverse and abundant permineralized plant remains are represented by fern rhizomes (Cheng & Li, 2007; Cheng, Wang, & Li, 2007; Tian et al, 2013, 2014,b; Zhang & Zheng, 1991), cycad stems (Zhang, Wang, Saiki, Li, & Zheng, 2006), as well as ginkgo and coniferous woods (e.g., Jiang et al, 2012; Jiang, Ferguson, Li, & Cheng, 2008; Tian et al, 2015; Wang, Saiki, Zhang, & Zheng, 2006), have been reported. In total, around 26 species across 17 genera of conifer wood have been described in this formation, although most of them are only preserved with secondary xylem (Jiang et al, 2019).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new structurally preserved fossil umbrella pine from the Jurassic of East Asia

et al. 2022

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The Sciadopityaceae are today a monotypic and relict family of the Coniferales, restricted to Japan with an endemic species of Sciadopitys verticillata Sieb. et Zucc., known as umbrella pine. Megafossil remains assigned to the Sciadopityaceae have been reported from various parts of the boreal hemisphere. However, structurally preserved fossil wood of the Sciadopityaceae is poorly documented. Here we present an anatomically preserved fossil wood of the Sciadopityaceae from the Jurassic of East Asia. A new fossil wood Zhangoxylon yanliaoense gen. et sp. nov. is proposed for the specimens, which are anatomically characterized by a heterogeneous pith, endarch primary xylem, and special secondary xylem. The anatomical structures of the new genus are similar to those of the living Sciadopitys except for the type of radial pitting. The present specimen has an araucarian radial pitting, while that of the living Sciadopitys is abietinean. Therefore, Zhangoxylon gen. nov. from the Middle to Late Jurassic (Callovian to Kimmeridgian) in western Liaoning may represent the Sciadopitys‐like petrified wood which bears pith and primary xylem. This new fossil, so far, the best‐known fossil wood of the family Sciadopityaceae, sheds light on the early evolutionary history of the family Sciadopityaceae, and contributes to a better understanding of the palaeoenvironment of the Jurassic Yanliao Biota in East Asia.

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Ashicaulis beipiaoensissp. nov., a New Osmundaceous Fern Species from the Middle Jurassic of Liaoning Province, Northeastern China

Cited by 18 publications

References 42 publications

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

The fossil Osmundales (Royal Ferns)—a phylogenetic network analysis, revised taxonomy, and evolutionary classification of anatomically preserved trunks and rhizomes

A Jurassic wood providing insights into the earliest step in Ginkgo wood evolution

A new structurally preserved fossil umbrella pine from the Jurassic of East Asia

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