<i>Arabidopsis</i> CSN5B Interacts with VTC1 and Modulates Ascorbic Acid Synthesis

Wang, Juan; Yu, Yanwen; Zhang, Zhijin; Quan, Ruidang; Zhang, Haiwen; Ma, Ligeng; Deng, Xing Wang; Huang, Rongfeng

doi:10.1105/tpc.112.106880

Cited by 126 publications

(123 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Little is currently known with regard to mitochondrially initiated H 2 O 2 signaling. As mentioned earlier, ascorbate is produced in the mitochondria and has strong effects on the transcription of a wide range of nuclear and photosynthetic genes (174,316,355), and recent studies imply important roles of ABI4 and the cullin protein degradation network in setting or mediating this signaling system (172,374). While synthesized in the plastid rather than in the mitochondria, the mitochondrial pool of glutathione is particularly large, stable, and independent from variations in cellular levels (390).…”

Section: Redox Status Signaling and Other Mitochondrially Emitted Sigmentioning

confidence: 94%

Metabolic Control of Redox and Redox Control of Metabolism in Plants

Geigenberger

Fernie

2014

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

137

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Significance: Reduction-oxidation (Redox) status operates as a major integrator of subcellular and extracellular metabolism and is simultaneously itself regulated by metabolic processes. Redox status not only dominates cellular metabolism due to the prominence of NAD(H) and NADP(H) couples in myriad metabolic reactions but also acts as an effective signal that informs the cell of the prevailing environmental conditions. After relay of this information, the cell is able to appropriately respond via a range of mechanisms, including directly affecting cellular functioning and reprogramming nuclear gene expression. Recent Advances: The facile accession of Arabidopsis knockout mutants alongside the adoption of broad-scale post-genomic approaches, which are able to provide transcriptomic-, proteomic-, and metabolomic-level information alongside traditional biochemical and emerging cell biological techniques, has dramatically advanced our understanding of redox status control. This review summarizes redox status control of metabolism and the metabolic control of redox status at both cellular and subcellular levels. Critical Issues: It is becoming apparent that plastid, mitochondria, and peroxisome functions influence a wide range of processes outside of the organelles themselves. While knowledge of the network of metabolic pathways and their intraorganellar redox status regulation has increased in the last years, little is known about the interorganellar redox signals coordinating these networks. A current challenge is, therefore, synthesizing our knowledge and planning experiments that tackle redox status regulation at both inter-and intracellular levels. Future Directions: Emerging tools are enabling ever-increasing spatiotemporal resolution of metabolism and imaging of redox status components. Broader application of these tools will likely greatly enhance our understanding of the interplay of redox status and metabolism as well as elucidating and characterizing signaling features thereof. We propose that such information will enable us to dissect the regulatory hierarchies that mediate the strict coupling of metabolism and redox status which, ultimately, determine plant growth and development.

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Section: Redox Status Signaling and Other Mitochondrially Emitted Sigmentioning

confidence: 94%

Metabolic Control of Redox and Redox Control of Metabolism in Plants

Geigenberger

Fernie

2014

Antioxidants & Redox Signaling

137

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“…As the generation of GDP-Man is regulated through degradation of VTC1 by a COP9 signalosome in the dark (Wang et al, 2013b), it is likely that KJC1 also participates in this regulation. KJC1 likely has a function opposite that of the COP9 signalosome in the generation of GDP-Man.…”

Section: Molecular Functions Of Kjcsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although overexpression of VTC1 was also examined, the effects on GMPP activity and AsA level were not obvious compared with that of KJC1 (Figures 2 and 3). Therefore, the turnover of VTC1 might be regulated by other factors (Wang et al, 2013b).…”

Section: Kjc1 Affects Gmpp Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1)/CYTOKINESIS DEFECTIVE1 (CYT1; hereafter, VTC1 indicates VTC1/CYT1 protein) has been identified as the major form of GMPP in Arabidopsis, and evidence for its key role in AsA synthesis comes from a number of different studies: In Arabidopsis thaliana, the vtc1-1 mutant, a leaky mutant for the VTC1 gene, exhibits a 70% decrease in AsA level (Conklin et al, 1997(Conklin et al, , 1999) and a CONSTITUTIVE PHO-TOMORPHOGENESIS9 (COP9) signalosome subunit, CSN5B, downregulates AsA level through the degradation of VTC1 in the dark (Wang et al, 2013b). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), metabolic engineering to increase pyrophosphate (PPi) levels substantially decreased AsA quantity, as it promoted pyrophosphorolysis of GDP-Man into Man 1-P and GTP by GMPP (Osorio et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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KONJAC1 and 2 Are Key Factors for GDP-Mannose Generation and Affect l-Ascorbic Acid and Glucomannan Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

et al. 2015

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Humans are unable to synthesize L-ascorbic acid (AsA), yet it is required as a cofactor in many critical biochemical reactions. The majority of human dietary AsA is obtained from plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a GDP-mannose pyrophosphorylase (GMPP), VITAMIN C DEFECTIVE1 (VTC1), catalyzes a rate-limiting step in AsA synthesis: the formation of GDP-Man. In this study, we identified two nucleotide sugar pyrophosphorylase-like proteins, KONJAC1 (KJC1) and KJC2, which stimulate the activity of VTC1. The kjc1kjc2 double mutant exhibited severe dwarfism, indicating that KJC proteins are important for growth and development. The kjc1 mutation reduced GMPP activity to 10% of wild-type levels, leading to a 60% reduction in AsA levels. On the contrary, overexpression of KJC1 significantly increased GMPP activity. The kjc1 and kjc1kjc2 mutants also exhibited significantly reduced levels of glucomannan, which is also synthesized from GDP-Man. Recombinant KJC1 and KJC2 enhanced the GMPP activity of recombinant VTC1 in vitro, while KJCs did not show GMPP activity. Yeast two-hybrid assays suggested that the stimulation of GMPP activity occurs via interaction of KJCs with VTC1. These results suggest that KJCs are key factors for the generation of GDP-Man and affect AsA level and glucomannan accumulation through the stimulation of VTC1 GMPP activity.

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“…The photomorphogenic COP9 signalosome subunit 5B (CSN5B) was shown to interact with GMP and enhance its degradation at night in Arabidopsis. 46) CSN5B-disrupting plants accumulated high levels of AsA under light and dark conditions. Therefore, the COP9 signalosome negatively regulated the biosynthesis of AsA by degrading GMP in the dark.…”

Section: Distribution and Biosynthesis Of Asamentioning

confidence: 99%

Cellular redox regulation, signaling, and stress response in plants

Shigeoka

Maruta

2014

Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry

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Cellular and organellar redox states, which are characterized by the balance between oxidant and antioxidant pool sizes, play signaling roles in the regulation of gene expression and protein function in a wide variety of plant physiological processes including stress acclimation. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ascorbic acid (AsA) are the most abundant oxidants and antioxidants, respectively, in plant cells; therefore, the metabolism of these redox compounds must be strictly and spatiotemporally controlled. In this review, we provided an overview of our previous studies as well as recent advances in (1) the molecular mechanisms and regulation of AsA biosynthesis, (2) the molecular and genetic properties of ascorbate peroxidases, and (3) stress acclimation via ROS-derived oxidative/redox signaling pathways, and discussed future perspectives in this field.

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Arabidopsis CSN5B Interacts with VTC1 and Modulates Ascorbic Acid Synthesis

Cited by 126 publications

References 59 publications

Metabolic Control of Redox and Redox Control of Metabolism in Plants

Metabolic Control of Redox and Redox Control of Metabolism in Plants

KONJAC1 and 2 Are Key Factors for GDP-Mannose Generation and Affect l-Ascorbic Acid and Glucomannan Biosynthesis in Arabidopsis

Cellular redox regulation, signaling, and stress response in plants

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