APOA5Polymorphism Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome in Korean Postmenopausal Women

Abstract

Background:Menopause is an independent risk factor in metabolic syndrome which induced an alteration of the lipid metabolism by hormonal changes. Apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5) was related to the regulation of triglyceride and high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) level with biosynthesis and decomposition. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between APOA5 polymorphism and metabolic syndrome in Korean postmenopausal women. Methods: This study included 307 postmenopausal women with anthropometric and biochemical measurement in 2010-2011. The polymorphism of APOA5 was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method with MseI restriction enzyme. Results: The metabolic syndrome prevalence with TT genotype was significantly lower than the frequency in those with TC/CC (27.09%, 38.46%, and 45.71% for TT, TC, and CC, respectively; P < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis of metabolic syndrome risk factors indicated that postmenopausal women with CC genotype had a higher risk with 3 times than that in TT genotype (P < 0.05). APOA5 C carriers showed an increased risk of triglyceride level (odd ratio, 2.93 and 1.85 for CC and TC+CC, respectively; P < 0.05). Interestingly, HDL-C was related to triglyceride directly in comparison to APOA5. Conclusion:The results of this study indicate that APOA5 has an influence on serum triglyceride and HDL-C, which contribute to metabolic syndrome in Korean postmenopausal women. (Endocrinol Metab 27:276-281, 2012)

Association between APOA5 polymorphisms and susceptibility to metabolic syndrome: a systematic review and meta-analysis

“…Most studies were from Asia ( n = 17) [ 11 , 15 , 22 , 24 , 26 , 29 – 32 , 34 – 36 , 48 , 49 , 52 , 55 , 57 ] and Europe ( n = 8) [ 27 , 33 , 46 , 47 , 50 , 51 , 54 , 56 ], while we found just one study that was conducted in the USA [ 53 ], and four studies that were from Africa [ 19 , 21 , 25 , 28 ]. The age range of the participants was 18 to 79, and the majority of studies were performed among both sexes, while three studies included only women [ 31 , 32 , 51 ]. Twenty-two studies were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) [ 11 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 – 35 , 46 , 48 – 51 , 53 – 57 ].…”

“…Twenty-two studies were consistent with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) [ 11 , 21 , 22 , 24 , 25 , 27 , 29 , 30 , 32 – 35 , 46 , 48 – 51 , 53 – 57 ]. However, in three studies, HWE was not in equilibrium [ 15 , 36 , 47 ], and in six studies, HWE was not reported [ 19 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 52 ]. Seventeen studies used NCEP ATP III criteria [ 11 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 31 – 34 , 46 , 47 , 49 – 54 , 56 ], ten studies used IDF criteria [ 15 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 35 , 36 , 48 ], and three studies used modified definition for identifying MetS [ 26 , 55 , 57 ].…”

“…However, in three studies, HWE was not in equilibrium [ 15 , 36 , 47 ], and in six studies, HWE was not reported [ 19 , 24 , 26 , 28 , 31 , 52 ]. Seventeen studies used NCEP ATP III criteria [ 11 , 22 , 27 , 28 , 31 – 34 , 46 , 47 , 49 – 54 , 56 ], ten studies used IDF criteria [ 15 , 19 , 21 , 24 , 25 , 29 , 30 , 35 , 36 , 48 ], and three studies used modified definition for identifying MetS [ 26 , 55 , 57 ]. Several techniques were used to identify the genotypes, such as the Polymerase Chain Reaction -Amplification Refractory Mutation System (PCR-RFLP) [ 15 , 19 , 22 , 28 , 31 , 46 , 48 – 50 , 54 , 56 ], Real-Time PCR Taqman [ 27 , 33 , 34 , 51 , 53 ], PCR and sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) [ 11 , 30 , 57 ], Mass Array [ 29 , 52 , 55 ], Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization (MALDI-TOF) [ 35 , 47 ], Kaspar technology [ 21 , 25 ], SNP Integration Tool (SNP-IT) assay [ 32 ], and bead-based microarray tech [ 24 ,…”

“…The findings of the quality evaluation revealed that 23 of the included studies were of high quality [ 15 , 19 , 21 , 22 , 24 – 27 , 29 , 30 , 33 – 36 , 46 , 47 , 49 – 53 , 55 , 57 ], while five were of moderate level [ 11 , 28 , 32 , 48 , 54 ]. The remaining studies were found to have low quality [ 31 , 56 ] (Supplementary Table S3 ).…”

Effects of a 3-year dietary intervention on age-related changes in triglyceride and apolipoprotein A-V levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose or new-onset type 2 diabetes as a function of the APOA5 -1131 T > C polymorphism

“…This discordance across studies may be related to the differences among ethnic groups. The C allele of the APOA5 -1131 T > C is more common among Asian populations (34% frequency in Japanese, 28-30% in Koreans, and 7.4% in Caucasians) [ 26 , 27 ]. The living conditions and progression of the disease as well as other subject characteristics may also affect the results.…”