Aphanomyces invadansin Atlantic Menhaden along the East Coast of the United States

Blazer, Vicki S.; Lilley, J.H.; Wb, Schill; Kiryu, Yasunari; Densmore, Christine L.; Panyawachira, V.; Chinabut, Supranee

doi:10.1577/1548-8667(2002)014<0001:aiiama>2.0.co;2

Cited by 52 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 25 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Histological examination of these lesions has shown that they are chronic, and the majority can be characterized as ulcerative mycosis , Kane et al 1998, Blazer et al 1999. Recently, the fungal agent associated with ulcerative mycosis in Atlantic menhaden has been identified as Aphanomyces invadans (Blazer et al 2002). Lesions identical to those observed in the wild have been reproduced by injection and bath exposure to fungal zoospores (Kiryu et al 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myxosporean plasmodial infection associated with ulcerative lesions in young-of-the-year Atlantic menhaden in a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, and possible links to Kudoa clupeidae

Reimschuessel¹,

Gieseker²,

Driscoll³

et al. 2003

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ulcers in Atlantic menhaden Brevoortia tyrannus (Latrobe) (Clupeidae), observed along the USA east coast, have been attributed to diverse etiologies including bacterial, fungal and, recently, harmful algal blooms. To understand the early pathogenesis of these lesions, we examined juvenile Atlantic menhaden collected during their seasonal presence in Chesapeake Bay tributaries from April to October 1999 and from March to August 2000. We conducted histopathological examinations of young-of-the-year fish from the Pocomoke River tributary, which has a history of fish mortalities and high lesion prevalence. Kudoa clupeidae (Myxozoa: Myxosporea) spores were present in the muscles of fish collected in both years. Of the fish assessed by histology in April, 5 to 14% were infected, while in May 90 to 96% were infected. Infection rates remained high during the summer. Mature spores were primarily located within myomeres and caused little or no observable pathological changes. Ultrastructure showed spores with capsulogenic cells bearing filamentous projections, and a basal crescentic nucleus with mottled nucleoplasm containing cleaved, condensed chromatin. Also, a highly invasive plasmodial stage of a myxozoan was found in the lesions of juvenile Atlantic menhaden. The plasmodia were observed in fish collected between May and July, with the maximum occurrence in late June 1999 and late May 2000. Plasmodia penetrated and surrounded muscle bundles, causing grossly observable raised lesions in 73% of all fish infected with this invasive stage. Plasmodia were also detected in the visceral organs, branchial arches, and interocular muscles of some fish. Some of the invasive extrasporogonic plasmodial lesions were associated with ulcers and chronic inflammatory infiltrates. The plasmodial stage appeared to slough out of the tissue with subsequent evidence of wound healing. Ultrastructure showed plasmodia with an elaborate irregular surface, divided into distinct ectoplasm and endoplasm; the latter contained numerous spherical vegetative nuclei, secondary generative cells, and occasional cell doublets. Our ultrastructural studies indicate that the plasmodial organisms, which are important in the etiology of the skin lesions, are myxozoans, and they may represent early stages of K. clupeidae. KEY WORDS: Atlantic menhaden · Brevoortia tyrannus · Kudoa clupeidae · Myxosporea · Plasmodia · LesionsResale or republication not permitted without written consent of the publisher

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Myxosporean plasmodial infection associated with ulcerative lesions in young-of-the-year Atlantic menhaden in a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, and possible links to Kudoa clupeidae

Reimschuessel¹,

Gieseker²,

Driscoll³

et al. 2003

Dis. Aquat. Org.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Pathological surveys of skin ulcers revealed that most contained oomycetes (filamentous protists that physically resemble fungi) (2,24,34). Specialized culture techniques were developed to isolate and identify these oomycetes (3,13,46). A number of species belonging to genera as diverse as Aphanomyces, Saprolegnia, and Achlya were recovered (4,12,40).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Assays for DetectingAphanomyces invadansin Ulcerative Mycotic Fish Lesions

Vandersea

Litaker

Yonnish

et al. 2006

Appl Environ Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces invadans is the primary etiological agent in ulcerative mycosis, an ulcerative skin disease caused by a fungus-like agent of wild and cultured fish. We developed sensitive PCR and fluorescent peptide nucleic acid in situ hybridization (FISH) assays to detect A. invadans. Laboratory-challenged killifish (Fundulus heteroclitus) were first tested to optimize and validate the assays. Skin ulcers of Atlantic menhaden (Brevoortia tyrannus) from populations found in the Pamlico and Neuse River estuaries in North Carolina were then surveyed. Results from both assays indicated that all of the lesioned menhaden (n ‫؍‬ 50) collected in September 2004 were positive for A. invadans. Neither the FISH assay nor the PCR assay cross-reacted with other closely related oomycetes. These results provided strong evidence that A. invadans is the primary oomycete pathogen in ulcerative mycosis and demonstrated the utility of the assays. The FISH assay is the first molecular assay to provide unambiguous visual confirmation that hyphae in the ulcerated lesions were exclusively A. invadans.

show abstract

“…Saprolegnia spp. has been reported in waters of Japan, Philipines, Australia and throughout the South Asia (Blazer et al, 2002). Simultaneous improvisation in expertise and facilities in disease diagnosis have led to the identification of several previously unknown pathogens and diseased conditions.…”

Section: Introduction Presence Of Saprolegnia Spp (Oomycetes) In Thementioning

confidence: 99%

Presence of Saprolegnia spp. (Oomycetes) in the Sivanamman Pond and its Characteristic Features

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aphanomyces invadansin Atlantic Menhaden along the East Coast of the United States

Cited by 52 publications

References 25 publications

Myxosporean plasmodial infection associated with ulcerative lesions in young-of-the-year Atlantic menhaden in a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, and possible links to Kudoa clupeidae

Myxosporean plasmodial infection associated with ulcerative lesions in young-of-the-year Atlantic menhaden in a tributary of the Chesapeake Bay, and possible links to Kudoa clupeidae

Molecular Assays for DetectingAphanomyces invadansin Ulcerative Mycotic Fish Lesions

Presence of <em>Saprolegnia</em> spp. (<em>Oomycetes</em>) in the Sivanamman Pond and its Characteristic Features

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About