Antrodia camphorata and coenzyme Q₀, a novel quinone derivative of Antrodia camphorata, impede HIF‐1α and epithelial‐mesenchymal transition/metastasis in human glioblastoma cells

Abstract

Antrodia camphorata (AC) and Coenzyme Q0 (CoQ0), a novel quinone derivative of AC, exhibits antitumor activities. The present study evaluated EMT/metastasis inhibition and autophagy induction aspects of AC and CoQ0 in human glioblastoma (GBM8401) cells. Our findings revealed that AC treatment (0–150 μg/mL) hindered tumor cell proliferation and migration/invasion in GBM8401 cells. Notably, AC treatment inhibited HIF‐1α and EMT by upregulating epithelial marker protein E‐cadherin while downregulating mesenchymal proteins Twist, Slug, Snail, and β‐catenin. There was an appearance of the autophagy markers LC3‐II and p62/SQSTM1, while ATG4B was downregulated by AC treatment. We also found that CoQ0 (0–10 μM) could inhibit migration and invasion in GBM8401 cells. In particular, E‐cadherin was elevated and N‐cadherin, Vimentin, Twist, Slug, and Snail, were reduced upon CoQ0 treatment. In addition, MMP‐2/‐9 expression and Wnt/β‐catenin pathways were downregulated. Furthermore, autophagy inhibitors 3‐MA or CQ reversed the CoQ0‐elicited suppression of migration/invasion and metastasis‐related proteins (Vimentin, Snail, and β‐catenin). Results suggested autophagy‐mediated antiEMT and antimetastasis upon CoQ0 treatment. CoQ0 inhibited HIF‐1α and metastasis in GBM8401 cells under normoxia and hypoxia. HIF‐1α knockdown using siRNA accelerated CoQ0‐inhibited migration. Finally, CoQ0 exhibited a prolonged survival rate in GBM8401‐xenografted mice. Treatment with Antrodia camphorata/CoQ0 inhibited HIF‐1α and EMT/metastasis in glioblastoma.

OVOL2 induces autophagy-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition by the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling in lung adenocarcinoma

“… 38 Autophagy can also reverse EMT by reducing key proteins, such as SNAIL, SLUG, and TWIST in human glioblastoma cells. 39 To date, several studies have demonstrated that tumor cells can use EMT or autophagy in response to microenvironmental stress, that EMT and autophagy negatively regulate each other and that they are capable of interconversion. 40 , 41 In this study, we confirmed that OVOL2-mediated autophagy is associated with EMT in LUAD cells.…”

Coenzyme Q0 inhibited the NLRP3 inflammasome, metastasis/EMT, and Warburg effect by suppressing hypoxia-induced HIF-1α expression in HNSCC cells

“…Matrigel invasion chambers (BD Biosciences, MI, USA) were used to assess cell invasion following previously standardized procedures 26 . For invasion assay, 10 μL of Matrigel (25 mg/50 mL) were coated onto the 8-μm polycarbonate membrane filters, and then the cells (2 × 10 4 cells/well in 12-well plates) were seeded onto the Matrigel-treated filter in 200 μL of CoQ 0 (0-7.5 μM) for 24 h deprived of serum.…”

The Influence of Some Medicinal Mushrooms Used in Ethnic Medicine on Malignant Cells.

“…Antrodia c. індукувала апоптоз клітинної лінії MDA-MB-231 раку молочної залози in vitro та у мишей in vivo [33], разом з її похідним коензим Q 0 , препарати перешкоджали проліферації клітин гліобластоми GBM8401, їх міграції, інвазії, інгібували метастазування, індукували апоптоз та аутофагію [34]. У дослідженнях Yang та ін.…”