Anemone altaica Induces Apoptosis in Human Osteosarcoma Cells

Abstract

In the past decade, no significant improvement has been made in chemotherapy for osteosarcoma (OS). To develop improved agents against OS, we screened 70 species of medicinal plants and treated two human OS cell lines with different agent concentrations. We then examined cell viability using the MTT assay. Results showed that a candidate plant, particularly the rhizomes of Anemone altaica Fisch. ex C. A. Mey aqueous extract (AAE), suppressed the viability of HOS and U2OS cells in a concentration-dependent manner. Flow cytometry analysis revealed that AAE significantly increased the amount of cell shrinkage (Sub-G1 fragments) in HOS and U2OS cells. Moreover, AAE increased cytosolic cytochrome c and Bax, but decreased Bcl-2. The amount of cleaved caspase-3 and poly-(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1) were significantly increased. AAE suppressed the growth of HOS and U2OS through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway. Data suggest that AAE is cytotoxic to HOS and U2OS cells and has no significant influence on human osteoblast hFOB cells. The high mRNA levels of apoptosis-related factors (PPP1R15A, SQSTM1, HSPA1B, and DDIT4) and cellular proliferation markers (SKA2 and BUB1B) were significantly altered by the AAE treatment of HOS and U2OS cells. Results show that the anticancer activity of AAE could up-regulate the expression of a cluster of genes, especially those in the apoptosis-related factor family and caspase family. Thus, AAE has great potential as a useful therapeutic drug for human OS.

Upregulation of microRNA‑520a‑3p inhibits the proliferation, migration and invasion via spindle and kinetochore associated 2 in gastric cancer

“…Recently, SKA2 was also identified to exert a function in tumorigenesis. Aberrant expression patterns of SKA2 have been reported in lung cancer (27)(28)(29), breast cancer (30)(31)(32), osteosarcoma (33,34) and kidney cancer (35). Nevertheless, the potential roles of SKA2 in GC are unknown.…”

Anemone medicinal plants: ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry and biology

“…In a screen of 70 species of medicinal plants, the aqueous extract of A. altaica (AAE) had the best ability to suppress the viability of HOS and U2OS human osteosarcoma cells in a concentration-dependent manner 34 . AAE suppressed the growth of HOS and U2OS through the intrinsic apoptotic pathway, but it had no significant influence on human osteoblast hFOB cells.…”

Anti-Proliferative Effect of Triterpenoidal Glycosides from the Roots of Anemone vitifolia through a Pro-Apoptotic Way

“…Although A. vitifolia is traditionally used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, no in vitro anti-inflammatory activity was observed in our previous study of this specimen. Inspired by Anemone saponins with significant antitumor activities reported in References [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ], A. vitifolia was chemically investigated by a bioassay-guided separation against HepG2 cell lines in this study, which led to the discovery of the cytotoxic butanol soluble extract, fraction ABB, and six compounds ( 1 – 6 ). The chemical structures of the abovementioned compounds are shown in Figure 1 .…”