<i>Anaplasma</i> spp. in dairy ruminants in Jordan: high individual and herd-level seroprevalence and association with abortions

Obaidat, Mohammad M.; Salman, Alaa E. Bani

doi:10.1177/1040638719843171

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…The current study showed that goat farmers use open lands for grazing with minimal grazing in the highlands regions. Similarly to the findings by J o r d a n [47], the difference in herd management could expose small ruminants to greater tick numbers and could explain the higher seroprevalence in goats. Grazing goats showed higher seropositivity compared to those who remain in permanent housing and this can be explained by the fact that grazing systems may increase the risk of getting vector ticks and enhance the risk of anaplasma infections [31].…”

Section: Comparative Study Of the Two Methods (Mgg And Celisa)supporting

confidence: 53%

“…Grazing goats showed higher seropositivity compared to those who remain in permanent housing and this can be explained by the fact that grazing systems may increase the risk of getting vector ticks and enhance the risk of anaplasma infections [31]. A higher seroprevalence was demonstrated for the extensive system infection such as described in Jordan [47,48]. Anaplasma spp.…”

Section: Comparative Study Of the Two Methods (Mgg And Celisa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological and Comparative Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma Spp. Infection in Goats from North-Eastern Algeria

et al. 2020

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Anaplasmosis is an infectious disease affecting goats and other ruminants. Our goal was to estimate the prevalence of Anaplasma spp. infections, and to identify different tick species in goa ts along with their associated risk factors. The epidemiology of Anaplasma spp. (A. ovis/A. marginale) was investigated from April to September 2016 in dairy goats from three different agro-ecological areas in the northeast region of Algeria (Guelma and El-Taref). We tested 182 goat sera using a MSP5 competitive ELISA (cELISA) test for IgG antibody screening, and by microscopic examination using the Giemsa (May-Greunwald-Giemsa) stain of 128 blood smears to detect intraerythrocytic inclusions bodies. The results demonstrated a total infection rate of 78.02 % and 42.18 % using cELISA and MGG, respectively. Only two species of ticks collected were identified, i. e. Rhipicephalus sanguineus (85.39 %) and Rhipicephalus bursa (14.60 %). Our study revealed that factors, such as the season, the type of farming, the hygienic status and the climatic conditions of the studied areas were found to be significantly associated with the tick infestation of goats (P < 0.05). The Anaplasma spp. infection prevalence was found to be highly dependent on the climatic conditions, the season (P < 0.05) and most closely related to the type of breeding and herd management (P = 0.000).The evaluation of the Giemsa technique showed specificity and sensitivity of 60.71 % and 45.16 % respectively. Calculating the concordance between the two techniques revealed Cohen’s Kappa value of 0.038 in the range 0.21—0.40, which corresponded to a very low agreement. The McNemar test results showed that both tests gave significantly different results (P < 0.05). This work provides evidence for Anaplasma spp. in goats from north-eastern Algeria.

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Section: Comparative Study Of the Two Methods (Mgg And Celisa)supporting

confidence: 53%

Section: Comparative Study Of the Two Methods (Mgg And Celisa)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological and Comparative Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma Spp. Infection in Goats from North-Eastern Algeria

et al. 2020

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“…For goats, the seroprevalence rate is consistent with the previous seroprevalence rate observed in Pakistan (25%) [ 8 ], while it was lower than the seroprevalence rate estimated in Botswana (88%) [ 33 ] and Jordan (82%) [ 34 ]. However, the difference between seroprevalence rates in these countries could be due to variations of several factors such as the sampling process, the number of examined animals, the bioclimate, and the kind of tests used [ 27 , 31 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

The first study on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in small ruminants and assessment of associated risk factors in North Egypt

et al. 2022

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Background and Aim: Ovine anaplasmosis is a rickettsial disease caused by Anaplasma spp. These Gram-negative intracellular bacteria are mainly transmitted by ticks and infected blood cells of caprine, ovine, and wild small ruminants. At present, epidemiological data on anaplasmosis in cattle, dogs, and camels in Egypt are available, but the data about Anaplasma spp. in sheep and goat are scarce. This study aimed to determine the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in small ruminants and assess the associated risk factors. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed to investigate the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in 300 sheep and 300 goats from four governorates in North Egypt using a commercial competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays kit, and the associated risk factors for the infection were evaluated. Results: Overall, the seroprevalence of anti-Anaplasma antibodies was 18.3% and 21.3% in sheep and goats, respectively. A multivariable logistic regression model was used to determine the association between risk factors and Anaplasma spp. infection. Conclusion: Age, animal husbandry, acaricide use, tick infestation, and contact with cattle were the primary risk factors for Anaplasma seropositivity. This study confirms the presence of antibodies against Anaplasma spp. in small ruminants from Egypt. This is the first study to assess the associated risk factors for Anaplasma infection in small ruminants from Egypt. Further studies are needed to improve the understanding of the associated disease factors, facilitating the development of new procedures for control of anaplasmosis in livestock.

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“…The seroprevalence at farm level was estimated at 36%, 94% and 94% for cow, sheep and goat farms, as well as at animal level, with 22% for cattle, 89% for sheep and 82% for goats (66). Detection of A. phagocytophilum in non-ruminant hosts varies: carcasses of stray dogs showed 39.5% A. phagocytophilum-positive samples when examined by species-specific PCR (86) but 9.9% of dogs (pet, stray, working) were found to be seropositive in different areas of Jordan, such as Amman, Jarash, Irbid, Ajloun and the northern Jordan Valley (Table III) (87).…”

Section: Jordanmentioning

confidence: 99%

Retrospective study of anaplasmosis in countries of North Africa and the Middle East

Parvizi¹,

Akinyemi²,

Roesler³

et al. 2020

Rev. Sci. Tech. OIE

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Anaplasmosis is a tick-borne disease caused by bacteria of the genus Anaplasma, which consists of six species affecting livestock and wild animals, and humans, worldwide. Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma phagocytophilum are the most important species for veterinary and human health. Infections of livestock have a noticeable economic impact due to reduced growth or loss of animals. This study provides information on anaplasmosis in animal populations of countries in North Africa and the Middle East. Relevant national and international scientific publications were evaluated for studies of the epidemiology of anaplasmosis between 1959 and 2019. The serological assay results showed a prevalence of 13.5%-89.7% in cattle in North Africa, and 35%-36% in cattle, 44.7%-94% in small ruminants and 10.83% in camels in Middle Eastern countries. Sample positivity for Anaplasma species by molecular assays revealed a range of 3.5%-69.3% in cattle, 2.5%-95% in small ruminants and 17.7%-88.89% in camels in North African countries and 95% of cattle, 15.5%-66.7% of small ruminants and 28%-95.5% of camels in the Middle East. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection of all six Anaplasma species in North Africa and of Anaplasma ovis and A. phagocytophilum in the Middle East was reported in livestock. This review shows that anaplasmosis is endemic in North Africa and the Middle East and represents a threat not only to the economies of these countries but also to public health. Thus, surveillance and implementation of control measures are important tools to optimise future strategic control programmes and prevent spread to neighbouring countries.

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Anaplasma spp. in dairy ruminants in Jordan: high individual and herd-level seroprevalence and association with abortions

Cited by 5 publications

References 17 publications

Epidemiological and Comparative Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma Spp. Infection in Goats from North-Eastern Algeria

Epidemiological and Comparative Diagnostic Study of Anaplasma Spp. Infection in Goats from North-Eastern Algeria

The first study on the seroprevalence of Anaplasma spp. in small ruminants and assessment of associated risk factors in North Egypt

Retrospective study of anaplasmosis in countries of North Africa and the Middle East

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