<i>Amanita phalloides</i> Mushroom Poisonings — Northern California, December 2016

Vo, Kathy T.; Montgomery, Martha; Mitchell, Stacey; Scheerlinck, P.; Colby, Daniel; Meier, Kathryn H.; Kim-Katz, Susan; Anderson, Ilene B.; Offerman, Steven R.; Olson, Kent R.; Smollin, Craig G.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6621a1

Cited by 28 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 5 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…The potentially ruderal niche of the death cap also suggests an effective management strategy (Dickie et al ., 2016). The mushrooms of the death cap are deadly, and each year in California there are poisonings (Zevin et al ., 1997; Bonacini et al ., 2017; Vo et al ., 2017). An increasingly public discussion has focused attention on whether the fungus can be eradicated from local landscapes (Dickie et al ., 2016; Quirós 2016; Childs 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native and invasive populations of the ectomycorrhizal death capAmanita phalloidesare highly sexual but dispersal limited

Golan

Adams

Cross

et al. 2019

Preprint

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62 1. The ectomycorrhizal death cap Amanita phalloides is native to Europe but invasive in 63 North America. To understand whether the fungus spreads underground using hyphae, or above 64 ground using sexual spores, we mapped and genotyped sporocarps from European and American 65 populations. Larger genetic individuals (genets) would suggest spread mediated by vegetative 66 growth, while many small genets would suggest dispersal mediated by spores. To test whether 67 genets are ephemeral or persistent, we also sampled from the same invasive populations over 68 time. 69 2. We mapped 13 European and American populations between 2004-2007 and characterized 70 each using amplified fragment length polymorphisms (AFLP). In 2014 and 2015, we resampled 71 populations in California and added three new European populations. These populations and a 72 subset of the specimens originally collected in 2004 were characterized using whole genome 73 sequencing. 74 3. In every population and across all time points, sporocarps resolve into small, apparently 75 short-lived genets. Sporocarps nearer each other are more closely related, suggesting spores land 76 and germinate near parent sporocarps. 77 4. A. phalloides uses spores to move across landscapes. Spores travel very short distances 78 and individuals appear ephemeral. The death cap's life history suggests yearly sporocarp 79 removal as a strategy for control of this deadly fungus. 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 invading on its own is likely to have an invasion dynamic distinct from a fungus associating with 108 an invasive plant (Dickie et al. 2017). However data tracking ECM invasions are limited, as are 109data describing potential impacts. Open questions include whether these fungi persist as 110

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Native and invasive populations of the ectomycorrhizal death capAmanita phalloidesare highly sexual but dispersal limited

Golan

Adams

Cross

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…Moreover, one of those two patients was first discharged home after rapid saline infusion, then readmitted and transplanted on hospital day 4 . LT‐free survival of patients who developed life‐threatening acute liver deterioration, but had reached the liver unit within 24 hours, after mushroom intake, was reported in several studies …”

Section: Progression Of Acute Liver Disease In 32 Hospitalized Patienmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Some early referrals might not be warranted, but will be prefered to the more delayed referral to intensive care, or liver, unit of a patient who will die while on the LT waiting list . A recent report from an emergency medicine department in California showed that the two adults with ACMP who were transplanted were among the eight who were hospitalised beyond 23 hours after mushroom ingestion. Moreover, one of those two patients was first discharged home after rapid saline infusion, then readmitted and transplanted on hospital day 4 .…”

Section: Progression Of Acute Liver Disease In 32 Hospitalized Patienmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A recent report from an emergency medicine department in California showed that the two adults with ACMP who were transplanted were among the eight who were hospitalised beyond 23 hours after mushroom ingestion. Moreover, one of those two patients was first discharged home after rapid saline infusion, then readmitted and transplanted on hospital day 4 . LT‐free survival of patients who developed life‐threatening acute liver deterioration, but had reached the liver unit within 24 hours, after mushroom intake, was reported in several studies …”

Section: Progression Of Acute Liver Disease In 32 Hospitalized Patienmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Regarding the liver, a major preventive action should be a public information emphasizing the requirement for an immediate outpatient consultation to the nearest emergency department as soon as the first digestive symptoms occur following recent wild mushrooms ingestion . Despite several cases of free‐transplant survival, true efficacy for toxin removal of early use of plasmapheresis or molecular adsorbent recirculating system remains undemonstated.…”

Section: Progression Of Acute Liver Disease In 32 Hospitalized Patienmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amatoxin poisoning: Immediate transfer to intensive care or liver unit of patients at early risk of severe acute liver injury

Bernuau

Francoz

Durand

2019

Liver International

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The overall rate (OR) of both death and emergency liver transplantation (LT) in patients with amatoxin containing mushroom poisoning (ACMP) is unequal according to their selection. In three series of more than 100 unselected patients each, and gathered over 14-35 years 1,2 in pharmacology 1 or toxicology 2 departments, this OR was lower than 14%, 1,2 but was significantly increased if the only patients most severely affected at admission are considered. 1,2 By comparison, the OR of death and LT ranged from 15% to 44% in François Durand

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